The salinity kweGungwa Dzvuku. Chii anotsanangura yakakwirira salinity Gungwa Dzvuku

Nyanza inoremekedzwa 2/3 pakati pemvura redu. Zvinonzi kuzivikanwa, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, unowedzera salinity kwemvura. zvazvingava Izvi zvinoenderana zviri muna 1 kg emura solutes. Kune zvinopfuura 50. It runoratidzwa zvikamu miriyoni (‰) pa. Ndiwo chegumi chimwe muzana.

Paavhareji gungwa pamusoro salinity ndiyo 32-37 ‰. Kana ukawira zvakadzama kupinda dzinogarisana zvakawanda zvipenyu, chakarurama ichi inogona wakaiswa pachiyero 34-35 ‰. Asi kwete mumakungwa zvose vakaudza chete pamwero rakashuma nenhamba. значительно превышает этот уровень. The salinity kweGungwa Dzvuku kwakakwirira zvikuru kupfuura izvi pamwero. Fani iyi, pane tsanangudzo dzakawanda. On pavo achava kufarira kuziva wose.

tsananguro

Exploring dingindira dzaitaurwa wokutanga nzvimbo vanofanira kurangarira apo Gungwa Dzvuku iri panyika mepu. Dam ichi riri pakati muArabhiya Peninsula uye Africa. Kureba kubva kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva kusvikira kuchamhembe-kumavirira uri 1932? Km. Sea upamhi akaenzana 280? Km. Nzvimbo Red Sea ari 460 zviuru ba. Km.

Paavhareji udzamu kunotemwa pachiyero 437 metres uye gobvu pfungwa rinosvika 3039 m. Icho gungwa ndohwaJehovha Indian Ocean, izvo hwakabatana nokuda rakamanikana akakamanikana pamusoro Bab El Mandeb. In kuchamhembe pane shoko kuburikidza ari neSuez Canal kusvikira kuGungwa reMediterranean.

Upamhi gungwa mugero kutaurirana pamwe Indian Ocean iduku kwazvo (chete anenge 26-120 km). Naizvozvo mwoyo, uko kunomiririrwa gungwa, anonzi zvikuru yoga mudziva. Gungwa Dzvuku anonzi mumwe gotwe.

pasi gandiwa

, также следует уделить внимание его рельефу. Kufunga Gungwa Dzvuku pamepu yenyika, uyewo zvinofanira kuteerera kuzorodzwa ake. Pasherufu anomira zvakajeka pano. Yakafara kunowedzera kubva kuchamhembe kusvikira kumaodzanyemba. Pamusangano kudzika 120-200 mamita pasherefu anova pamawere materu Musara yakaoma. Ndiro huru mutserendende. It riri kudzika 500 kusvika 2000? Km.

Underwater kwakaita nzvimbo yacho nezvi- neeSultan mugomo, anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri uye nzendo dziri dzakatevedzana. Maererano mhango akabatana inopfuura rakamanikana rakadzika vagadzirisane. Izvi axial mutserendende. Mune 60s nechepakati mugove waro (kudzama zvuru zviviri. Km), masayendisiti brines akawanda zvakadzama akazarurwa. sezvamunoita ravo nemamwe.

Mufushwa aizoguma pasi pemvura tectonic basa. In dzinopfuura 15 in axial muchimwiro ikozvino rwawana pemvura chicherwa matsime ane salinity dzinopfuura 250 ‰. Chokwadi ichi ane zvimwe rokuchinja murwiyo Dzvuku.

dziva Climate

. Emandiriri mamiriro ekunze kuva nezvahunoita pamusoro Red Sea salinity. It riri dziri inopisa. Naizvozvo, pane kukunda mukuru mhepo tembiricha, izvo kunoenderana nemwaka.

Over kuchamhembe chikamu zvishoma kutonhora. In yechando pano Avharenji +15 ° C uye muzhizha - +27 ° C. In rwezasi, panguva imwe chete, nhamba iyi inokwira kusvika +20 ° C Sunrise muna January uye +32 ° C muna August.

Kunonaya pamusoro pegungwa anganzi pasi. Nhamba iyi hazvirevi kupfuudza mm 50 pagore. Mvura kunyanya rakaitirwa muchimiro inopfunha. Huwandu kwemvura pagore anenge 200 mm. yakakwirira zvakadaro kwemvura mvura ndeimwe chinokosha kuwedzera salinity.

Dutu mubasa iri nani pasi. It anowedzera muchando. Kazhinji madutu kuitika kuchamhembe chikamu dura.

Water Exchange uye gidrotsirkulyatsiya

, стоит уделить внимание его водообмену. Kudzidza, iro rinotsanangura yakakwirira salinity yokuGungwa Dzvuku, zvakakodzera teererai ayo mvura exchange. chinhu ichi anotsanangurawo rakawedzera nenhanho salinity. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti muGungwa Dzvuku risingatauri kuwira chero rwizi. Water Exchange kunoitika chete achishandisa kutaurirana rayo Indian Ocean uye Gungwa reMediterranean.

Kuburikidza Bab-eri-Mandeb anogamuchira vanenge 1-1,3 zviuru. Km. bv. mvura. Izvi kupfuura uwandu mvura kusiya kuburikidza Aden bay. Vakasara pamusoro kwemvura iri rakadini. Uyewo, mvura vanoumba kunaka ukoshi Freshwater mwero.

Uyu namahwindo chivako, iyo yakavakirwa kudyidzana pamwe mhepo kwendangariro. Wind pave zhizha nechando mvura kufamba kweropa. Izviwo, anosarudza zvinhu nokuda kutambira mvura kubva Gulf Aden. vakawanda izvi zvine zvazvinoita pane okumusoro akaturikidzana mvura muviri. Nokuda ichi mamiriro ezvinhu, kuparadzira hydrological zvatariswa kuchamhembe iwayo yunifomu. In rwezasi, pane kunzwisisa maumbirwo mvura zvavo.

salinity

объясняется происходящими в нем процессами. Water salinity kuparadzirwa Gungwa Dzvuku imhaka pezvakaitwa kuitika mairi. Kumaodzanyemba nokuda gidroobmenym pezvakaitwa mufananidzo uyu repasi - 36 ‰. Asi ari kuchamhembe kunzvimbo kwayo kunosvika 42 ‰.

Gulf of Aden Mvura inodziya uye zvishoma wakawanda. Vanotanga muimba akaturikidzana zasi kuchamhembe. In yechando, vanosangana neboka Gungwa Dzvuku waitonhora uye wakawanda mvura.

Mugore zvenguva mvura rukoko ari kudzika 200-500 mamita anotsanangurwa nekaupenyu kuramba parameters ose salinity uye tembiricha. Vose vari kuchamhembe uye kumaodzanyemba, nhamba 40-40,5 ‰.

Deep rukoko achiumbwa nedanho convective inofamba kwemvura zvavo. Zvinonzi atsunga pachiyero 500. zvichidzika. Pano, tembiricha mvura yakakwirira zvikuru. Zvasvikira +22 ° C uye salinity vakaenzana 40 ‰. Deep vakawanda vanotama mune southerly negwara. chicherwa brines anotsanangurwa mu akaturikidzana izvi. Impact avo mvura akaturikidzana kunge akadzidza zvishoma.

convective vaiitawo

меняется в результате остывания и нагревания масс в зимний и летний период. The arambe achirema mvura muGungwa Dzvuku anochinja somugumisiro kutonhora uye kudziyisa chevanhu vakawanda munguva yechando uye chirimo. Uku kunonzi convective inofamba. The nenharo mvura ine yakaderera arambe achirema. It achisimuka, displacing unotonhorera uye gobvu guru zvakadzama.

Izvi zviri pamwe Nokusanganisa zvakanaka mvura mugungwa. Anenge zvachose pakadzika uye salinity munzvimbo inozivikanwa zvakafanana. Underwater tectonic zvikanganiso voga mukudzika kwegungwa unodziyirwa uye wakawanda hova. Naizvozvo, muviri mvura neshungu nechepasi zvikamu. Izvi zvinobatsira kuti convective vaiitawo zvavo.

Pamusoro apa zvinhu inopiwa mvura mamiriro tsanangura sei paGungwa Dzvuku ndiyo wakawanda ose enyika yomugungwa mvura.

Nei mvura wakawanda?

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, yakadzika mvura unoratidza chepamusorosoro salinity yokuGungwa Dzvuku (somunhu chikamu zvavo aya 75 zvidimbu zvachose dura vhoriyamu). Uyu kumbonyanya yakakwirira zvazvingava. Mukupfupikisa, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa zvikonzero zvinoverengeka nokuda chiitiko ichi.

Kusimuka kwemvura kubva pemvura nokuda guru nzvimbo regungwa, asi guru. Muchiitiko chino, munyu uye nezvimwe zvinhu zvine maatomu akafanana varambe panzvimbo. Muchadenga anowana mvura chete yakachena. Inopisa hunowedzerawo kwemvura.

Nokuda kwokushaya nzizi inoyerera mugungwa, uyewo kushaya kutaurirana nevamwe mitumbi mvura munyanza, desalination kunoratidzwa zvakaipa chakarurama.

Huwandu kunayisa muGungwa Dzvuku yakaderera chaizvo. Naizvozvo, vasanaiwa nemvura anogonawo desalinate mvura makore.

Sei salinity kwemvura

уникальна. Red Sea mvura rakasiyana. Nokuda kusavapo kwazvo madutu, mvura, rwizi runoyerera nayo kunoratidzwa kumusoro pachena. Her yebhuruu Hue inopenya chinokwezva siyana kubva munyika yose.

Kusiyana Rakafa, izere upenyu. A yakawanda hove, dzemugungwa, algae uye korari kunge dzakashandisa mamiriro akadaro. Kusiyana kwemarudzi muGungwa Dzvuku riri guru kwazvo.

Kunyanya okunze kubvumira gungwa dzinenge nguva dzose kuchengetedza kugara mvura tembiricha uye salinity. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvipenyu kutanga mvura iyi.

Maberere ramangwana

в ближайшее время снижаться не будет, а вот повышаться со временем может. The salinity kweGungwa Dzvuku haangatenderi kuderera mune ramangwana, asi kuwedzera kungava yakafanira. Izvi anononoka chaizvo. Kuwedzera kune inokosha okunze uye nzvimbo ezvinhu, izvi hazvisati zvave sei tectonic zvikanganiso.

Scuba siyana nokuburuka kupinda Dzvuku pakadzika. Dzawanikwa, sezvo pamusoro apa, mufushwa. tembiricha kwavo kugara achisimuka 0.3-0.7 ° C pagore. Basa yezvikanganiso izvi inowedzerwa. Gungwa Dzvuku haisi chete dzakawedzerwa nemashoko aya chicherwa matsime. It anogamuchira mvura akapfuma chero zvinhu. Zvinokurudzira chinoenderera, kunyange zvishomanana, kuwedzera salinity. Kunyange zvazvo akanga asina chakonzerwa pamusoro zvomugungwa. It pagore chinokwezva zviuru zvevashanyi pasi pose.

такая высокая. Pashure pokufungisisa pamusoro apa, tinogona kunzwisisa kuti nei salinity yokuGungwa Dzvuku kuti mukuru. Shandirai chikonzero ne zvinhu zvizhinji. Izvi zvinoita akapa rakasiyana muviri mvura.