Vanhu vanozivikanwa zvikuru muFrance. Anozivikanwa, akaisvonaka, akakurumbira maFrench, akakudza nyika yavo

Vanyori uye nyanzvi, vapanduki nemadzimambo, vatungamiri uye varongi veguta - vanhu vakakurumbira veFrance vakaita zvakawanda kukura kwete nyika yavo chete, asi nyika yose. Isu tose tinoziva kuti Jules Verne, Jacques Cousteau, Alexandre Dumas ndeye ... Tichazadza runyora urwu nemazita emamwe maverengi anokosha avo vanofanirwa nekududzirwa zvishoma.

Honore de Balzac

Uyu munyori wechiFrench anozivikanwa akaberekwa muna May 1799 muTours. Iko "de" kune zita rake rinonzi Balzac yakazviwedzera pachake, nokuti aiti aive nhengo dzakanaka (kunyange zvazvo vabereki vake vaiva varimi). Honore akadzidza kuVendome College kubva muna 1806 kusvika muna 1813, ndokupedzisa zvidzidzo zvake muParis uye Tours. Pakutanga, jaya racho raishanda muhofisi yezvemitongi, asi basa remufundisi rakanga risina kumugutsa. Kubvira muna 1819, akasarudza kufamba rwendo rwokusununguka ndokutanga kusika. Pakutanga akabudisa nhaurirano dzeurongwa hwekutsanangurira zvekutengeserana (pasi peshoko redu). Basa rinokosha muupenyu hweBalzac rakaitwa nekubatana kwake naMadame de Bernie - mukadzi anonakidza wemakore makumi mana nemashanu. Manzwiro aya mune zvekunamata akafambisa munyori muduku.

Chisikwa chokutanga, chakabudiswa naBalzac pasi pezita rake, ndiyo inova The Last Shuang (1829). Pashure pacho, vakatanga kutaura pamusoro paHoyore. Munyori akaedza kuratidza rutivi rwemagariro evanhu vomunyika yake. Mukuwedzera, iye aizivikanwa nechishuwo chake chekuongorora hutano uye kupa mishonga inoshanda yekurapa zvirwere zvake zvose. Ichi chinangwa tsvuku tsvuku kuburikidza nemabasa ose edzidzisi, kutora nzvimbo inokosha mu "Mafirosofi maitiro." Zvakanakira kuti munyori uyu aifarira kune vaFumi nevarume vanozivikanwa vechiFrench, uye kwete vanhu vanoshanda. Balzac aive akatozvikudza pamusoro pokuti aiziva sei nyika yakakwirira.

Jean-Paul Belmondo

Vanhu vakawanda vakakurumbira veFrance vakarumbidza nyika munyika yese cinema. Zvisinei, nyeredzi yakajeka munharaunda iyi inozivikanwa zvikuru naJean-Paul Belmondo. Akazvarwa muParis muna 1933, baba vake vaiva muvezi anozivikanwa. Murume wechidiki akaenda kundodzidza zvose zvisiri nyore zvekuita muCervervatory yeDamatic Art, asi akanga asina kugutsikana nenguva yakashandiswa muchikoro ichi. Dambudziko raiva nzira yekudzidzira, iyo Jean-Paul yaifunga kuti yakangosara.

Pakutanga, Belmondo akabatanidzwa mumatare emitambo. Akatanga kuonekwa pahwindo mune firimu "Pamusoro peMoliere nemitambo yake," asi chekutanga chemuimbi weTape "Svondo. Tichaba. " Mufananidzo wacho wakabuda pahwindo guru muna 1957. Munguva iyi Belmondo yakapa basa kwete kumba chete, asiwo kune imwe nyika, kunyanya muU.SA neItaly.

Zvose zvezita remutambo zvakasvika muma1970. Kuonga chipo chisina kujairika chekuzvarwa patsva, Jean-Paul akapenya mumafirimu akadaro se "Akanaka" (1973) uye "Monster" (1976). Basa rinokosha kupfuura mamwe makumi masere nerimwe raiva "Marginal" (1983). Sezvo akaberekerwa lycee, Belmondo anonakidzwa nekuvaraidzwa kwevanhu vose uye anoratidza maitiro ake emitambo, asi cinema yekuziva hakumunzwisisiki.

Jules Verne

Vanhu vakawanda vakakurumbira veFrance vakatanga kuvaka mabasa avo mundima isiri iyo yavanoda kuva nayo. Saka Jules Verne, uyo akadzidza mutongi wemhosva, akasarudza kubvisa nzira yakarohwa kuti aite zvaaifarira. Muna 1850, munyori wechidiki akatanga kutora matanho ake okutanga mukurumbira: mutambo wake "Broken Straws", wakaitwa pa "Historical Theatre" naAlexandre Dumas, akagamuchirwa nevateereri zvikuru. Kubudirira kweruzivo "Mavhiki mashanu muBalloon" (mutauro we "Unusual Journeys") wakafuridzira Vern kuti arambe achishanda nenzira iyi. Munyori uyu akanyanya kufarira kurondedzera zvishamiso zvezesayenzi zvakaberekerwa mupfungwa dzake.

Jules Verne ndiye munyori wevanopfuura makumi manomwe nhoroondo. Yaiva iye uyo, pakutanga akaita seasinganzwisisiki, akafanotaura kusikwa kwezvinyorwa zvegungwa, gungwa remhepo, terevhizheni, uye ndege kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo.

Charles de Gaulle

Ndeapi vanhu vakakurumbira muFrance vakakonzera kukura kwehurumende? Zvechokwadi, zvematongerwo enyika. Mumwe wevanhu vakabudirira zvikuru - Charles de Gaulle - mutungamiri wekutanga uye nheyo yeFifth Republic. Mumakore ekutonga kwake (1959-1969), shanduro itsva yeBumbiro reMitemo yakagamuchirwa uye masimba emusoro wehurumende akawedzerwa zvikuru. Akanyatsopindira mukushandiswa kwezvirongwa zvekuvaka zvombo zvenyukireya zvenyika, yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa kweSoviet-French uye yakatanga kutora kubva kuNATO.

Sezvakataurwa naDa Gaulle pachake, maonero evanhu vakadai saCharles Pegi (munyori wenhetembo, mutori wenhau), Maurice Barres (munyori), Emil Butreux naHenri Bergson (vazivi vemapurisa) vakakurudzira zvikuru kuumbwa kwenyika yake.

Munguva yeHondo Yenyika II, upenyu hwaGaulle hwakachinja zvikuru. Kutanga, akaputsa chibvumirano chorugare neFascist Germany ndokuenda kuEngland kunoronga kurwisana kwekusunungurwa kwenyika yake. Ari mukutapwa, akateya sangano rokuti "Free France" uye akadana vanhu vekwake kuti varege kuzvipira mukurwisana kwekusununguka kubva kumhirizhonga.

Mune mufambiro wezvematongerwe enyika, Charles de Gaulle akatevedzera pfungwa yehukuru hwemamiriro ake enyika. Kana iri yenzira yemhuri, yakabhadhara zvishoma.

Alexander Dumas mukuru

Vanhu vazhinji vakakura veFrance vainyatsozivikanwa kupfuura kure nenyika yavo. Izvo zvinogona kutaurwa nezvomunyori akangwara Alexander Dumas. Zvinyorwa zvake zvitsva zvinyorwa zvakaverengwa nenyika yose. Mukuwedzera, iye aiva mutori wenhau uye playwright. Vana vemakore, kuyaruka uye vechiduku veDumas vakaitirwa muVilliers-Cauterets. Achitenda mukurumbira wakanaka uye kubatana kwevabereki vake, Alexander akakwanisa kuwana mutsara muhofisi yeParis yeDuke weAreleans. Nhoroondo yenyaya yekutanga uye yevhangeri yaiva basa rainzi "Gallia neFrance" (gore rokunyora - 1833).

Alexander Dumas Muduku

Uyu munhu ane nzvimbo inokosha mune zvakanyorwa "Vanhu Vakakurumbira veFrance". Mwanakomana wepabheti weAlexandre Dumas uyo mukuru akava muchengeti wechekurumbira. Amai vake vaiva mucheki. Kunyangwe tichibatsirwa nekusimbirwa nababa vake, mukomana uyu haana kudikanwa, uhu hwake hwese hwakanga hwakazara nekunzwa kwekuderera. Mushure mokunge zviitiko zvehupenyu hwako zvicharatidzwa mumabasa akawanda. Tenzi weshoko rakakwanisa kuita mutambo weFrance chimbo chakasimba chokukurudzira vanhu. Haanazeza kuzivisa pfungwa dzake munguva yakareba yezvinofananidza kumitambo yake, achiita semitemo yemitemo.

Imwe yemabasa aDumas anozivikanwa zvikuru ndeye "Mari Mubvunzo". Mariri, anoseka hupfumi hutsva. Munyori anojekesa nyaya inorwadza yevana vasiri pamutemo muchitambo chinonzi "Mwana Wakaipa" uye mumutambo "Muparadzi". Mune basa "Mukadzi waClaude," Dumas akakwanisa kutsigira kodzero yemurume wake yekuuraya mukadzi asina kutendeka.

Joan weArc

Vamwe vanhu vakakudza France vakanga vasingatyi kufira pfungwa dzavo. Uyu mukurumbira wainzi Orleans akazova munhu asina hanya nemhosva yezvematongerwe enyika. Mumwe musikana kubva kumhuri yevarombo akazova mutevedzeri wevamwari vake vanorwisana nevashori-Shona. Muna 1429, akakwanisa kusununguka kubva pakakombwa kweOreans. MunaMay 1430, akatorwa nemuvengi.

Musi waJanuary 9, 1431, akamanikidzwa kuonekwa pamberi peInquisition. Achipomerwa nhema uye uroyi, Jeanne akatongerwa kupiswa ari mupenyu. MunaMay 1920, kuburikidza nekuedza kweChechi yeKaturike, Mukadzi weAreleans aive pakati pevatsvene.

Jacques-Yves Cousteau

Uyu ndiye mutauro wechiFrench anozivikanwa zvikuru uyo akaongorora nyika yeWorld Ocean. Mukuwedzera, Cousteau akanga ane nyanzvi mufananidzo, munyori, muumbi uye mutungamiriri.

Kutenda nebasa rekubatana naEmil Gagnan, Jacques-Yves vakakwanisa kuziva pfungwa yekugadzirisa iyo inomubvumira kugara mumvura kwenguva yakareba-ye aqualung.

Baba Cousteau vakadzidza mutemo mumutungamiri weFrance. Pane imwe nguva akanga ari chiremba wechidiki pane mutemo munyika. Mudzimai wake aiva Elizabeth Duranton. Nenguva isipi mushure mokuroorana kwavo vaine mwanakomana. Mukomana uyu ainzi Pierre-Antoine. Mukoma wake, Jacques-Yves, akaberekwa makore mana gare gare. Mutsvakurudzi weramangwana aifarira mumvura yakadzika yegungwa kubvira achiri muduku. Upenyu hwaCousteau hwakavhiringidzika nekuda kwemyocardial infarction. Jacques-Yves akasarudza kuzvizviti iye nyanzvi yegungwa. Makore ekupedzisira omutsvakurudzi akanga akafukidzirwa nekutonga nemwanakomana wake pachake kuti ave nekodzero yekushandisa zita raCousteau, panguva iyoyo chakanga chava marashi.

Mhedziso

Havazi vose vaFrance vainzi vakanyorwa pamusoro. Mupiro mukuru mukufambisa kwenyika yakagadzirwa nemafungiro akadai saPaul Curie, Jean Baptiste Lamarque, Gilbert Lafayette, Claude Lelouch, Henri Matisse, Molière, Claude Monet, Guy de Maupassant, Andre Maurois, Marguerite weNavarre, Louis Pasteur nevamwe vakawanda.