The muchiuto chawo "Kamran", Vietnam

Munguva yacho Vietnam War, nechigadziko "Kamran" iri kumaodzanyemba kwenyika uye vakashumira sechinhu chikuru shure nokuda US masimba wengarava. mainjiniya American akavaka mukana Airport uye chiteshi itsva nekutumirwa kwemauto pamusoro warships. The Banga waiva musha mujinga rechi12 Tactical Fighter Wing, uye 483rd tactical chokufambisa USAF bapiro. Kusiyana nevamwe nyanzvi neechiuto, B-52 Ndege harimborevi kugadziriswa.

Muna 1972, kuti US vakapfuura pechingoro "Kamran" kushandisa mauto Vietnamese. April Third 1975 muguta maigara North Vietnamese nemauto. Izvi zvakaitika panguva Spring Kurwisa.

History of Russian muchiuto mujinga mu "Cam Ranh"

Kubvira pakati 60s okupedzisira remakore, Soviet Navy akatanga kuongorora kumakungwa, uye kuita basa rechiuto ikoko. Ngarava Ngarava dzepasi pemvura, ndege Soviet Air Force akagara Nokuwanda kwakaita penyanza kuti tirambe kuchengeteka mudunhu.

Kuwedzera zvikepe kufamba mugungwa, uye kushandiswa kwakapararira ndege kurwa kushandiswa aida logistic rutsigiro. Risingatsananguri nezvigadziko uyu, Main Staff of Navy vatanga kushanda umo zvinhu zvitsva kuti musha ngarava Soviet uye ndege munharaunda ushamwari Soviet Union nyika yave kuzivikanwa.

Chii chakaita kuti kufarira "Cam Ranh?"

Base "Kamran", iro yamboshandiswa US zvechiuto, rava rikwezve nokuda muchiuto Soviet Union, yayo inokosha nzvimbo uye kurerukirwa kuti nzvimbo zvikepe uye ndege.

The yakakunakira nzvimbo yacho yakaita kuti kudzora Malay uye Singapore Kwazvo, achiita basa mumunda redhiyo ushori, nhungamiro kuwanikwa kwePersian Gulf uye kuchamhembe Indian Ocean, South China Sea, Sea Philippine uye East Sea China.

Rinotaurawo akaisa nyika ASEAN bloc, izvo zvagara zvinowanika zviri nokukurumidza kumhanya muzvigadzirwa kukura. Vakanga guru matura mafuta pemvura, uye Mavhoriyamu vakawanda zvokuvakisa pane nzira itsva zvinhu uye mbishi zvokuvakisa zvombo.

How kuratidza yemauto Zvivako "Kamran" Photo? Base Binba apo panopinda umo kwakanyorwa, chokwadi, iri akaronga mukati Peninsula. Kusimba uye kukura Bay kuti tikwanise kuisa makirasi siyana ngarava.

Uyewo, Cam Ranh kweItari ane hombe mukana rwokuzvarwa hunhu, inoita basa rinokosha mune placement zvitsigiro. Ikoko, pane rakakura yakawanda mvura yakachena, izvo zviri yakakodzera kushandiswa.

Uyezve, vasara quays, migwagwa, uye dzimba akadzika vokuAmerica, zviri nyore kushandisa.

The kusaina of Rental chibvumirano

Mukupera 1978, Vietnam akashanyirwa nhume wevamiriri kubva Soviet Union. Raiva murayiro mukuru pakati Navy raMwari Pacific rengarava zvakanaka. The ramakumi matatu December abvumirana huru chesungano, uye ipapo akasaina dzakati, iyo yakava hwaro kwakadzama pamusoro kusikwa E & P uye nokugoverana dzaro Vietnam.

Yechipiri muna May 1979 yakanga akasaina bilateral chibvumirano chasainwa vatungamiri Soviet Union uye Vietnam. The chibvumirano taitarisira rendi-isina hwaro makore 25.

Vangani ngarava wengarava vaigona inobva?

Maererano chibvumirano, pamusoro Vietnamese muchiuto nechigadziko "Kamran" aiva nekodzero kugara: Gumi zvikepe Soviet nechikepe freeboard, Ngarava dzepasi pemvura sere chete zvinoyangarara chawo, uye midziyo matanhatu wengarava zvimwe zvinangwa.

Panhandare yendege nayo akatenderwa kuti zvirambe gumi ndege, chombo vatakuri, pfumbamwe ushori ndege uye zvitatu mhepo zvifambiso midziyo.

Zvichienderana nemauto-enyika mamiriro ezvinhu uye nokuda chibvumirano pakati Bazi Kutsigira USSR uye Vietnam INR, zvakanga aibvumirwa kuwedzera uwandu ngarava uye ndege.

Tanga okukura yendima

Naval BASE "Kamran 'mapikicha dzinoturwa pazasi, akatanga kuongorora muna May 1979. Wokutanga akaenda warships Soviet. Mugore iroro muzhizha kune Vietnamese chengarava chakasungirirwa renyukireya yepasi pemvura K-45. Nokukurumidza pasi nechigadziko, "Kamran" Aerodrome akagadzirisa ndege yacho Pacific Fleet.

Muchando 1979 anokosha akadai pasi sezvo Cam Ranh nechigadziko ane, akasvika-Chief Fleet of Soviet Union Admiral Gorshkov. Kujairirana muchiuto chivako chaiva nyaya zuva.

Chikamu Pacific Fleet uto dzaitya mujinga muna April 1980 gore. Chaiva vanhu 54. Ipapo boka rakanga awanda uye signalmen vanhu 24. Vashandi vakanga muNzvimbo Vietnamese mudzimba akwegura uye nematende.

Kubva 1983 kusvika 1991, Cam Ranh rapolagaût rechi17 dzechikwata operative kushandiswa, uye kubva August 1991 kusvika December 1991 - 8 OPESK.

Ndezvipi zvinangwa vakadzinganiswa Naval ehondo Soviet Union?

On yakanakira hondo chinhu, somunhu Russian mujinga muna Cam Ranh Bay, murayiro Navy uye hurumende yeSoviet akanga aisa zvinoverengeka mabasa.

zvinotevera zvinangwa vaizivikanwa:

• kupa magetsi kuti midziyo yose berthed ari pachiteshi "Kamran", uyewo kupa ndege zvokudya nemvura;
• kuramba chete pamwero MTS kudanda, nyaya uye kusunungura panguva unopfuura zvikepe uye kaputeni michina nerutsigiro;
• takura backhaul ngarava Pacific nharaunda uye Indian Ocean;
• kushandisa "Kamran" muzinda yendege kugoverwa Anti-ndege uye ushori ndege;
• kuramba takasimba kwezvivako kwavo;
• kukudziridza uye kuramba Russian-Vietnamese ushamwari uye pamwe.

zvinangwa Chii akwanise nokushandisa pechingoro?

Kushandiswa ichi zvemauto, somunhu nechigadziko, "Kamran" nokuti Soviet Navy akaita kuti zvive nyore kuti kugadzirisa nyaya chokuita kuona zvinodiwa reserves ngarava uye ndege, ane basa Zvingagadziriswa matambudziko kunosiyana inosiyana kunzwisisa.

"Kamran" ndiye chete uto mujinga Soviet Russia, yaiva chinhambwe 2,500 zvemakiromita kubva padyo pachiteshi yeSoviet.

"Kamran" sezvo rubatso runyararo

Base "Kamran" raiva rakakura uto chawo ari pamberi USSR kunze. Panguva iyoyowo, iye akaita somunhu counterweight kune American wengarava chawo 'Subic Bay' kuPhilippines. Izvi zvaiita kuti tichengetedze rugare nokugarika kuSoutheast Asia.

Soviet Air Force zvigadziko

Maererano nemashoko ari gore 1986, panhandare yendege mujinga "Kamran" ane vakaparadzana vakavhengana avhiyesheni hondo OSAP, kusanganisira zvinoreva anopfuura mana Tu-95, ndege mana Tu-142 mudziyo, vanenge makumi maviri ndege Tu-16, Moment dzakabatana anenge gumi nemashanu -25, vaviri nezvifambiso ndege AN-24 uye zvitatu Mi-8 neherikoputa. Mukuwedzera kutiza chehondo akanzi mujinga Anti-yepasi pemvura uye chombo zvombo.

Kuvaka ravarwi uye dzinogarwa zvivako kuVietnam

Chii chibvumirano chakanga yakasainwa pamusoro sokuronga kukosha chinhu akadai pakadarowo "Kamran" (Vietnam)? 1984 kwakaratidza chibvumirano chitsva. The chibvumirano pakati Soviet Union uye Vietnam akasaina musi April 20, kunosanganisira kuvaka Garrison nemamwe kwezvivako tichiregeredza zvadzinoshayiwa kuna Vietnam kubva Soviet Union.

Munguva kubva muna 1985 kusvika 1987, kuvakwa sangano Soviet Union "Zagrantehstroy" izvo rukvodil ES Bobrenev, akavaka 28 zvinhu zvakasiyana. Dai akavaka uye misha.

Kuwanda ravarwi panguva iyoyo yaiva vanhu vanenge 6,000, dzakakudzingai vanhu basa rokuvaka. Agreement 20 April 1984 akagovera kuchinjwa iri Vietnamese divi iri uncompensated kushandiswa.

The batch mangé zvinhu yokutanga yakavakwa muna December 1987, pashure zvakanga ivo basa ne vanachiremba muSoviet Achishandisa chisingapembedzwi risi.

Kuderedza kuvapo nemauto eSoviet nemhaka "Kamran"

Kuwanda mauto eSoviet musi zvitsigiro akatanga kusviba pakazopera 1980. Sezvambotaurwa munyaya yacho pepanhau "Pravda" musi 19 January 1990, zvinoderedza kuvapo mauto eSoviet muna Cam Ranh rakaitwa sechikamu matanho kuderedza kukura muchiuto of USSR muEast Asia uye basa evasingatombonamati kuzvidzivirira mamiriro zvePacific.

Mukupera 1989, pane kunge redeployed kuna third 23 uye Tu-16. Pakazosvika mavambo 1990 pane yokuzviparadzanisa mumwe chete inobva shanduka sezvamunoita zvinosanganisira ndege gumi.

Kubva 1992 uye 1993, "Kamrani" yaiva 119 Brigade, izvo zvinosanganisira ayo nhengo dzakasiyana ngarava uye ndege. Sezvo Mumatsutso 1993, chikwata rave chabviswa. The dzasara vakapinda pasi 922 E & P.

Mukutanga 90s pachiteshi zvivako vakawanda hwakatamisirwa Vietnamese divi iri zvachose nhaka.

Naval mujinga "Kamran" kusvikira 2002.

Zvaisanganisira kwezvivako?

Chii kwezvivako ari muridzi nokuda eSoviet uye Russian nyanzvi zvechiuto?

Tiine 90-ies uye abolition of E & P muna Cam Ranh (April 2002), Soviet, uye ipapo vanachiremba Russian vakashandisa dzinoverengeka zvinhu. Naval BASE "Kamran" (Vietnam) ane:

• boka revarwi rechiuto, izvo zvinosanganisira muzinda uye mumabharaki vashandi;
• yokudyira nokuti vanhu 250;
• bhekari,
• kugeza uye mbatya chirimwa;
• kirabhu chivakwa;
• chikoro;
• eighteen dzimba chokugara chinangwa;
• Matériel yokuchengetera zvinhu;
• zvikepe chaizvo rwokugadzira michina.

chengarava mapazi unotora:

• Tank purazi kuchengetera lubricants uye rinochiwedzera.
• Two firiji matani 279 kuchengetera zvinhu zvokudya.
• Gumi chekuchengeta zvekudya simbi Matériel.
• Two yaunodya mudziyo zvinosanganisira matsime matanhatu kupa mvura boka. Mumwe wavo kuvhiyiwa kuvinga nerubatsiro ngarava uye ndege.
• Central Diesel simba chirimwa, iro simba rakanga 24.000 KW. Yakanga yakagadzirirwa kupa magetsi vose veboka ravarwi muzvivako, uye anoramba ari SPV "Kamrani."

Kubvira 1995, uto nechigadziko yokuVietnam "Kamran" Photo kuti chinopiwa munyaya ino hunoumba nhengo dzaro zvinotevera mapoka:

• E & P utariri;
• basa zvemari;
• kutaurirana chikwata;
• avhiyesheni commandant;
• zvipfeko basa;
• chengetedzo kuchengeta huni;
• chikafu basa;
• mbatya;
• weuto;
• Department of Marine Engineering Services;
• private murindi kambani;
• Utsanana mupanda;
• moto dhipatimendi;
• munda Mahofisi;
• Naval Hospital;
• chikoro.

vanhu vangani vaigara ravarwi?

Kubva 1995 kusvika 2002 ravarwi akararama munenge 600-700 vanhu. Ndiyo yaiva shoma nhamba nyanzvi, chinangwa basa rakanga kuitira kunowanzoitika upenyu veboka ravarwi. Vakaita huru E & P zvine urongwa zvinangwa.

Tsaona pahwaro "Kamran"

"Kamran" (wengarava chawo) akava nzvimbo tsaona muna 1995. December nemiviri apo tasvika yendege muzasi yakadonha matatu Su-27 murwi kungova dzechikwata "Russian Knights". Vakadzokera kumba mhepo chokuratidza, iyo yakaitwa Malaysia.

Relations pakati Russia uye Vietnam pamusoro makore hwaro

All mabasa akadai chinokosha chinhu sezvo rechiuto mujinga muna Cam Ranh Bay, kwakaitika pave pedyo pamwe Vietnamese nyanzvi. mauto edu vakashanda ruoko muruoko pamwe IDB vezvikepe vakanga pabasa pedyo, pamusoro Peninsula.

Kuwedzera pakubatsirana dambudziko nekugadzirisa zvinangwa inokosha muchiuto, akanga yakataurawo kuti kudyidzana mune nokure tsika nemitambo. With yakunda Vietnam unosvitsa mazororo enyika. izvi zvose vakabatsira kusikwa ushamwari chadenga.

Uye chii zvino?

In February 2014 yokuRussia Defence Gurukota Sergei Shoigu yaitaura kuti Russia kuda kuwedzera kuvapo kwayo zvechiuto munyika. Panyaya iyi, kwaiva basa kwakadzama pamusoro nekutumirwa kwemauto zvivako zvechiuto yokuVietnam.

Shoigu akaona kuti ichi nechigadziko uto vanofanira wedzera Russian muchiuto ndege, rakagadzirirwa-refu dhonza ndege.

Muchirimo 2014 yendege nechigadziko "Kamran" akatanga kushandiswa mubasa Russian Il-78 iyo akapa huni-ndege refueling uto chombo vatakuri Tu-95 MS.

Kana kuti ape Russia zvizere Vietnam "Kamran"? The muchiuto pechingoro raiva pachena kuti panopindwa warships Russian. Nyaya iyi yakakurukurwa pakashanya Secretary General of Communist Party. It zvakabvumiranwa kuti Vietnam mukuru chibvumirano chichange nemasaini ramangwana.

Maererano Russian Ministry of Defense, ngarava yedu uye nemidziyo kushanda Pacific Ocean vanofanira chete kuudza Vietnamese masimba hwokupinda yavo rechiuto chengarava Cam Ranh. Chaiva chiitiko chikuru; sezvo Vietnam rava rechipiri mamiriro pashure Siriya, izvo akabvumira kuti vomurova ngarava muchiuto yeRussian Navy iri munharaunda yavo. Nyanzvi dzakawanda muchiuto yakaratidza kuti basa rinokosha vairidza uye kuti Vietnam yagara kuonekwa mudiwa Russia muna nemauto-rwokugadzira bhora.

Mumakore achangopfuura, makondirakiti vazhinji akasaina ane mari $ 4.5 billion. Muna 2014, Russia aivigirwa kuVietnam nhanhatu Diesel Ngarava dzepasi pemvura kirasi 06.361 "Warszawianka", vakashongedzerwa pamwe zvinoita zvokukandwa yakaoma Club-S. Mobile romumhenderekedzo yegungwa kunzwisisa "nhare" akamutswa, uyewo GIS "Horizon" marongedzero PBRK. Vietnam akarayira zvikepe nemauto kutaipa "Mheni", frigates patrol rwendo 11661 "Gepard-39", uyewo murwi ndege Su-30 MK2.

Ndichavamanikidza mangwana?

Zvichava achiri pamutemo akapa Russian chawo "Kamran"? Vietnam nokuda ichi ane chinzvimbo zvakawanda. Mashoma ago, hurumende yave kudzoka mauto eRussia kuna nechigadziko, yakapiwa kuti Kudyidzana hakuzovi rechiuto ngozi munyika rechitatu.

ukama nyika mbiri 'inofanira kuva chete murunyararo. nzvimbo iyi yakanga varehwa 17 May, Ambassador wenyika Vietnam munyika yedu, Nguyen Than Shon. Akacherechedza kuti Vietnamese mutemo kunobva ndechokuti hapana nokubatana uto chero mamiriro, kusiyana nomumwe.

The Wenyika akacherechedza kuti, muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, urongwa chengarava Kamrani ari panzvimbo yokutanga. Chinangwa pamwe pakati penyika mbiri zvichava urongwa zvomumvura basa kugadzirisa midziyo uye kukura emauto midziyo kuti ndichengetedze runyararo uye nokugarika yePacific mudunhu.

Nguyen Thanh Sean yaitaura kuti Hanoi anoda kuramba pamwe Russia muna nokure yokuzvidzivirira. Uyewo zvainzi kuti Vietnam akaziva kuRussia nguva dzose ave naye noushamwari.

The Defense Ministry yakataura kuti Russian nezvigadziko uto vari mukamba Cuba uye yokuVietnam. The dzakananga mashoko placement vasina kutaurwa. Yakati nekambani iri mirayiridzo iyi.

Dmitry Peskov akatsanangura mukana Achivakira munyika idzi, national zvinofarirwa nyika yedu. Peskov akatiwo kuti mamiriro ezvinhu ari munyika dzakawanda munhandare yava nerongo mumakore maviri apfuura, uye chinokosha yakabvumira kugadziriswa kwemutemo wekuita vakaitwa kuti kuchengeteka wokuti Russia.

Zvino chinhu Zvisingatarisirwi Zvinoitika. A Mazuva mashoma apfuura paiva ruzivo pamusoro chisingabviri rokuwana Russia panguva yakadai Zvivako ave nechimwe "Kamran". Vietnam akaita yakarongwa chiziviso. Izvi pakaziviswa muchina wokudhinda vazotaura muna Hanoi, Foreign Minister of Vietnam Le Hai Bình. Maererano naye, Vietnam anoramba kubvuma kunharaunda yayo pezvingoro uto dzimwe nyika, kusanganisira Russia.