Vagari vakashinga veNorth, kana Ndezvipi zvinomera zvinodya mudumbu?

Mhemberero mhuka duku, kunze uye munzira yehupenyu dzinoyeuchidza hamsters uye voles. Zita rechipiri rokumera ndiro polar pies. Kubva pane zvinyorwa zvekuongorora, mhuka iyi ndeyomusasa wemakonzo uye shanduro yemhepo. Mhemberero ndiyo vagari venguva refu ye tundra uye musango-tundra. Muchikamu chino, iwe uchanzwa kutarisa uye kuti chii chinotyisa mumvura. Hazvishamisi, asi mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma ehupenyu mhuka idzi dzinonzwa dzakanakira. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti nguva nenguva vanoita mhirizhonga kune dzimwe nyika kune dzimwe nyika. Panenge pane zvose zvakarongeka.

Ko mavara anotarisa sei?

Usati wataurira kuti chaizvoizvo zvinorarama uye ndezvipi zvinodyiwa zvinodya mumutumbi, zvinonzwisisika kudzidza pamusoro pezvisikwa zvekuonekwa kwavo. Idzi ndidzo mhuka dziduku dzemutsara. Mumuviri wavo haupfuuri 15 cm, 2 cm ayo muswe. Kuremera kwemhuka yacho 20-70 g Huru dzezvisikwa izvi ndezvakare uye dzakaoma, zvine ruvara rwebhuruu ruvara nerima. Netsoka dzemhuka nemuswe waro zvinenge zvakavezwa mumucheka wakajeka, uye mudumbu inenge yakaiswa mujecha. Chimwe chinhu chakasiyana chemarimu ndezvipfeko zviviri zvejena, zvinowanikwa mumuzzle uye zvichibva kumeso. Muchando, huno hwemhuka hunovhenekera kwazvo (whitens), uye mitsetse pamakumbo epamberi anowedzera kusimba.

Lemmings. Vanogara kupi?

Pane izvo zvisikwa izvi zvinopa - tichawana zvishoma gare gare, zvino zvakakodzera kufungisisa kwavanogara. Mhemberero dzakakurumbira mu tundra uye musango-tundra (muchikamu) cheNorth America neEurasia. Mhando dzakawanda dzezvisikwa izvi zvakapona pazvitsuwa zveActic Ocean. Nzvimbo dzinonakidzwa dzekudzidza lemmings ne zoologists ndeyekuchamhembe kwemvura, somuenzaniso, Scandinavia.

Kune marudzi matanhatu emarimusi munharaunda yeRussian Federation. Inoparadzirwa kubva kuKola Peninsula kusvika kuChukotka nekuMabvazuva. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Masango;
• Norwegian;
• Siberia;
• Ungulate;
• Amur;
• Lemming Vinogradov.

Ndezvipi zvinodyiwa zvinodya mudumbu?

Sezvatotaurwa pamusoro apa, lemmings ndiyo mapurisa. Sezvo zvisikwa izvi zvinogara mumumvura, miti yakasimba yekumusoro, semuenzaniso, iyo inonzi inonzi reindeer moss, rhizomes dzakasiyana-siyana, mhete dzezvitsuwa zvinoshandiswa zvinoshanda sezvokudya kwavari . Reserves nokuda kwechando havasi. Matendere avo, zvipfuwo zvinogona kuronga zvakanaka pasi pasi pechando, kupedza mavari nguva yose yechando. Panguva ino vanofudza pane zvikamu zvakanyanya zvezvirimwa zvinomera. Hazviwanzofananidza kutsanya kazhinji munguva yechando.

Lemmings. Lifestyle

Mhemberero uye tundra hazvikwanise kuvapo pasina mumwe nemumwe, zvisinei kuti zvimwe zvezvisikwa izvi zvisati zvasungirirwa kune "imba yavo yekuchamhembe", uye nguva nenguva zvinoshandura nguva dzekufamba. Vanoenda kune avo vanonzi "mafuro ezhizha" - munzvimbo dziri nekudzivirira mamiriro okunze. Ikoko mhuka dzinodya misi, sedge, shrubs, nezvimwewo. Nenzira, iyo inoshanda gore rose. Mushure mekufamba rwendo rurefu, lemming kwezuva rimwe inogona kudya zvakapetwa kaviri sezvainoyera! Pa "mafuro ezhizha" mhuka idzi dzakagadzirira kudya kwezuva rose, zvichiita mapfupi mashoma.

Vadzidzi veZoologist vakatarisa kuti vanogara sei uye vanodya mazamu mumatundra, cherechedza chimwe chinhu chinofadza: makore gumi nemaviri kubva kune makumi maviri, varume ava vakashinga vanobva kumativi avo ekumusoro vachiwanda, vachienda kure. Zvinoshuva kuti makomo kana nzizi hazvisi izvozvi zvisikwa zvipenyu kubva mumarimu. Mhosva dzaionekwa apo mhuka dzaive dzakanyongedzerwa mumabhazi ehove, izvo pasi pehutachiona hwaisagona kumira ndokuenda pasi.

Kurwisana kwakadaro kunokonzera kukanganisa kukuru kune zvekurima, nokuti vaduku vashoma vanodya chido chakashata, vachidya zvose vari munzira yavo! Nenzira yakanaka, kutonhora kwemamiriro ekunze uye kuvapo kwevamwe vavengi dzimwe nguva kuderedza nhamba yemakonzo aya. Panguva ino, munhu anokwanisa kuona kufa kwemafuti: nyika yakazara nezviuru zvemakiromita emitumbi yavo.

Ava vane ushingi!

Mhemberero, tsanangudzo uye kudya kunovaka muviri mumutsara watakakurukura munyaya yechinyorwa chino, ndeyechokwadi vakashinga! Somuenzaniso, zvakakosha kune mumwe munhu asingazivi kuti ave pedyo ne lemming mink, sezvo iyo yekupedzisira inokurumidza kusvetuka kunze, inomuka pamakumbo emakumbo, inopera, ichitsvaira uye inoedza nenzira dzose kumuruma. Muzvizhinji, zvisikwa izvi zvinorwisa chero mukana. Uyezve, mazamu haatombotambudziki nekuti muvengi angave akawandisa kakawanda kupfuura mina menzi iye pachake! Kakawanda kunotamba navo nechisimba chinonzi joke: vanova chikafu chembwa dzomusango nemakati.