Where pamepu rwizi Sukhona? Where inoyerera uye kupi Sukhona Falls?

The Kudeuka uye chakarebesa rwizi muna Vologda mudunhu iri Sukhona. It - huru chezvinonhuwira mvura pasi zita kuNorthern Dvina. River Sukhona, mifananidzo zviri pasi apa, ane kureba 558 km kwayo dziva nharaunda kwazvo 50 zviuru akaenzana. ? km. zita raro rinobva pashoko "suhodna", iro rinoreva "kuoma pasi". Tanga zvinotora kubva Kubensky nyanza, pane rakakamurwa 2 ruoko: Big Puchkas uye Sukhona. The chikuru chinhu ndechokuti dzinongoitika zvikonzero, zvinoita ikachinja mirayiridzo kuyerera remvura. R. Sukhona ane kudzama mamita 100. Kuvapo uwandu nezvikumbaridzo nezvitsuwa matombo maduku.

nenzvimbo zvinhu

River Sukhona Vologda nharaunda, ndichinanavira anenge 560 km runoyerera zasi-yokumabvazuva aro okumusoro kunosvika, zvino anotendeukira kuchamhembe uye rinobatanidza pamwe South River. Pool zvinosanganisira zvinopfuura mazana nzizi 4 uye vanenge 6 zviuru hova. Kunewo makungwa, asi vakawanda vavo chaizvo diki, nzvimbo iyo haawanzotauri kukasapfuura 0,4? Km. The catchment nzvimbo inogona kuonekwa gobvu zvakadyarwa masango, izvo kugara vanenge 70% of zvachose nzvimbo. Kunewo anezvimiti. MuStoke Kubensky nyanza, apo rwizi yakatangwa Sukhona, inotongwa akavaka makore mashoma apfuura mudhamu.

A Nhoroondo shoma

Sukhona nemhenderekedzo vakanga kushandiswa muzana V remakore BC. vanhu Russian akauya panyika pano pave paya, muna XI remakore. Inoyerera kuburikidza nechepakati Russia uye Arkhangelsk, izvo akabvumira kutakura panzvimbo imwe neimwe, akasiyana zvinhu. Nepo mashoko tsinga chinokosha, izvo zvinoita kuti tive bhizimisi uye kutengeserana. Hydrological basa kuvandudza mamiriro wekushandisa, vaongorori vakawana, apo Sukhona runoyerera: muna Northern Dvina. mashoko akadaro anobvumirwa richikura ayo senga chinzvimbo.

Muzana XIX remakore, munzvimbo dzakasiyana murwizi vakadaidzwa nenzira dzakasiyana. Somuenzaniso, daro kubva mugungwa kusvikira Vologda Kubensky rinonzi Rabangoy (zita yakatanga pashure pakuvaka wemamongi pamahombekombe erwizi Rabangskogo) kubva Vologda kusvika Dvinitsa River - Lower Sukhona pashure Dvinitsa River - Great Sukhona.

zvinobatsira

Nemhaka Northern Dvina rwizi hurongwa Sukhona nechokuita Volga. On nenyika yaro, zviri navigable, asi panguva chirimo kufamba midziyo iri chinovatadzisa nokuti kushayikwa kwemvura, kunyanya mu rezasi rinosvika. Kubvira muna 1990, mutakurwi motokari yakamiswa sezvo zvakanga kudhura uye mabhizimisi maturo. Panguva iyi maonero marara, vamwe doro yakasviba rwizi munyika dzine phenol, saka kunwa pombi mvura hakubvumidzwi. Kwakadaro zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza chinja tigume nzvimbo dzakapoteredza.

River Sukhona Vologda nharaunda panguva rakanyatsojeka kukosha tsinga munyika Zvisinei, uye kuvandudza basa (pakuwedzera gwara kudzamisa) haina kuitwa.

hydrology

Hunodzorwa chando yakakodzwa. Sezvo April, mafashamo unotanga, ndokusaka parasikira guru (kusvika wandei kilometers) achiumbwa okumusoro rinosvika. Sukhona rwizi yaita chando muna November-December, uye kuzarurwa chete akananga May.

Rakakamurwa zvitatu dzinokura:

• The yokumusoro (muromo). Hunodzorwa dzakawanda dzavakuru. Upamhi rwizi chiteshi asingadi 200 m. On pemahombekombe mumasango nomumatondo dziri.

• Kureva (kubva muromo Tot'ma). Nokuti nokukurumidza, zvakawanda chipatapata. Wood anova pedyo aqueous rukova. Kusimba iri 100 m, noupamhi gwara -. 240 M munharaunda iyoyo, pane shoals zhinji.

• The repasi (pazasi Tot'ma). Forest iri zvakazara parinobuda kuti mvura. For zvakasiyana nokukurumidza. Upamhi rwizi mune dzimwe nzvimbo kusvika 400 m. Nezviduku kuti aionekwa pamberi yakafukidzirwa nemvura.

mhuka nyika

Sukhona River ane 58 hove marudzi, kusanganisira 3 mhando lampreys. Vakagovera zvinotevera:

• Putin - tsvina, tsvina;
• kuchengetedzeka - whitefish, whitefish;
• krupnochastikovye - knot, bream.

Pano kurarama mhuka kushoma chaizvo uye akadzivirira hwemvura: nelmushka, Rainbow, Sarimoni, Sturgeon, gungwa kwaIsakari.

The fauna of mumasango, izvo riri pamahombekombe erwizi Sukhona, ndiye zvikurukuru siyana. Pane kakawanda vaenzi makava, elks, dzomusango, hares, mapere, nemabheya. kuti tichingamidze yokuSpain, the marten, otter, mink, racoon, Chidembo, Chidembo zvishoma shoma zvinobvira. Ivo dendere idzi nzvimbo shiri, duck, rinogona kuwanikwa Grouse, hwari uye Grouse.

muriwo nyika

Nharaunda yakabatana mapazi erwizi rakakamurwa subspecies maviri: Forest uye South Forest. 70% of ndima rinosanganisira masango, kunyanya spruce. Mudunhu rokumabvazuva anogona kuwanikwa zvomusiperesi, larch, nemipaini. In rwezasi-kumadokero imere lichen chete vanoondoroka masango, zvinomera sparse kwakadaro imhaka mbereko ivhu. In rwezasi - gomo dota Linden. Ko muduku zvichida kuitika Aspen uye masango Birch ivo kutsiva vakatema spruce miti. Anezvimiti kugara 10% of nhamba yacho. Pano unogona kuona zvipfupi nemipaini, Birch. 14% ndivo Mafuro uye nyika arable. Meadows pamusana 7 chete%. Hunodzorwa rekushongedzesa, sedges uye vlazhnotravnye kumhara. Maererano Sukhona Valley kukurawo krupnoosokovye uye tallgrass dondo.

Ramba uchiongorora ose akasiyana mvura iyerere kubva kwarwakabva pamuromo wayo ingangodaro, nekuti pamepu rwizi Sukhona anooneka kwazvo. Somuenzaniso, munzvimbo kubva Kubensky kwegungwa kumusha Shuya vakamira Birch dondo, izvo dzimwe nguva kukura Aspen, spruce uye alder. iye kunotsigirwa zvakasimba dzinongoitika zvinokonzera kubva kumahombekombe, iyo zvino kubva rakafara paMaare. From p. Shumsky Tot'ma vasati inotsiviwa masango. Rwizi Saka, kuita dzoro kuchamhembe, kutamira kure naye zvakare. Pedyo kumahombekombe pehuni rakakodzera chete pedyo inflow Tolshma River. Panzvimbo anouya rwizi muromo, izvozvo kuchatsiviwa poromoka mabhanga.

zvipenyu ezvinhu

Panguva iyoyo, mamiriro ezvinhu kwezvakatipoteredza Sukhona kwete kufara. Pamwero muduku zvikuru rine lignosulfonates, zviri izvo vakapfuura ka30. Vaongorori yakataura kuti rwizi ose zuva anogamuchira 180 zviuru. M ³ maindasitiri uye neveimba mvura ine makemikari nyaya. Panguva iyoyo, nokuda asiri pawakaperera nemvura unhu mitemo, zvokudya kubva Sukhona anoramba yakaderera pamwero, apo mune dzimwe nzvimbo, mamiriro ichi kwasvika yakaoma iyi. On dzarwo nhoroondo dzinoverengeka miti dzakavakwa, izvo kukanganisa mamiriro mvura. Chokwadi kuti muna 2006, pasi mungozi mafashamo nokuda kwazvo snowmelt nharaunda kukatyisidzira zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza njodzi anotaura pacharo.

Pamahombekombe Sukhona inokosha guta guru uye nzvimbo yechizvarirwo Santa Claus - Great Ustyug. Pano pane rakakura uwandu zvinhu zvaizobatsira guta wokuRussia: rising, norwonzi, kari, mabhero. Mukuwedzera, musha uri rwizi akavaka Sokol uye Totma.

Kare, mvura iyerere kunokosha kuti hurumende, sezvinoratidzwa zita vanomutevera Sukhonsky mumugwagwa, riri mune rimwe mumaruwa Moscow. Zvinosuruvarisa kuti mvura iyerere amira vaikoshesa uye ezvinhu ake hwakaipa zuva roga roga.