State chibvumirano: mashoko, zvinhu, mharidzo

mitemo Russian anopa pakagadzwa ukama pakati pehurumende matunhu neminisiparati masangano uye pasiri rinobatsirwa nhumbi, mabasa uye mabasa kuburikidza nemasaini zvinokosha zvibvumirano. zvibvumirano izvi zvinofanira akagumisa maererano kuzviomesera mitemo avata pasi penzvimbo zvinopa mutemo. kuuraya dzavo uye waivako kunoratidzwa vakawanda nuances. Chii specificity ukama kukweverwa kumusoro nehurumende zvibvumirano? Sei?

Chii chingava nyaya kondirakiti ihurumende?

Hurumende chibvumirano ndechokuti pamutemo kunyoresa pamutemo ukama, nyaya iyo - kutengeswa zvinhu kana urongwa mabasa zvinodiwa nehurumende, yomuka kubva kudiwa dzika umboo hurongwa kwemasimba ayo. Customer pasi kuMudzidzisi chibvumirano - hurumende, uye muiti kunogona kuva sangano kana munhu IP.

Ingaratidzika semari kondirakiti ihurumende? Mharidzo Zvivako nhengo gwaro - mumufananidzo pazasi.

Counterparty pasi pehurumende kondirakiti inogona kana chokuita ehurumende zvivako, uye pasina pavo. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kondirakiti hurumende inogona akagumisa nezvavatorwa masangano, kazhinji pane zviitiko apo runodiwa zvinhu kana mabasa simba kurege kurayira mukati munyika.

The mhando framework pamutemo chinorondedzerwa nomurayiro maitirwo ezvinhu uye deadlines. Tichadzidza zvavo chaizvo.

The nzira uye mashoko chibvumirano ehurumende

Chikamu chokutanga kunyoresa pamutemo ukama pehurumende uye ayo counterparties - the drafting chesungano iri mubvunzo. It ari dzakabudirira zvakananga nesimba, kureva, mutengi, uye ipapo akatumirwa nokutengesa. Kana divi pamutemo suit rechipiri ezvinhu ari chibvumirano, zvinofanira wemasaini mukati memazuva 30, uye ipapo anotuma kopi chibvumirano veruzhinji simba, iyo kwakasimbiswa ubate chibvumirano.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuguma voruzhinji chibvumirano rinoitwa mushure vanotengesa mukati hurumende zvokuvakisa nzira zvinodiwa nehurumende. Muchiitiko chino, nguva siginicha tsamba urongwa angava akasiyana: chibvumirano anogona akagumisa kwete kwokutanga pane 10 Mazuva pashure nokusaina dzakati emaoko, asi kwete paya pane 20 Mazuva mushure Implementation nzira iyi.

Kana Provider asingadi nemasaini chibvumirano mukati nguva mitemo akarongwa nomutemo, kodzero kupinda chibvumirano hurumende iri kune rimwe basa sangano. Kazhinji, munhu kuti ichapa zvinotevera kubatsirwa pamusoro mwero nomutengo mukati okisheni. In ichi zvakasimba, akaramba kugumisa chibvumirano paruzhinji anogona kupinda mazita anonyengera Contractors. Panyaya iyi, sangano hanya havazokwanisi kuita kuti 3 years kuti ndiitewo okisheni panguva hurumende hurongwa.

Mhedziso ehurumende chibvumirano kunoda tsanangudzo ayo mazwi. Ngationei kudzidza izvi zvizere.

Terms uye mamiriro vehurumende zvibvumirano

Terms of chibvumirano akapedzisa nokuda nokutengesa zvimwe zvinhu kana mabasa kuti mamiriro, dzinoiswa:

• nouchapupu;
• pamusoro fanira;
• rumwe.

The mhando ezvinhu kuMudzidzisi chibvumirano yokutanga:

• nyaya;
• deadlines;
• mari romugove uye nzira aripe kwavo.

Panguva chiitiko kuti counterparty iri kushanda iri nyore mitero yezvinhu, chibvumirano mutengo kunoratidzwa pasina VAT. Kana kwete, ukoshi wakawedzera mutero zvinoratidzwa mutengo mamiriro chesungano.

Nokusunga kuti chibvumirano ndiwo:

• nzvimbo kuurayiwa sungano;
• nzira kuti kugamuchirwa nhumbi kurwira;
• zvemupiro yepamutemo kuita vemapato.

Kazhinji, hurumende kondirakiti kunosanganisira pokugadzwa sezvakarayirwa basa, maererano izvo hurumende kana ayo counterparty mari iri chiitiko vasiri kuzadzika ezvinhu chesungano mutongo anofanira dzaona kufungisisa kuitika refinancing mwero Central Bank. Kana vemapato vanogona kuratidza kuti pane zvave chibvumirano yakafanira kumanikidza majeure kana zvimwe chinangwa zvikonzero, mutongo hauna akabhadhara.

By mamwe mazwi chesungano anogona kunzi, kunyanya kutsigira kwayo. Zvinobatsira kufunga ayo chaizvo.

Software sezvo chimiro chibvumirano

Under urongwa mumaratidzirwo vakadai chibvumirano somunhu paruzhinji chibvumirano zvinonzwisiswa sechivimbiso kuzadzika zvemari zviri nokutengesa zvinhu kana mabasa pasi hurumende zvibvumirano. Kana simba rimwe counterparty havazokwanisi kugadzirisa mabasa, tichiregeredza ichipa mutengi achakwanisa kufukidza kurasikirwa kunokonzerwa.

The Mhando chikuru hurumende zvibvumirano kuitira:

• mubhengi vimbiso;
• inishuwarenzi;
• chokumbofanobata;
• tabvisa mari.

Kukosha usashandisa sechikamu paruzhinji zvibvumirano havafaniri kupfuudza 30% of mutengo zvokuyamura nhumbi kana mabasa, wakaiswa mu kwakazivikanwa mharuro kutengesa.

Kunyange kana chibvumirano chesungano pakati pehurumende uye ayo ishamwari akabvuma, ivo paya, nzira imwe kana mumwe anogona kuchinja,. Ngationei kudzidza nzira iyo iri zvinogona kuitwa.

Changing mamiriro chibvumirano

Chokutanga, tinoona kuti hurumende kondirakiti ezvinhu chokuita zvinokosha misi, nzvimbo, zvemitemo, uyewo mutengo mamiriro haagoni kugadziridzwa. Zvisinei, akabvumira kuti achinje nzira chibvumirano zvakadai, yakadai se:

• date pamusoro mapato ari kutengeserana (kuchinja vangava zvakafanorongwa, semuenzaniso, nevamwe zvinhu zviri constituent magwaro, mashoko);
• ruzivo pamusoro nhamba kana Vhoriyamu akarayira mamiriro nhumbi kana mabasa;
• zvachose mutengo chibvumirano, kana zvikonzero mitengo iri kwenguva refu zvibvumirano zviri kuchinja zvinhu kuti kuchinja mari nokutengesa.

Muchiitiko chino, shanduko chero rehurumende chibvumirano, anosarudza imwe pati kuti kutengeserana zvinofanira kuitwa nomumwe ari chibvumirano.

zvino isu kudzidza kuti iyo hurumende kondirakiti anofanira misa.

Kugumiswa chibvumirano

State chibvumirano (chibvumirano) anogona wakagumiswa kana:

• mapato azadzise dzinokosha zvavanofanira;
• vadyidzani anorenda varega ukama;
• runoenzanirana Chibvumirano akadzima nedare.

Agumisa kuti chibvumirano, sezvo mutemo, hurumende zvekufamba. A kunzwa nyaya Kudzimwa chesungano saka anosarudza kana bato. Zvisinei, iye unogona kuenda kudare chete kana murume wake aramba kudzima chibvumirano kana paine chinhu iri pamutemo, kana kana counterparty asina kugamuchira kupindura panyaya mukati ramakanzi nguva - pasi chibvumirano kana pasi pemurairo.

State matunhu neminisiparati zvibvumirano - sechekushandisa zvemakore ukama, izvo hunodzorwa zvokudya Art. 72 BK reRussian Federation uye Federal Law nhamba 44, vakagamuchirwa 05.04.2013. Funga zvinhu zviri pamutemo mutemo paruzhinji zvibvumirano mubayiro nzira zvizere.

Legislative mutemo paruzhinji zvibvumirano: Article 72 of RF Budget Code

Saka, pakati kiyi manyuko mutemo, raitarisira makambani munyaya pamutemo ukama yechinangwa paruzhinji zvibvumirano - Budget Code. Maererano zvokudya Chikamu 72 of RF Budget Code siyana zvokuvakisa nhumbi, anoshanda kana mabasa kuitira kuti zvinodiwa ehurumende kana matunhu neminisiparati zviremera kuitwa chibvumirano pamanyorerwo kuti:

• Zviri pamusoro hurongwa kutenga nhumbi, mabasa kana mabasa;
• akaumba maererano nemitemo isingachinji mutemo;
• anobhadharwa pasi miganho mashoko akapoteredza budgetary wazvipira zvinoiswa mune mutemo.

RF Budget allocates imwevo chikamu zvibvumirano - ehurumende zvibvumirano romugove vamwe zvinhu kuna Russian Armed Forces mu yechinangwa purogiramu, izvo aifarirwa Mutungamiri Russian Federation. zvibvumirano izvi zvingava pasi kubhadhara vazvo mukati mari, izvo vakatsunga ezvinhu nhengo zvirongwa.

The RF Budget Code anotiwo kuti rinoitirwa chibvumirano, kana kuurayiwa mabasa panguva kutenderera nguva Implementation, kwazvo kururama kwemashoko mwero mukati budgetary wazvipira anogona kubhadharwa mukati miganhu kukosha mari, izvo kunorondedzerwa zvisarudzo akaendeswa nezviremera kuitira , zvimwe zvokudya zviri RF Budget Code.

Kana nyaya ehurumende chibvumirano - chokuendesa nhumbi mukati imwe nguva muganhu iyo akapfuudza ukoshi papi budgetary mitoro, kuMudzidzisi chibvumirano inogona akagumisa tichifunga mutemo wedare contractual ukama hurongwa zvokuvakisa zvimwe zvinhu.

Legislative kuzvidzora wehurumende zvibvumirano: FL № 44

Akatevera kukosha tsime murairo anosarudza nzira iyo mamiriro akaita kwemamiriro chibvumirano - Federal Law nhamba 44. tikaritora mutemo akapinda simba musi waJanuary 1, 2014. Izvi zvisati zvaitika, voruzhinji zvokuvakisa kudzorwa nevamwe manyuko mutemo - Federal Law nhamba 94, kushandisa 21.07.2005. Kusiyana akakodzera mutemo, zvinhu.

Saka, zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti itsva mutemo yeUnited anoshandisa izwi rokuti "chibvumirano", sezvataurwa nevamwe magweta sezvo chinoumba, serimwe rinogona kutsiva pfungwa "chibvumirano". State chibvumirano maererano Federal Law nhamba 44 Inonzi chibvumirano kuti wakasainwa nokuda Russian Federation, taura kana matunhu neminisiparati sangano kupa izvi kana zvimwe zvinodiwa. Chaizvoizvo, tsanangudzo iyi hatina kare zvakurukurwa kwokutanga munyaya ino.

The itsva mutemo yeUnited, nyanzvi dzinoti, vave vakagamuchirwa kuti:

• kuwedzera pachena kuti kwema mumunda paruzhinji zvokuvakisa;
• kuderedza mwero uori pakuvaka ukama pakati pehurumende uye ayo Contractors;
• kuvandudza kunyatsoshanda, pfungwa kushandiswa wehurumende mari kutenga siyana.

The chikuru mukana Federal Mutemo № 44 - kusikwa nomutemo kwezvakatipoteredza, pre-waronga yechinangwa nomutemo ukama pakati pehurumende masangano avo Contractors, uye aurayiwe ehurumende chibvumirano chose zvachose kudzorwa.

Funga huru zvakagadzirwa maererano nomutemo murau pamusoro ehurumende zvibvumirano FL № 44 zvizere.

Kuguma zvibvumirano kuti kutengeswa nhamba 44: huru zvakagadzirwa

Zvezvisarudzo chinozikamwa zvakagadzirwa Federal Mutemo № 44 - kudikanwa mukudenga hurumende nemasangano chaiyo rubatsiro kuitira legality pakati zvibvumirano pasi kukurukurwa. The Zvinoumba mabasa izvi zvinofanira kusanganisira nyanzvi nomazvo mumunda paruzhinji zvokuvakisa, anogona kuvaka akakodzera noukama counterparty pasi pemurairo, kusimudzira unzwisise hunhu vavo vaviri. nhamba 44 Mutemo zvinoda nehurumende uye matunhu neminisiparati ezvirevo kumisa basa mubvunzo, kana mamiriro kondirakiti mutengo uri rubles vanopfuura mamiriyoni 100.

utsanzi Next panhamba 44 Mutemo ndiko kumisa vaitire masimba, ndiko kubudirira kwenguva refu zvokuvakisa kuronga. nhamba 94 Mutemo akarayira kugadzirira zvirongwa wepagore. Mutemo mutsva zvinoda mutengi kuti kuumba urongwa okuwedzera 3 years.

Panyaya ano zvokuvakisa purogiramu, vanofanira, sezvakatenderanwa Federal Law nhamba 44 yakabudiswa muna vabatane mashoko gadziriro, kana kwavari, uye ichi ndicho chimwe utsanzi zviri pasi mutemo batana. kwezvivako iri rakagadzirirwa, kupfuura zvose, nokuti sangano tenders. Asi nokuda ERC ndiyewo iripo pamwe zvokuvakisa urongwa, mashoko pamusoro kuurayiwa aivapo zvibvumirano, simba rinomutsa vana mitengo, anopa kubva siyana kumusika vechikamu.

Zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti pamwe ERC pane zvimwe mashoko Databases kuti zvinowanikwa vechikamu kuti zvibvumirano uye mamwe mapato vanofarira. Zvikurukuru pane paIndaneti remazita wehurumende zvibvumirano - anokosha zvekuvaka, iyo inoratidza mashoko pamusoro zvinodiwa vehurumende, chaiwo chokuendesa-siyana kumatunhu Russia, mashoko pamusoro matsime mari tenders.

Chimwe chinokosha utsanzi of Federal Mutemo № 44 - kukurudzira kuderera pachena zvokuvakisa pamwero marara. Maererano dzemunharaunda zvavakatemerwa achinzi kunobva mutemo, zvakasimba kuda kugumisa paruzhinji zvokuvakisa chibvumirano nhumbi, mabasa kana mabasa, uye kupa mutengo ndiyo 25% kuvatumwa kuti zvinganaka pakutanga, vanofanira kururamisira ichi dhisikaundi kese, uye kupa uchapupu hwokuti unhu vazvo vachava chinhu kwakakwana pamwero. Mukuwedzera, yokuraswa kwemarara sangano aizogovera kuchengeteka kuti hurumende chibvumirano iri mari nehafu nguva kupfuura avo huri nounyoro. Chete iyi, zvakasimba achakwanisa kubatanidzwa tenders kuti ruzhinji zvokuvakisa.

Provider ave gwaro chibvumirano nehurumende uye zvinoenderana ayo kwemitoro pasi pamberi tongai chiito kwokubvuma anofanira kuongorora kuti zvaidiwa nhumbi kusvitsa kana mabasa chibvumirano, kuti vaunze mushumo basa, uyewo kubudisa gwaro iri muna ERC. Izvi rinorondedzerawo inokosha zvakagadzirwa FL № 44.

zvino isu kudzidza zvinoverengeka nuances anoshanda unhu zvibvumirano hurumende. Zvikurukuru, zvingava zvinobatsira kutsanangura chii chaizvo zvechiratidzo kusaina kuMudzidzisi zvibvumirano.

The kusaina yehurumende zvibvumirano: asi nuances

basa State chibvumirano unogona kutanga umwe kana rimwe bhizimisi sangano ne:

• kuitawo nyoro (mashandiro ichi isu kare kukurukurwa pamusoro);
• chaiyo chikumbiro mashoko, sezvo nzira yokutanga dzimwe urongwa.

Nezvokupindira vose zvigadziriswe zvinongoreva kuchengeta vatori vechikamu vaiona zviri pamutemo mashoko yakatangwa mutemo. Saka, kana kambani anoda kuti ndiitewo okisheni, chinofanira batanidza pashure paIndaneti okisheni achapiwa yakabudiswa protocols kuti vanotarisira zvibvumirano, asi kwete kwokutanga pane 10 Mazuva pashure peizvi, uye hapana paya pane mazuva 20. Izvi ndizvo zvatakaziva akati apa.

The mashandiro wechipiri, uyewo, kunosanganisira kukumbira mashoko haasi kwokutanga pane 7 days pashure placement pamusoro dzakati mashoko paIndaneti, uyewo okutambirwa mafomu tinyatsonzwisisa pamusoro ehurumende zvibvumirano, asi mazuva kwete pava paya pane 20 dzinotevera musi iyo zvinoratidzwa Protocol. Pane imwe mitemo nguva paruzhinji chibvumirano zvoupfumi sangano anekodzero nyaya migumisiro kuita nyoro. The chibvumirano anova inoshanda chete kubva musi zvichazivikanwa chasainwa mutengi uye mutengesi.

Sezvataona pamusoro apa, pane nyaya zvaitaurwa mutemo chibvumirano anogona wacho. Kakawanda, kodzero kugumisa mamiriro kondirakiti iri chero mapato chinovapo kana counterparty anoramba kuzadzisa mabasa ake. Next nuance kudyidzana pakati hurumende masangano avo Contractors, izvo tinogona kunyatsotarisisa - aurayiwe ehurumende kondirakiti.

Achipa chibvumirano wehurumende: nuances

Chii ungaswedera kuteerera chikamu pamutemo mitemo iyi youchenjeri repamutemo ukama pehurumende yayo ishamwari?

Chinonyanya kukosha caveat pano ndechokuti zvinhu zvinofanira kuzadziswa maererano chibvumirano, kana zvimwe nokuda chinangwa zvikonzero, kuti disclosures izvo sangano anogona kujekesa. Kureva, kana mumwe mapato anokundikana kuzadzikisa ayo nemhiko, zvichaita kuti kubhadhariswa, kunze anogona kuratidza kuti ndiko kuremara yakafanira kumanikidzira majeure kana mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Chinhu chikuru - kugadzira uchapupu kuti zvipingamupinyi kuti aurayiwe kondirakiti pasina zvoupfumi mumiririri, vakasagona kubviswa panguva chikumbiro chake.

Akatevera chinokosha zvikuru pamutemo ukama mu mubvunzo - kupa chibvumirano hurumende. Ndezvipi yayo huru nuances?

Inopikira Hurumende zvibvumirano

Chinangwa chikuru kupa ehurumende zvibvumirano - muripo mari chero pamutemo ukama vemapato izvo vavapo nokuda counterparty kune contractual ezvinhu. Kazhinji, chiitiko ichi chinoitika kana kuti zvimwe chikonzero ndisipo ari kunodiwa mari kufukidza mari sezvo chikamu chesungano.

Mukuwedzera, nokutengesa anogona kushandisa Software kuti mumwe bato haana kufunga counterparty akatadza kuzadzisa zvinhu chesungano. Maererano mitemo, rinogona hunomiririrwa zvakasiyana kupfuma. Chinonyanya mukurumbira vari mubhanga inopikira. Ndivo nezvezvikwata zviviri.

Chekutanga, icho mubhengi vimbiso, iyo nokutengesa anogamuchira mari, izvo kumubvumira kuzadzisa chibvumirano hurumende. Chechipiri, pane runoenzanirana chinogona mhando, chinopa kudzoka yaunganidzwa advanced, izvo kazhinji anopa chibvumirano mamiriro. Kukosha kupa chibvumirano yehurumende inogona kuva akasiyana. Typical saizi yaro anenge 30% of mamiriro kondirakiti. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mapato chigaro chinoumba ukama substantially kudzika - somuenzaniso, 10%.

Vanofanira Contractor pasi chibvumirano kubudirira nokuzadzikisa ezvinhu zvaitaurwa chibvumirano, kubhangi vimbiso anofanira kudzokera mubhizimisi sangano kuti Chakabvumirwa.

Zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti, kuwedzera bhuku iri ari mazita paruzhinji zvibvumirano, zvatakapfidza vakati pamusoro apa, mutemo Russian anopa kusikwa mumwe pamwero mukuru mashoko mujinga mukati yechinangwa ukama chikamu kwehurumende masangano avo Contractors. Tiri kutaura bhanga runovimbisa yokunyoresa. Iye chinomiririrwa paIndaneti zvinhu apo unogona tinyatsoziva ruzivo pamusoro chii nezvaidzivirira vari nzvimbo zvimwe zvibvumirano hurumende. Kana mumwe kana imwe mhando kuchengeteka haina zvinoratidzwa yakakodzera remazita, zvinonzi kunzi ndedzenhema. Mutengi anekodzero arege kupinda chibvumirano ine muiti sokuvapo ruzivo pamusoro vimbiso kuzorwa navo haangavi ubatanidzwe chete remazita.