Tikaisa unganidza - remangwana munyika!

On pfungwa "rinopfungaira" zvingasanganisira zvose midziyo zviumbu zvinobatanidzwa mukugadzirisa uye mutakurwi motokari pamusoro pengarava Network. Rolling Railways zvinosanganisira siyana Mapato ngoro, locomotives. Zvinonzi yakakamurwa pamusoro Zvinoumba rinokosha chinangwa, mutakurwi uye mitoro chitima motokari iri tsaru.

Unogonawo kuunza zvinotevera kupatsanura pakati SS:

• Traction: locomotives (dzemagetsi locomotives, locomotives, Diesel locomotives).
• Kwete kuzvidzora propelled: motokari (platforms, akazaruka ngoro, zviyo vatakuri, matangi, etc.).
• Motor-motokari: pachivande, dzemagetsi zvitima, railcars.
• The Zvinoumba chaiwo. chinangwa: muchina kuti dzinobuda, railcar.

The creators of vaiona chokufambisa zvino muchina-kuvaka emakambani renyika uye kunze, lokomotivostroitelnye uye motokari-kuvaka zvinomera, simbi zvigayo.

Motokari yokutanga muRussia vakatanga kubudisa pakati ramakore rechi18. Sezvo yakazvimirira maindasitiri kwemauto, njanji motokari iri dzinounzwa kuna pakati 40s ramakore rechi18. Nepo kuvakwa kuchiteshi hunde mugwagwa kubva kuMoscow St. Petersburg, uye kuti ndiko kuvaka motokari nokuti mugwagwa mukuru Alexandrovsky foundry-zvokuimba chirimwa oga muna Leningrad.

The chikuru chepfungwa njanji panguva iyoyo yaiva yokuti tikaisa wemari akanga zvakawanda rakagadzirirwa vanhu chokufambisa. Akavaka, sezvinoita mutemo, mutakurwi motokari, vachimhanya vari kugadzwa Suburban. Havana kuva zvimbuzi, makabhati uye kunyange mibhedha, Inokwana chete.

motokari yokutanga vakanga maviri ekisero, pepuranga uye muviri zvakaitwa namatanda. kubatana kwavo aiva cheni. Tikaisa unganidza nokuti mutakurwi chokufambisa panguva iyoyo yakasiyana aripo.

Akatevera anotikurudzira kuti kukura kuchiteshi zvekutepfenyura razova Russia achichinja kubva feudalism kuti capitalism kuburikidza zvinhu muna 1861. Kubva 1863 akatanga Kugadzirwa motokari vachishandisa biaxial marongerwo.

Muna 1859, panguva Alexandrovsky chirimwa akazviratidza akafanana ano Gondola - pachena wenhumbi, uye porohovoz uye motokari kuti zvinoputika.

Panguva iyoyowo, nokuda vaifanira kutama zvinoora zvinhu (zvokudya, zvikurukuru), izvozvo akazviratidza isothermal tikaisa unganidza.

Muna 1875 nayo yakabudisa mutemo waibvumira kuBazi Railways (dzimwe nhengo dzeParamende), izvo akataura zvokuparadza ose akafukidzwa ngoro mumwechete mhando kuti musiyano wezvinyorwa "chakaipa kadikidiki" (6400 * 2743 mm). Izvi zvinosiyana kukura muchiuto michina uye vanobudisa chokufambisa wamapoka.

Sezvo yechipiri yezana 90s. pane kuwedzera mune maindasitiri kugadzira, zvichiguma nokuwedzera kuvakwa njanji achifinyamisa kuwana utsanzi. Kuwedzera Kudiwa ngoro kuti ngoro zvakawanda. Kugadzirwa kwakadaro kwakawedzera zvikuru.

Muna 1880, pedyo nomusha Big Mytischi akatanga kuvaka Mytishchi chekufambisa Works.

Muna 1896, basa rokuvaka rakatanga musi pakuvaka Upper fekitari motokari.

Muna 1897, iye yazova fekitari motokari-Kuvakira pagadzirwe mumabhokisi zvombo, munda dzekubikira uye tropicbirds.

Uye sezvo yakakura nyika yakabuda zvinomera nechinangwa chimwe chete - kusika akakwana tikaisa kudanda, anokwanisa kugutsa zvinodiwa neHurumende chokufambisa.

Pari uwandu nengoro uye locomotives anganzi zvakakwanira nyika, asi nomusi hwokugadzira mamiriro avo anofanira zvakanaka kufunga pamusoro. Happy mumwe: kuvakwa mabikirwo kubva yatanga mhando iyi haana kuvhiringidzwa chero gore.