UN History of Creation uye Structure

The United Nations sezvo nehurongwa rakavapo pamusoro yakareba zvakakwana nguva. Kwakabva UN vakatanga kudzokera anodarika zana apfuura. It akasikwa ari nomazviri chinobudirira kurapa munyika vomunharaunda. Nhoroondo UN aiva nzendo chisikwa.

Yokutanga Inter-ehurumende uye dzakawanda masangano kutora chimiro nepakati namapfumbamwe remakore. Fani iyi kwakakonzerwa paumbwe mushure nokumukirana pamusoro inoti kutsvaka rusununguko, uyewo Kubudirira musayenzi uye kwesayenzi kukura, izvo zvakaita kuti ukama States. Nhoroondo UN zvakasikwa dzinongoita pakutsvaga izvi zvinhu.

Kusangana pezvakaitwa makatanga kupinda mukati upfumi kupfuura dzakabudirira muEurope. Panyaya iyi, uye paiva chitsva muchimiro Inter-ehurumende ukama sezvo masangano neIntergovernmental zvakadaro.

The UN ine nhoroondo Puzzles zhinji. Vazhinji mibvunzo pamusoro wayo chitarisiko kusvikira nhasi vanoramba nharo. Nhoroondo remakore rechimakumi maviri akatanga hondo, kusanganisira mbiri nyika. Izvi zvakaita kuti chido kunyika kusika sangano renyika haasi ezvoupfumi, uye zvematongerwo wezwi kuitira kudzivisa zvichibvira hondo ramangwana. Nekubatwa zano rokutanga akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze paunotanga kusika League of Nations (1919). Zvisinei, izvozvo akakundikana kuratidza kubudirira kwayo. Izvi zvaiva pachena kubva pakutanga Second World War. hondo iyi akapa simba zvakasimbisa kutanga evoruzhinji uye hurumende iri sangano yokuchengeteka norugare.

Vachiri gakava ndiani wokutanga vatsigiri akaita zvakataurwa pamusoro pokugadzwa United Nations. Nhoroondo UN zvakasikwa kubva nemaonero kuWestern dzekare yakatanga Atlantic Charter, Roosevelt uye Churchill, rakanga yakasainwa muna 1941, musi 14 Nyamavhuvhu. Masayendisiti Soviet kodzero kureva Gwaro ichi chive Soviet-Polish kuzivisa 1941 musi December 4.

Hakuna kusawirirana panyaya chii pechikuva kukosha pakusikwa United Nations akatanga muna 1943. On October 30 chete gore, rondedzero wacho wakasainwa vamiririri USA, USSR, China uye muUK. The Declaration akadanidzira kuziva kudikanwa kumisa Kazhinji dzakawanda sangano, ane Vavariro iri kuramba kuchengeteka uye norugare pose. The Declaration pamusoro kuenzana vemarudzi ose vanoda rugare uye avo orudyi kubatanidzwa pakusikwa International Union nyika.

Chisarudzo chaizvo kusimbisa United Nations chakaitwa panguva Yalta Conference muna Crimea, vatungamiri Anti-Hitler kaolitsiya. Rakanga chasainwa Iosif Stalin, Franklin Roosevelt uye Winston Churchill. Yakanga pamusangano uyu, iyo yakaitirwa 4-11 February 1945 vakanga akagadzira dzinokosha dzeUN mabasa, vakatsunga ayo mamiriro uye mabasa.

Nhoroondo UN zvakasikwa uye mamiriro kwakashanda zvishoma nezvishoma. Nechekare pasi UN Charter akasimbisa dzinokosha zvomukati muviri nyika. Ndiye General Assembly, iyo Trusteeship Council, iyo Security Council, iyo Secretariat uye International Court of Justice, Economic uye Social Council.

Mukuwedzera, bumbiro kubvumirwa pamwe mvumo kuna General Assembly kumisa mamwe sangano kuzvidzora akakwanisa. Pasi chinhu ichi, kuti Security Council pave anochengetedza runyararo simba.

Muna April 1945, San Francisco waiitwa UN musangano kuva chata. Izvi akapindwa vaibva kunyika 50. Pamutemo, iri gwaro vakapinda simba October 24, 1945, saka musi uyu anonzi zuva rokuberekwa weUnited Nations.

Kubvira muna 1946, zvakanga inoshanda muviri unokosha - the UNESCO (World Organization yeUnited Nations panyaya nemasayendisiti, tsika uye dzidzo), iro riri mu Paris.

Muna 1948, General Assembly rakagamuchira Universal Declaration of Human Rights, dzakanga chinyatsotsanangurwa zvose kodzero vose, kusanganisira kodzero kuti upenyu, rusununguko, omene, private pfuma, uye zvichingodaro.

Muna 1948 UN akasika rinokosha basa kuti kudzivirira mhuka pangozi uye zvinomera, izvo nhoroondo Red Book yakatanga.

Nhasi, UN yaisanganisira munyika 192.