The Holy Trinity Alexander Nevsky Lavra: kare, tsananguro uye maawa kushanda

Kusiyana dzemamongi zhinji, kwakaitika nzvimbo munamati, Alexander Nevsky Monastery rakaumbwa vateveri vekereke. Zita munzvimbo tsvene chokuita zviitiko zvinokosha munhoroondo Russian. Muna 1240 Grand Prince uye mutungamiri Alexander Yaroslavovich akahwina guru kukunda muhondo pamwe yeSweden ari Neva River, nekuda kwechinhu akanzi Nevsky. Gare gare somusande neChechi yeOrthodox sezvo aiva musande aive Russia.

Pari, Mutsvene Trinity Alexander Nevsky Lavra, maawa kushanda riri nyore kwazvo kuti kushanya, ane mukurumbira chaizvo nzvimbo kuti vashanyi Russian uye vatorwa.

Peter I Kutonga nguva

Pamutemo pakuvambwa musi Mutsvene Trinity Alexander Nevsky Lavra runoonekwa kuva March 25, 1713 - zuva kubatidza rokutanga womuti Church of Annunciation. Maererano zvenhoroondo dzekare, muvambi Nevsky wemamongi yaiva yakakurumbira Emperor Peter I. Ndiye muna 1702 akarayira kuvakwa kutanga munzvimbo umo Black River (zvino zita Monastyrka) runoyerera kupinda Neva. Aitungamirira kuvakwa uye urongwa Archimandrite Theodosius. Afunge zvivako zvikuru zvinobatanidzwa Domenico Trezzini - Italian mapurani uye injiniya. Mune ramangwana ngachipiwe Alexander Neva welaurel kuonekwa yose Ensemble dombo zvivako dzinongoda pakati matema uye rwizi Neva. Zimukadzimu Trezzini urongwa muupenyu yakaenderera mberi kwemakore akawanda. Panguva ino, kunze huru zvivako wemamongi, kwakaonekwa taundi duku dzimba, mapindu, stables, chigayo, mumwe smithy. Panewo chikoro chechi yakavhurwa, iyo gare gare yakashandurwa kuva pachikoro, uye gare gare kuti chikoro. Zvisaririra Aleksandra Nevskogo vakanga kwazvo hwakatamiswa kubva Vladimir guru mutsva Russia September 12, 1724 kupfurikidza nechirevo Petra Velikogo. Nhasi yeOrthodox yeRussia Church vakapemberera kusvikira ikozvino. Mukuru wavarwi akava vaichengetedza wokuRussia guru ichangogadzwa yakaitwa Zvisinei, hombe sirivha sarcophagus rakazotamisirwa panguva yaitonga Soviet Union kuti Hermitage, apo iye (pasina zvinoera) nhasi.

Russian kumwedzi

Mushure Domenico Trezzini, mukuru mapurani kwezvivako chechi yaiva Ivan Starov, izvo kunochinja zvikuru yaro chete kungwara, kuwedzera zvikuru munharaunda kuvakwa. Muna 1797 wemamongi akanga akakwidziridzwa kuti chinzvimbo Lavra. Panguva iyoyo, Trinity Alexander Nevsky Lavra (St. Petersburg) handizvo kupfuura munyika chete, asiwo mumwe vakapfuma.

kweSoviet

Munguva chimurenga, vanhu commissar kugarika A. M. Kollontay aida kutendeutsa wemamongi mumusha wevakaremara hondo yerusununguko. Boka vengarava vakanga vaenda ikoko January 19, 1918, akasangana nevanhu vakatsamwa nemhomho vomuchechi. The Bolsheviks aifanira shure. Somugumisiro, paiva kuti kurega mari chechi kubva nehurumende bhajeti. The apogee yezvakaitika izvi raiva chirevo pamusoro kuparadzana chechi uye mamiriro. Muna 1922 wemamongi akatosvika "nomutemo vakapamba" nokuda kuziya. Silver rutumba apo zvisaririra Aleksandra Nevskogo, wakazarurwa uye hwakatamisirwa Hermitage, uye pachavo simba hwakatamisirwa State Museum Fund. Kubvira Alexander Nevsky Lavra muSt Petersburg anoramba kushanda kusvikira 1932, apo vose mamongi vakasungwa. Kwapera gore, wemamongi yakavharwa uye kurongwazve muna yeko, uye muna 1936, basa iri amira chose. Anotevera 20 makore wemamongi dzichengeterwe akasiyana-siyana enyika masangano, uye chete muna 1957, mabasa vakanga vatangazve. Zvisaririra wavarwi vakadzoka munzvimbo yaro yakakodzera chete mukupera 80s.

Necropolis Mutsvene Trinity Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Lazarevskoye kumakuva

Lavra muSt Petersburg ndiyo inozivikanwa necropolis ayo, apo nhema vanhu vakawanda vakakurumbira remakore rapfuura - vanyori, vehondo, masayendisiti. Pakutanga, paiva nomumwe kumakuva - Lazarevskoye, yakavambwa paitonga Peter I. The kukudzwa akavigwa pano vakanga paakavapa chete vapfumi kana inonyatsozivikanwa vanhu munyika. To musi, vose tombstones, pazvivako, coffins vari munhoroondo rinokosha. It nedzimba mhuri crypt yaiva yakakurumbira Count Sheremetyev.

Tikhvin kumakuva

Nokufamba kwenguva, mashoko Lazarevskoye kumakuva vakava yakanyanya kumanikana, uye kwakasarudzwa kuvhura rimwe, unonzi New Lazarevskiy. miganhu Clear, anowanikwa chete mukupera kwezana remakore rechi19, apo akanga akanyudzwa nokuda rusvingo rwematombo. Around imwe nguva kumakuva itsva Mutsvene Trinity Alexander Nevsky Lavra Yakazopiwa zita rokuti muna Tikhvin. Izvi zvakakonzerwa pakuvaka guva kumakuva iri Icon of Tikhvin Amai vaMwari. Kuvigwa kumakuva itsva kunewo chokuita mazita kwokufananidzira tsika, makanaka uye zvesayenzi nyika yakakurumbira. Nechepakati rechi20 remakore yemakuva Tikhvin Cemetery zvikanyarara, uye rakanga reconstructed mune chirangaridzo paki.

Nikolskoye kumakuva

The kumakuva wechitatu uri mundima Alexander Nevsky Monastery yakavhurwa 1863. Sezvo mundima necropolis raiva Nicholas Church, kumakuva pacharo ainzi Nikolsky. The kumakuva itsva siyanei vazvo. Chekutanga, mundima yayo makamuri akawanda yakavakwa muna Russian manyorerwo yekare. Chechipiri, kuwedzera kune dzose zvivako uye pamakuva, vazhinji yakanyungudutswa dzendarira busts vanhu makavigwa. Chechitatu, Nikolskoye kumakuva chete kumonasitiri, izvo haana kugamuchira mamiriro miziyamu. It Unobudisawo nhasi, asi vashoma zvikuru nomukurumbira vanhu nguva yedu vari paakavapa rukudzo zororo iri munyika tsvene.

gore rimwe nerimwe muSt Petersburg kunokwezva vashanyi vakawanda nevapfuuri. Chinangwa chavo kusvika - the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Okutanga maawa vari nyore chaizvo kuti vaya vanoda kuva norunako uye norunyararo panzvimbo ino. The Church yakazarukira kubva 6,00 kusvika 20.00, nharaunda Lavra kubva 5,30 kusvika 23,00.

History uye Present

The kumutsidzirwa upenyu chechi uye kunamata masvingo wemamongi chakatangwa munzvimbo yechipiri yezana 90s, uye muna 2000 ose zvivako mumaoko diocese. At wemamongi chechi mbiri yakagadzirwa nababa mwanakomana Trezzini muna 1717-1722 uye 1742-1750, ukuwo; rakaisvonaka neoclassical Cathedral, yakavakwa muna 1778-1790 racho Ivana Starova uye vakazvitsaurira kuna Mutsvene Utatu, uye zvivako duku zhinji. Heano Lazarevskoye uye Tikhvin Cemetery, apo akachengetedzwa dzemaoresa guva Mihaila Lomonosova, Aleksandra Suvorova, Nikolay Karamzin Modesta Musorgskogo, Petra Chaykovskogo, Fedora Dostoevskogo, Carlo Rossi uye vamwe vanhu vakakurumbira. To musi, Nevsky Monastery - nzvimbo dzakakurumbira kuti vashanyi nevapfuuri. Nhoroondo panowanikwa Alexander Nevsky Lavra vose kuudza vatungamiriri Orthodox. Wemamongi ndiye refectory uye kamuri tii apo unogona kurayira inopisa zvokudya mupilgrim mapoka uye munhu nevapfuuri. Pane chiri kuvakwa matatu hotell dzaunogona ndokubvarura wakasununguka oornag pokugara. Pari, wemamongi unoshanda youtorwa basa, izvo basa sangano excursions zvose pamusoro munharaunda wemamongi pacharo, uye vari mumachechi uye temberi St. Petersburg.

Birthday Alexander Nevsky Lavra

Muna 2013, Chechi yeOrthodox vakapemberera 300th gore kubva pazuva kana Mutsvene Trinity Alexander Nevsky Lavra muSt Petersburg rakaumbwa. The Countdown yacho chiitiko yakatanga March 25, 1713, kureva, wokutanga Divine yokunamata vari pamasvingo mutemberi. Panguva kupemberera hama dzose, dzinotungamirirwa mubati Church nomudungwe. Vanamati akateerera Metropolitan Vladimir makorokoto, izvo akakurudzira vanhu kuchengeta nzvimbo ino tsvene, inova musimboti mumudzimu yose Russia.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

Kufanana chero nzvimbo yekare, Nevsky Monastery iri yakafukidzwa chakavanzika nezvirahwe. Heano mamwe dzinonakidza zvine chokuita munhoroondo uye kuvandudzika Alexander Nevsky Lavra.

1. Nokuti kuti wemamongi yakaumbwa panzvimbo apo Alexander Nevsky akakunda yeSweden, zvakanzi pakutanga ainzi "Victoria".
2. Orthodox Academy muSt Petersburg yakatanga kubva kuchikoro, yakavakwa pamusoro munharaunda wemamongi uye akatsaurira nguva yake chete nevana vafundisi.
3. Zvisaririra Aleksandra Nevskogo, vakanga kuendeswa kune wemamongi nzvimbo kunyange panguva yaitonga Peter I uye zvakachengetwa ikoko panguva, panguva chimurenga zvakabviswa uye hwakatamisirwa State Museum.
4. In zvakakomba post-echimurenga nguva, vafundisi vazhinji akatambura pamaoko Bolsheviks - vaiva kana bara kana kusungwa.
5. Muna 1918, hurumende yakasarudza kubvuta nyika wemamongi uye kurishandisa zvavanoda. Zvisinei, iye akatuma yokuzviparadzanisa akasangana kusingaenzaniswi nemishonga vomuchechi uye rakamanikidzwa shure. Zvichitevera zviitiko izvi, basa mberi kwemamwe makore 15.
6. Mumwe temberi laurels vachiri haana kuiswawo kwaro ive uye miziyamu guta.
7. Kuvaka kunzwisisa ichi enhoroondo kwakatora anenge zana nemakore. Panguva magadzirirwo uye kuvaka temberi uye machechi wakapindwa akawanda anozivikanwa ezvivako uye vavaki nguva.

Recent zviitiko

Nguva pfupi yapfuura September 12, 2016, Mutsvene Trinity Alexander Nevsky Lavra muSt Petersburg, vakarongwa mukati masvingo aro Mutambo "Neva ring". Okuberekwa kwakanga yakarongwa kuti iitike kuchinjwa zvisaririra Aleksandra Nevskogo uye akatanga nemashoko zvetsika nevakawanda munamato. Mutambo yakanga wakapindwa yakanakisisa bhero-Ringers muRussia uye kunze uye kufadzwa vateereri nounyanzvi hwake. Uyezve, pfungwa vaivapo chaipiwa firimu pamusoro zvitare. Mumazuva okupedzisira yezororo munhu aigona kwete uchiti uri bhero, asiwo kuti tenzi kirasi kubva yakanakisisa bhero-Ringers.