Tunguska Reserve: mapikicha, neshamwari, kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka

Redu kunoshamisa uye tiri kurarama mairi, ndivo vagari vakwanise dzidzo - Galaxy. Uyewo, hweGwara Way iri chinotokurudzira zvikuru pose, uye zvachose nomutorwa nyika yevanhu. Ndicho nerima uye chando nzvimbo. Munhu pasina chinokosha zvombo yaisazoraramika Vacuum hakuiti kurarama, asi yepasi pose zvakasiyana miviri, zvakadai nyeredzi, mapuraneti, asteroids uye comets mu pezvakasikwa zvikuru unodziya. Murima uye runyararo pakufamba ibwe namatombo chando, asi dzimwe nguva nzira dzavo kuyambukira nevhu. vakakokwa izvi dzakatobvuma akashanyira redu. Last kushanya akashandura rufu dinosaurs uye mufundisi Climate change.

muenzi yokudenga

Cool zhizha mangwanani muna 1908 vagari taiga namagariro kuonekwa kudenga chihombe inopenya bhora achibhururuka ari kumhanya. Akabva akanyangarika shure misoro yemiti, uye nguva dzose vakabatikana musha vanhu vaite bhizimisi senguva dzose. Asi hafu yeawa Kwapera chaipofomadza nokupenya dzakavhenekera kumativi ose, uye gare gare pakanga pakuputika zvinotyisa. Windows akarasikirwa magirazi, nyika ikadengenyeka, uye makore ndokuva ropa-tsvuku. Saka welcome earthlings kunozivikanwa meteorite, zvisaririra zvacho vaakawana munzvimbo renguva inoyerera rwizi pamaware Tunguska. Ichi chiitiko inoshamisa vachiri excites pfungwa nevatsvakurudzi uye iyi. Nei inoshamisa, kumbira uninitiated? Hongu, nokuti meteorite, pamwe, uye mwena, izvo zvinofanira kuwanika kwokuputsika nzvimbo yakakura (by kuputika) chinhu hakusati kuwanikwa zvichigere.

zvisingaperi pfungwa

Mushure monstrous kuputika nyanzvi azorodzwa. Chokwadi ndechokuti mazuva anoverengeka vari Europe akaona kufungira chiedza usiku uye sirivha mumumvuri makore masikati. Naizvozvo, kana chiitiko chakaitika, uye nyika yedu yakafanana, mufaro dzakayerera masayendisiti mweya. The inotevera hunoshamisa nyaya yaiva nzvimbo kuwa chinhu. Zvaiva pachena kuti kutsvaka yaifanira mudondo asi kupi? Ndiyo nzvimbo yakakura. Strange, asi pakutanga remakore rechi20 haana, kuti akariisa mashoko ano, vanoita kuda mari iri kutsvaka nokuda meteorite, kana chii asara nayo. Nepo masayendisiti vakanga achingopiwa vachipikisana rezvapupu. Yakanga chete pashure pemakore 13 akanga akaronga rwendo kuti akawana mwena hakusi, sezvo kwacho hombe-pamwero kuputika. Takawana kuti muviri vokudenga paiva kuputika ari nekukwirira 5 kusvika 15 km pamusoro penyika, pakati akaturikidzana zvomumhepo, uye simba rakanga rakaenzana detonation pakati hydrogen bhomba. Kubudirira kukuru kwave kuti paiva dambudziko iri zvachose isingagarwi nzvimbo, zvimwe yokusagadzikana rungadai zvisingabviri kudzivisa.

Hypotheses pamusoro izvo zvomuchadenga muviri wakashanyira mumhepo yedu tiri rakakura. Asi ndizvo wechikoro:

• meteorite;
• kometi;
• Mutorwa chikepe.

Chinonyanya anobata shanduro ndiyo prishelitsa chando. Pashure kuputika pasi esimbi inclusions zvakawanikwa uchapupu nyasha pfungwa iyi. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti muaizi sezvainonyauswa mumhepo, uye zvishoma mari nezvimwe zvinhu kwakadonha padenga pechiso nyika. Exotic shanduro womutorwa chikepe, izvo raputika pamberi asvika pasi, zvakare, ane kodzero iripo.

Chero zvakanga, asi zvakaenzana asinganzwisisiki nhoroondo uye yakanaka dzinongoitika maonero nguva dzose vade vashanyi kuti kuchengeterwa "Tunguska".

isingachinji kumucheto

Krasnoyarsk Territory, muna Evenki zvionera Area, yakasiyana nharaunda dzinenge 300 000 hectares, iro sangano State Natural Reserve "Tunguska". kusiyana nhema dzayo kwete runako, asiwo chokuita "meteorite" nhoroondo, vakakurudzira panguva yose.

Tunguska Natural Reserve inosanganisira husingakuvadzi kuzivana nomurume enyika hwokufananidzira biocoenosis, picturesque nharaunda, pristine nzizi uye madhamu. The zita rinobva chaivo paka yorwizi unomhanya muganhu wokumaodzanyemba akadzivirira nzvimbo. Inonzi pamaware Tunguska.

renyaya

Kubva vagari vomumusha Vanarava, riri pedo nenzvimbo akwegura tsaona, akanzwa runyerekupe, akava yezvechitendero kuti vatorwa anomalies uye zvinoratidza vakachengeta munharaunda kuputika. Vakawana anonzi Holy Grail, nguva refu zvirwere upenyu uye anoporesa chisingarapiki. Kwete Krasnoyarsk nharaunda, asi nyika yose vakakatyamadzwa nyaya murume akati kwebhokisi iri vakauya ake makuru-sekuru pakundopambara kuti nzvimbo ine meteorite. muzukuru wake akararama kwemakore anopfuura zana uye vakapfuura nyaya muzukuruchibvi, vachiti vakadya uye vakanwa kubva mukombe, saka akararama yakareba kudaro. Muzukuru chibvi havana kutenda kare, kusvikira mwanasikana wake akapinda mutsaona, kutyisidzira kwake urema upenyu-refu. Paakatanga kushandisa kapu, zvimwe chinoshamisa nzira akapora. Yakabudiswa neZvapupu spectral Kuongorora "grail dzvene" anowana extraterrestrial mavambo ayo.

Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, zviri taiga murenje pedyo nokukurumidza kukura ari Tunguska miti, pane siyana kujairika kwavari pamberi mutation. Izvi zvinonzi anonzi kuitwa yepasi pose "mupfudze". Chero zvazvingava, vakapiwa inoshamisa uye akapfuma nhoroondo panzvimbo ino uye yaro hunoshamisa runako zvakadaro, hazvishamisi nei vanhu vanoda kushanyira hunhu kuchengeterwa "Tunguska".

Taiga nzvimbo

Low nenzvimbo dzakakwirira, vakakamurwa rwizi mugero, cône serin'i zvikomo uye mesas, yokusvika nekukwirira 300 metres - kuti chinhu zvachose serakavakwa reserved nzvimbo pedyo Tunguska. The yakakwirira kuchengeterwa - Lakursky muhomba, kukwirira kwayo kuri 533 M Next nenzvimbo yepasi pose dambudziko iri Mount Farrington, wechipiri soro rwenze .. Pakati zvikomo vakarasika Creek Churgim dzichiumbwa gumi-mita mapopoma. The Nzvimbo iri nzvimbo pakati Hushmy uye Kimchi nomumachakwi zvikuru.

Nevhu ari mamiriro paka kana podzolic nomumachakwi, zvichienderana nzvimbo. Munguva iyo Mesozoic, nyika iyo zvino dzimba Reserve "Tunguska" iri Krasnoyarsk nharaunda, zvakanga rakakurumbira nokuda simba kuputika basa, sezvinoratidzwa vakawanda Geological kuferefeta uye yezvakaita mamiriro enzvimbo. Park Center iri rakakura, yekare kuputika mwena. Kuchengetwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvokudya chisimba kuputika basa, zvakadai basaltic matombo. Glacier, ndokuwarira mhiri nyika munguva dzekare, haana kusvika dzakachengetedzwa nzvimbo. Asi yakaoma chando chakakonzera kuti chinokosha nechando ivhu.

okunze zvinhu

Tunguska Russia kuchengetera dzakasiyana Continental okunze mhando Naizvozvo zvinokosha amplitude yacho tembiricha. Avhareji yegore negore tembiricha zviratidzi kuruoko kumativi 6 madhigirii pazasi razero. zhizha ekunze anova dzisinganayi, neavhareji wepagore kunonaya shoma kunayisa. The mwedzi chete umo hapana chando - zviri July. The tembiricha Ingasiyana kubva 17 kusvika 30 Celsius. Pasinei mumwaka, zhizha kuzhinji kunonaya chisingazivi nokutarisira zvisikwa kuchengeterwa mumwedzi yasara. Zvinomera nguva rinovapo hapana mazuva anopfuura 120 pagore.

Zviri pamucheto nehasha asi akanaka uye nevamwe. Nevhu vari kazhinji rakadzika Ndinoda nokuda shoma chando, uye kuvapo vanopfuura 250 mazuva inotonhora. Winters vari zvikuru kwazvo pamwe mhepo uye zvikuru yakakwirira tembiricha iri -60 inegumi. Apo neapo ratinoona fronts kuuya chifukidzo chando.

Plants Natural Park

Reserve "Tungussky" akafukidzwa nemasango uye AZHUTHA, nemiti uye hwemvura uswa, matombo materu uye Mafuro, machakwi nzvimbo. Central eSiberia Maruva kusiyana kuri nokuda nuances ose zoning. Nzvimbo yepanyama paka ndechokuti riri pakati kumaodzanyemba, Angara nemipaini mumasango, uye kuchamhembe, vachiwaridza Lower Tunguska. Hybridization yokuvamba nekuda ichi nenzvimbo chinzvimbo, anosika nemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu kukura chirimwa mapoka matsva. Masango, iyo vakawanda vari kuchengeterwa, hunoumbwa vakaberekwa nemipaini uye Siberian larch. Mumasango uye makwenzi broadleaf zvakajairika Birch, alder. In coniferous masango hunodzorwa spruce uye emisidhari. Cover ine mosses, lichens nguva nenguva uye michero: cranberries uye blueberries. The marshes, spruce AZHUTHA kukura cranberries, petsanga. On matombo mawere ichiibvira rosehips, Sakhalin razibheri, dema the currant.

Nokuti masayendisiti, zvipenyu munharaunda kuzvivaraidza nzvimbo anopa zvakawanda munda webasa: zhinji mhando rwakaiswa pangozi, pane 9 endemic mhando zvinomera, siyana zvinoera.

Ikoko, musi asingazivikanwi nzira: a akadzivirirwa fauna of

Nokuti munhu anoshanyira ari Tunguska Reserve, kasvisto uye fauna of - chinokosha yokukosha kunaka mufambi yokutanga. Sezvo vachiti, vaya vane meso asi uone. Zvechokwadi, munhu anogona kuona zvinopfuura 30 mhando mhuka mupaki. Kwete pakarepo uye pakarepo, chokwadi. Izvi ndizvo refu uye zvakaoma. Asi kushivirira achapiwa mubayiro: pano kurarama Stony, nondo, Chipmunks netsuro. Uyewo, pane mamwe marudzi muskrats, moles Altai. Pazvikara hunodzorwa shava mabheya, Sable, mhumhi. Makava, weasels, mink kuitikawo, asi Kazhinji. Dzimwe totaura kushanyira yokuSpain, otter swims. Recreational dzine zvikuru ine madzvinyu uye nyoka.

Kana shiri vaigara mumumvuri taiga utsinye miti, dambudziko iri riri havaratidzi kunzwisisa. Anofungidzirwa, munharaunda Reserve pane anenge 100 eshiri, uye ivo hadzishandi rora munzvimbo idzi. Waterfowl vanomirirwa miitiro duck, goldeneye uye merganser. Kune swans, terns uye rwizi gulls.

Shiri kuzivisa vemo nzvimbo mavhoti avo. Goshawk anofarira kugara muna Chamba Basin. Noruvangu anoda sango pedyo pamaware Tunguska. Dzimwe nguva pane norukodzi uye mafungu-makumbo marefu gora. Iva nechokwadi kuchengetera unogona kusangana capercaillie nezizi. Reserve "Tunguska" anopa konzati kuteerera neGwenhure Red-uye waxwings, ona kutiza segondo zizi, gondo kana yendarama chapungu. Kupfuura zvimwe zvenhando eshiri vanogona kufungisisa rarira, iyo zvakasiyana-siyana zvikuru paki. Shiri dzakawanda dziri sezvo pangozi.

Sisters pamaware Tunguska

Tunguska Reserve mifananidzo iyo zvinofadza ziso, iri zvapararira nenzizi. Vose vari mutero kubva dzine mabwe Tunguska River, iri mumudziyo chiri yakasiyana nedzimwe dzinongoitika paki. Marshy Chamba ane whirlpools zhinji ngozi uye floodplain madhamu. Muzhizha rwizi dzisinganyudze. Hushma - anokurumidza, gomo rwizi, takapoteredzwa mawere. Regedzeka siyana rwizi Kimchi rakadzika, yakachena gungwa Cheko. Zvinovaka muviri zvokudya Tungus nzizi echando uye mvura. chikamu chiduku mvura chete iri kukasawedzerwa nevanhu pachivande dzenzvimbo. Nokuti pamaware Tunguska River bheseni kunoratidzwa yakakwirira mvura vhoriyamu uye Ndinoda-up.

pakutengeserana Great

For vashanyi, dzinonakidza zvakagadzirirwa, multidirectional migwagwa:

• 2 vakavhengana: kusvika mazuva 12, pamwe kutora chikamu boka revanhu vanenge 15;
• musango: zvikuru yakakurumbira, zvichiita kuti nzvimbo akwegura tsaona, kuunganidzwa mapoka anosvika 15 vanhu;
• Water: kubva mumusha Vanavara boka anoenda musasa 8 mazuva;
• mhepo: panzvimbo kuputika ane meteorite, vashanyi dziri yaitakurwa neherikoputa.

Kufamba nzira rakagadzirirwa boka kuti wakagadzirirwa zvakakwana panyama, sezvo vanopfuura kuti 87? Km kuti mutsaona yacho. Chinhu chakanakisisa kukurira nzira ichi mumwedzi yezhizha.

Mixed migwagwa kufamba dzinosanganisira Rafting pamusoro magwa yemapuranga kana nzvimbo nekutumirwa kwemauto zabrosku neherikoputa. For mishandirapamwe izvi, unofanira kuva ruzivo vachifamba ane mutoro remvura uye alloys.

Water nzira yakarongwa mukupera chitubu, chokuita nokufamba nezvikepe pamusoro Tunguska yayo dzisimbe.

Helicopter nzira kunosanganisira achiwana pasi, achifamba rwendo, aine kushanya kumakomo, uye mudzokere kusvika chekubva nomumhepo.

Tourist ruzivo

Where Reserve "Tunguska" ndiko, neshamwari - ruzivo, kunyanya kufarira zvevashanyi. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti nzvimbo, kureva, kusvikira kugarwa Vanavara, ingasvikwa bedzi mhepo, iyo nhunzi katatu pavhiki kubva Krasnoyarsk.

Kusvika, musafunganya pamusoro pekugara uye kukurukurirana: mumusha dzatangwa ano cellular kwezvivako, pane mbiri hotera zvakanaka-akagadzwa. Kune zvitoro ano uye Eenhede establishments.

Kana boka revashanyi anosvika, Mashizha Reserve kutarisira kusangana vanhu panhandare yendege. tsvimbo The noushamwari dzinotungamirirwa wekambani, Lyudmila Logunova, achaita zvose zvinogoneka kusarudza optimum nzira uye nechokwadi kunyaradzwa vaenzi chengetedza. Telephone: +7 (39177) 2-27-59.