Midziyo uye mudziyo temberi

Sei vatendi kuvaka temberi? Sei vazhinji akapararira Orthodox nyika yakadaro? Mhinduro iri nyore, mumwe chinangwa - ruponeso mweya, uye hazvibviri vabudirire asina kushanya kuchechi. Iye - kukiriniki, apo nokuporesa mweya kubva mutadzi nokuwa wayo deification. The umhare temberi, ayo kushongedzwa kubvumira mutendi kunyika mumhepo, naMwari, kuti ave pedyo naJehovha. Kuitisa tsika rubhabhatidzo, muchato, pamutoro chete mupristi aripo mutemberi anogona. Pasina ushumiri, minyengetero haagoni kuva munhu mumwe mwana waMwari.

chechi Orthodox

chechi Orthodox - ndiyo nzvimbo kushumira Mwari, apo zvinokwanisika kubatanidza nayo kushandisa sakaramende akadai rubhabhatidzo, chirairo. Pano kuunganidza vakatendeka kuti munamato zvakafanana, simba iro vose anoziva.

VaKristu vepakutanga vakanga vakavanda, saka vakanga vasina temberi yavo. Minyengetero nokuti vakatendeka vakaungana mudzimba vakuru vemunharaunda, kumasinagoge, uye zvakaitika kuti ari catacombs kuSirakusi, Rome, Efeso. It kwakatora matatu emakore, kusvikira simba akauya Konstantin Veliky. Muna 323, akava dzakazara mambo hweRoma. ChiKristu Akaitawo chitendero wehurumende. Kubvira ipapo, uye vakatanga kushingaira kuvakwa temberi, uye gare gare dzemamongi. Yakanga mai vake - Queen Elena Konstantinopolskaya - aiva initiator ari Rusimudzirwo of Holy muhwiro muJerusarema.

Kubvira ipapo, temberi mudziyo uye yaro mapurani mukati kunge inini kuchinja. In Russia Tsika kuvaka chechi muchinjikwa domed, kwakadai kwakafanira kuhupenyu nhasi. Chinokosha chero mutemberi vari domes, izvo korona muchinjikwa. Nechekare kure inogona makwapa paimba yaMwari. Kana nzvimbo yakashongedzwa nendarama mashizha, ipapo zuva, ndivo zvapfuta, inomiririra moto uchipfuta mumwoyo vatendi.

zvemukati mudziyo

Yomukati temberi mudziyo hazvo inomirira pedyo Mwari, takaberekwa tine imwe Chirevo, kushongedzwa, kushandiswa kusangana zvinangwa kunamata kwechiKristu. Sekudzidziswa neChechi, zvose zvenyika yedu zvinhu chinhu asi kuratidzwa nyika yomudzimu, asingaoneki kuti ziso. Temberi - mufananidzo hweKudenga panyika pamberi ukuwo, nomufananidzo vaMambo vokudenga. The mudziyo chiri chechi yeOrthodox, ayo mapurani, sezviratidzo dzinoita vakatendeka kunzwisisa kereke sezvo pakutanga kwoumambo hwokudenga, mufananidzo wake (asingaoneki, kure, Mwari).

Kungofanana kuvaka, temberi ine kutakura mavari mabasa nokuda rakagadzirirwa zvinodiwa uye zvivako zvinotevera:

• Nekuti vapristi vakanga kuitisa basa.
• Vose vakatendeka varipo mukereke.
• Kupfidza uye vaya vari kugadzirira kubhabhatidzwa.

Kubvira kare, temberi rakakamurwa huru zvikamu zvitatu:

• Atari.
• The pakati chikamu chetemberi.
• Porch.

Next, temberi rakakamurwa zvikamu:

• Iconostasis.
• Nearitari.
• Ona.
• Sacristy.
• High nzvimbo.
• Papurupiti.
• Chitsiko.
• Ponomarka.
• Choirs.
• Porch.
• Mwenje bhokisi.
• Belfry.
• Porch.

atari

Uchifunga mudziyo temberi, vainyatsotarisirwa inofanira kubhadharwa kuaritari. Ndiro huru chikamu chechi, aireva chete vapristi asi naivo kuzvishumira panguva yokunamata. Aritari ine mifananidzo Paradise, paanogara kudenga raShe. Rinoreva risingazivikanwi divi zvakasikwa, chikamu denga. Zvikasadaro, aritari anonzi "kudenga Seele". Munhu wose anoziva kuti Jehovha akavhara pashure pokuwa Gates Kudenga kuti nyore nevesangano chiyamuro pano anogona chete muzodzwa waMwari. Kuva inokosha dzvene kukosha, aritari anogara kunoparira vatendi ashamiswe. Kana mutendi kubatsira pabasa kuti kana zvepabonde anotungidza makenduru, auya pano, anofanira kuita prostration. Pevamwe wenzvimbo tsvene chinorambidzwa nokuti nyore kuti nzvimbo iyi inofanira kugara yakachena, mutsvene, hoyu kudya mutsvene. It haabvumirwi munzvimbo ino jamhu uye kunwisa kuti munhu anofa kunogona hwavo hweutadzi. The nzvimbo iri kuisa mupristi munamato.

iconostasis

VaKristu vanonzwa nokutya, vakapinda muchechi Orthodox. Chimiro nezvinangwa zvaro zvokunyaradza kushongedzwa, mifananidzo nezviso yavatsvene rumbidzai mweya akatendeka, vakwanise nerunyararo, kutya Ishe wedu.

Nechekare kare catacomb machechi atari vakatanga fenzi kubva vamwe. Ipapo atova bedzi, atari nechidzitiro rwaiitwa muchimiro hafu-pedanda rechikepe arrays. Pave paya kwakauya iconostasis, iro rine youmambo uye divi masuo. It kushanda panoparadzana mutsetse, inova avhareji partition pachake kure petembere nearitari. Iconostasis akaronga sezvinotevera.

Nepakati chaimbova youmambo masuo - kunyanya wakashongedzwa musuo mikova miviri, yaiva pakatarisana choushe. Sei Vari kunzi? Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kuburikidza navo Iisus Hristos anouya kudzidzisa vanhu sakaramendi. Kusiyiwa uye kodzero mikova youmambo vari paanoiswa kuchamhembe uye kumaodzanyemba magedhi kuti vave kupinda uye mbudo dzinokosha vapristi mabasa mvumo. Mumwe nomumwe kuzvidhori iri iconostasis, ndiyo nzvimbo inokosha uye zvaanoreva, anotaura nezvedzimwe chiitiko kubva muMagwaro.

Icons uye Pamifananidzo

Kufunga urongwa uye kushongedzwa nekereke Orthodox, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mifananidzo uye Pamifananidzo ndiwo anokosha chaizvo chishongedzo. Kuratidza navo Muponesi, Amai vaMwari, ngirozi, vatsvene zvebhaibheri mifananidzo. Nezvidhori Zvishandiswe ruvara kutiratidza zvinorondedzerwa mumashoko Rugwaro. Pamusana mutemberi pave achinyengetera kumunetsawo. Kunyengetera, tinofanira kuyeuka kuti munyengetero unopiwa kwete mufananidzo, uye mufananidzo vanoratidzwa pairi. Musi mifananidzo mifananidzo anofananidzirwa rokuti yavakanga condescended kuvanhu, chii ndaona dzavo vaaida. Saka, Utatu unoratidzwa nenzira achimuona Abhurahama akarurama. Jesu anoratidzwa semunhu, yaairarama pakati pedu. Mweya Mutsvene netsika anomirirwa muchimiro senjiva, saka kwakanga panguva rubhabhatidzo rwaKristu muna Jorodhani, kana muchimiro moto, akanga aona vaapostora paPendekosti.

Re-kunyora kwemifananidzo Zvechokwadi vagadzwe mutemberi, nemvura mutsvene kusaswa. Ipapo zvinova chitsvene uye anokwanisa kushanda pamwe nenyasha Mutsvene.

Denderedzwa rechiedza akapoteredza musoro zvinoratidza kuti icon kuratidzwa pachiso Mwari nyasha mutsvene.

The pakati Chikamu temberi

Internals vechokwadi temberi hazvo unotora mugove pakati, dzimwe nguva inonzi petemberi. Muchikamu ichi temberi yaiva papurupeti, inotsikwa, iconostasis uye kwaya.

Chikamu ichi chaizvoizvo kunzi temberi. Kubvira kare, chikamu ichi anonzi refectory, ipapo nekuti vanodya Chidyo. temberi Middle chinofananidzira yepanyika kuvapo, nyika nyama dzevanhu, asi mhosva, vakapisa uye kare zvitsvene. Kana aritari chinofananidzira yokumusoro denga, temberi pakati - ndiko venyika yoku- hwevanhu. zvikamu zviviri izvi zvinofanira kushanda pamwe chete achitungamirirwa Heaven anodzorerwa pasi pakumedura nzira.

narthex

Porch runobva temberi mudziyo muKristu chiri berere. Pakuvamba nokutenda maari akagara munhu anopfidza kana avo vachigadzirira Rubhabhatidzo Mutsvene. In kumusuwo kereke kazhinji vane bhokisi kutengeswa prosphoras, makenduru, mifananidzo, michinjikwa, yokunyoresa pamichato uye norubhabhatidzo. In kumusuwo kungava vaya vakagamuchira kubva sakaremende iri confessor, navanhu vose vakanga nokuti chero chikonzero, vanozviwana panguva kukodzera kupinda mutemberi.

mudziyo zvekunze

Mavakirwo machechi Orthodox ndiyo nguva dzose kucherechedzwa, uye kunyange zvazvo pane mhando dzakasiyana nawo, ive mudziyo kwokunze temberi ine chikuru nhengo.

- concha - atari fungidziro, wanamatira kutemberi ichiita semicircular chimiro.

- Drum - pamusoro, iyo inoguma muchinjikwa.

- Light Drum - there pamwe slotted mawindo.

- Chapter - Achashongedza rising pamwe dhiramu uye muchinjikwa.

- zakomary - Russian mapurani. Semicircular pokupedza parusvingo.

- girobhu racho - musoro wekereke bulbous chimiro.

- The Biravira - rakakwirira kupfuura pasi pamwero muberere (kuvharwa kana yakazaruka).

- Pilaster - sandara Decorative pechitsiko pamadziro pamusoro.

- Portal - chiyamuro.

- refectory - kuwedzera kumavirira chivakwa, ndiyo nzvimbo yokuparidza misangano.

- Tende - ane zvakawanda zvabatanidzwa, akafukidza shongwe, chechi kana bhero shongwe. Common mu mavakirwo XVII remakore.

- Pediment - rinopedzisa mashoko France.

- Apple - rising bhora iro muchinjikwa akatasva.

- weDanho - kuderera kukwirira chivakwa vhoriyamu.

marudzi temberi

Machechi Orthodox vane zvitarisiko akasiyana, vanogona kuva:

• In chimiro pamuchinjikwa (pamuchinjikwa chiratidzo).
• Chimiro denderedzwa (asingagumi kutevedzera).
• Maumbirwe quadrangle (chiratidzo Earth).
• Muchimiro ane Zimbabwe Educational (chinotungamirira nyeredzi reBheterehema).

chechi imwe neimwe iri rwakazvitsaurira vamwe mutsvene, rinokosha chiitiko Christian. Zuva kurangarirwa kwavo anova mitambo temberi patronal. Kana wandei makamuri neatari, mumwe ainzi yoga. Chapel - chivako chiduku, iyo fananei temberi, asi asina aritari.

Munguva dzekubhabhatidzwa Russia chechi yechiKristu Byzantium mudziyo ane muchinjikwa-rising mhando. It vakabatana zvose tsika Eastern temberi mapurani. Russia atora pamusoro kubva Byzantium kwete Orthodox, asiwo mienzaniso mapurani. Kuchengeta tsika, yeRussian Church vakawanda chairwo uye yepakutanga.

Midziyo Buddhist temberi

vatendi vakawanda vanofarira, uye sei akaronga Buddha mutemberi. Ngationei kupa pfupiso diki. In mutemberi muBhudha uyewo kuisa zvose maererano mitemo yakaoma. VaBuddha All kutya Jehovha "pfuma vatatu" uye zviri muchechi vari kutsvaka utiziro - Buddha, dzidziso dzake uye nzanga. The nzvimbo kurudyi - kuti, apo "pfuma vatatu" vose vanofanira kuchengetedzwa, chero simba kubva kunze. Temple - a namahwindo nzvimbo kuti unodzivirirwa kubva kumativi ose. Gate simba - chikuru kudiwa ari mudziyo kwetemberi. VaBuddha regai musiyano yemamongi kana kereke - kwavari ndizvo chete pfungwa.

Mumwe ane muBhudha tembere Buddha mufananidzo, kana dzakarukwa, kuswedera kana chivezwa iri. Chifananidzo chinofanira riri "Golden Hall", chiso nechokumabvazuva. The chikuru mufananidzo ndiro rakakura saizi, vamwe dzinoratidzira mifananidzo kubva upenyu musande. Temple ane mumwe mufananidzo - zviri kuitwa airemekedzwa nevanhu vaBhudha. Nearitari mutemberi vari akashongedzwa inofananidza mamongi nomukurumbira, ivo dziri chete nechepazasi Buddha.

Kushanyira temberi wechiBuddha

Vaya vanoda kushanyira temberi dzechiBuddha, vanofanira kuomerera zvimwe zvinodiwa. Makumbo, mapendekete vane kufukidza opaque zvipfeko. Kufanana nezvimwe zvitendero, chiBhudha anodavira kuti vasiri uchiwirirana zvakakodzera mumapfekero - zviri kusaremekedza kutenda.

Makumbo vaBuddha vaiona dirtiest chikamu muviri, nekuti vari kubatana pasi. Naizvozvo, pamukova wetemberi zvakafanira kubvisa shangu dzako. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti nokuti makumbo kuva cleaner.

Iva nechokwadi kuti unoziva mitemo vakatendeka vagare. Makumbo chero zvazvingava hakufaniri kunongedzera kuna Buddha kana zvimwe mutsvene, sei vaBhudha vanosarudza kuramba vasina kwavakarerekera - kuzogara lotus chinzvimbo. Unogona chete wakarerekera makumbo ake pasi pake.