SS Division "Galicia": nhoroondo

History of Second World War, ane mapeji wandei iyo kare mazhinji West havadi kuverenga. Zvinokosha kutaura oga yenyika mapoka Reich. Musoro ndiwo akatunhidzwa kwazvo, uye mune yezvichangobva kuitika kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva Ukraine, zviri kuramba ichiva kurwadza.

Mumwe ane chete kutaura nhoroondo SS weboka "Galicia"! Izvi "varwi vakashinga" zvino kukudzwa wokuUkraine mamiriro, chete "zvakapembererwa" avo dzimwe nguva akashamisa vakamborwa of Gestapo. Uye kuti ari kutaura zvakawanda.

Matangiro Ayakaita

Kubva pamazuva hondo utungamiriri Ukrainian vezvourudzi rokutanga vakaviga hurumende "zvinodiwa" German kuti kukurumidza pakagadzwa nationalist nemauto anokwana zviyero, izvo aigona "chakakonzera kuti akunde Bolshevism." Heano inongova vokutanga zvose zvavanoita pasina. Nepo varidzi dzavo German havana kubhadhara paine kupikisana kwakadaro ichi zvachose kunzwa. Kubudirira kwavo mauto zvakadai kuti zvakanga kusetsa chete nepfungwa yokuti vanogona kutarisira izvi mosek enyika.

Muna 1943, mamiriro ezvinhu anoverengeka zvachinja. Stalingrad aiva, pasi iro uto Ridge Paurosi akanga kukunda, kwaiva nedzimwe hondo, zvinogutsa debunked ngano yacho invincibility wehondo German. Muna February gore iroro, vanhu vokuGermany vakatanga kufunga sei kushandisa polovchee "yechiUkraine upenyu" vezvourudzi plugging mumwena nechemberi.

Kutanga "kupesana mbiri"

Muchirongwa ichi chakatsigirwa zvakasimba kubudikidza gavhuna wedunhu, "Galicia" O. Waechter. Ungangove, chokupedzisira kupedza ari kugamuchira zvakananga kubva ake ekare mukuru Himmler. Vakapona zvimwe zvinyorwa zvinoratidza kuti pakusikwa SS Division "Galicia" yakatanga akakurukura dzavo March 1, 1943.

Nechekare March 28, 1943 Waechter anoudza webasa rake kuti nationalist vatungamiriri nomufaro mukana 'kushumira Germany. " In pemwedzi April gore iroro, Wachter musangano musangano webato, vaiva soro panhengo SS.

Havana kudhonza, asi nekuti zvinenge pakarepo yakasarudza akamisa SS Division "Galicia". Vakwikwidzi musangano akabvuma mberi nguva kuti tichadzivisa kushandisa shoko "mapurisa" muzita richangobva akasika kupesana. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, vakanga vakabvumirana paumbwe mupurisa ari kuri muviri. Hazvishamisi, chisarudzo vezvourudzi vakanga vakagadzirira saizvozvowo "nevamwe" dzavo nezvimwe kuri SS kupatsanurana, kuitwa akapfeka vachena yunifomu. Kune vamwe, ivo vakasiyana chete inokosha nhoo pamusoro ruoko.

The mukuru akarayira paumbwe SS Division "Galicia" rakabudiswa musi April 28. Nokukurumidza, wokutanga kupesana vaiendeswa akatanga kusvika.

On the peculiarities ose muchiuto

Zvinofanira kusimbiswa kuti muchiuto ane zvinhu itsva yevanhu iri "rupo." Pfungwa iyi inoreva kuti rusaruro rwedzinza haana kurambidza vokuGermany rokutsvaka hondo "ari necheSalvic riffraff." Zvachose akavhara suo izvi "vepamusoro chikwata" chete zvachose dzisiri European mhando, ane chitarisiko zvakajeka kutaura haasi Aryan mavambo.

basa vanoparadzira mashoko

Pazuva bhuku sezvakarayirwa paumbwe weboka Waechter rakapa muchivande rinoratidza. Rinoti zvakajeka kuti zviremera anokonzera chikumbiro vezvourudzi, chero zvazvingava haafaniri kunyange runyerekupe panguva chokwadi kuti vabatsire vokuGermany. The Commission aifanira dzinonyanya kutaura pamusoro "mukurwisa Bolshevism." Ivo chidimbu SS anomirira "sich Riflemen", vakatora nzvimbo ine rukuru mune undereducated, uncultured zvakatipoteredza.

Panguva rwiyo zvahungava hwakaita zvakavimbika uye kupesana SS "Galicia", iro rine mashoko akawanda pamusoro "ukuru rudzi", asi haitauri pamusoro kushumira Reich.

Kuwanda kwevanhu zviwanikwa

Pakutanga June, 81,999 vanhu vakanyorwa chinyorwa. Pamutemo, 52.875 kwavo Pfungwa rokushumira akatorwa akaramba 29 124. Asi hatifaniri kufunga kuti kudaidzwa akabva arega, sezvo aifanira kugara replenishment. Draft basa inotungamirirwa K. Schulze, uyo akaita munhu akaita vaiendeswa kusvikira August 1944, uye "redecorating" scruffy akaita anenge kusvikira pakupera 1945, kurwisana yeimwe.

Sezvo kuunganidza zvakanga zvisati kumhanya, vokuGermany vakaumba akawanda nhengo. Izvi rinotsanangura chokwadi chokuti SS Division "Galicia", ane nhengo dzine pikicha munyaya aiva dissimilar majoini. Kuwedzera vanhu 11.578 avo pamutemo ndagura nokudzidziswa chaiyo makosi, vokuGermany pakarepo aigarira dzokuwedzera regiments shanu uye mumwe rechiuto iri "yemuraudzo". regiments izvi uye battalions pakarepo vakapfuura chaiwo mapurisa drills, zvakanga pasi zvose zvimwe kuri kubatana.

Used nzira muchiuto

Nokukurumidza Zvakazozivikanwa kuti dialed "zvinhu" zviri pachena kwete zvakakwana nemhaka dzose nezvinhu mukurwa, uye saka vakatanga kushandisa kwete chete mukuru rinosarudza vokushandira muchiuto nokuda vazvipiri, asi anokosha nemauto, uyo vaiita zvechisimba kuunganidza voujaya. Zvakava pachena mid-June 1944, apo Ukrainians pachavo vakatanga zvakazara kunzwa pakagumira ake "kuzvipira kuna Reich." Collared vechiduku pakarepo akatuma kuzoshanda tangi kupesana SS "Hoenshtaufen" uye "Frundsberg", kuti zhizha chete iri pedyo neguta.

Seinokonzera dhuri Ukrainian "zvinhu" akashandiswa uye mamwe mapoka German mune nhengo vaya vanopfuura nomauri. Vari kugara vakapinzwa basa vashoma gumi rakabatwa "patriots rweUkraine." Mumisha pedyo Lviv ndechei German havana kuzobvunza yayo nationalist hanger, rewriting chose pasina mvumo nevanhu vose. Yakanga idura huru dzevanhu zvinhu, izvo muGermany panguva iyoyo kutanga zvikuru kubuda. Vanhu vakatanga kunhonga kwete chete mumigwagwa, asi zvakananga kubva kumasangano enyika.

Kunyange "patriots Ukrainian" Chechi aisagona vakachengeteka, sezvo "basa Fuehrer" vakaenda zvakananga kupa basa. Panguva iyoyo kunyange vezvourudzi zvikuru zvokusarudza vaisagona kubatsira asi cherechedzai kutambura wehondo yavo pamberi, saka kurwa neimwe nzira kwete mhanya. Zvinonzi vaidavira kuti SS Division "Galicia" (mufananidzo mireza nayo ndiyo zvinhu) akanga achipfuura hapana asingasviki zviuru 32 varwi.

Raira uye nzvimbo remazita

Chokutanga, basa nokuda kwomudzimu idzva mapurisa zviumbu akatumirwa SS-Brigadeführer Schiemann. Asi this post akaramba chete kusvikira pakati November 1943. Nokukurumidza akava mukuru Galicia Oberführer SS Fritz Freitag, uyo pakupera April akanga pamutemo paakavapa musoro Brigadeführer (analogue wedu guru-mukuru muna Waffen-SS).

Urongwa hwakadaro naye murayiro kwakakonzerwa ne chokwadi kuti murume uyu aiva akapfuma chiitiko murayiro mapurisa dzakabatana uye ainyatsoziva tsanangudzo yakaperera kushanda navo. Martial mapurisa German kubatwa naye chakazara kushora: Freitag haana akashanya chero muhondo, vakanga vasina humbowo nzira uye nehondo nzira youpenyu.

Kazhinji, Ukrainian SS nokupesana "Galicia" kwava mhando "scarecrow" pakati vaNazi, vachimuenzanisa vokuGermany vakatapwa zvisingabatsiri chete, mediocre, kana chete gwara mapurisa. Zvechokwadi, zvakanga zvakakodzera nemauto unhu papi.

Chokutanga, unorema kubva vashandi riri "Gaydelagere", uye kubva pakutanga 1944, izvozvo kwaigara Noygamere (muSilesia, Germany). Zvisinei, July 18, 1943, apo batch mangé vaiendeswa rokutanga vaibva muguta, ipapo vakatanga raizoiswa mumusasa "Gaydelager" (pedo Dębica), uye akabva aita kuti pamutemo inotungamirwa dzavo mapurisa regiments.

Wokutanga rwisana kushandiswa

Pakutanga 1944 kubva Berlin anouya kukurumidza rinoratidza ari kudiwa mangwanani paumbwe "mapoka hondo" kundorwa guerrillas kwePoland uye USSR. Nokukurumidza vakaumba rechiuto, akapiwa bhatiri chiedza pfuti, ipapo boka vakapararira kumucheto kwePoland. Saka 14 Grenadier Division weSS "Galicia" akatanga ayo zvechokwadi unonyadzisa nzira.

Total inotungamirwa mapoka chakafanana rapera pazuva, iro yakanyorerwa pakaunda-insurgency munharaunda yeguta. Zvadaro, utungamiriri Nazi Zvakacherechedzwa kuti vaviri vezvikwata izvi "vakavhura zvikuru kubudirira." Asi vokuGermany vari kuratidza unoshamisa unanimity, pane kuedza kupenda zvikuru "budiriro" izvi.

Zvisinei, zviri pachena kuti "noushingi akarwa" Division bedzi pevane masimba, achisarudza kurwisa wokutanga unarmed zvavo. Kutoti zvachose vasina kusarudza, "varwi" akapinda moto neVadzidzi guerrillas, kuti varwisane izvo SS Division "Galicia" Chaizvoizvo, uye yave akaumba.

Rokutanga "zvakapembererwa" pamusoro Galicia

Mauto eSoviet akanga rombo zvakakwana kuti andobata Archive ichi inobwinya kubatana, izvo zvichiri anoshumira husingarambiki hwokuti kurwa "kubudirira" pakati Ukrainian vezvourudzi. Pane chinyorwa wokutanga chehondo chechina ... Total akakuvadza vanhu vanenge 12 akapinda kurwa pamwe guerrillas. Somugumisiro kushanda kubva pasi zvakaparadzwa musha Guta Penyatskaya uye Benyaki. Dzimba vakashinga vezvourudzi vakapisa. Pamwe chete vageremo, Chokwadi. In yose, vakauraya kanenge 800 zvavo vanhuwo zvavo, pakati pavo vakadzi vazhinji nevana. Zvisinei, mureza SS Division "Galicia" akanga asingamboshayikwi vaiona rechiuto mureza chaizvoizvo, nokuti pasi pomumvuri wayo vakarwa chete "vakaramba" reGermany vakuru uye akasarudzwa vezvourudzi, uyo vanatenzi vavo uye vanhu havarangariri.

In Ternopil Ukrainian evatsigiri Wehrmacht akaenda mberi. Kana zvichiita counterattack vokuGermany vakakwanisa torazve chikamu cheguta, chete mhuka akafudza vakapona imwe kereke, ipapo zvose kupiswa. In wadzo Lviv vakaurayawo vanenge chiuru vanhu Zolochev mubasa vakawanda yaiuya akakunda mauto Red Army. Small guta Olesko chaizvoizvo kuparadzwa zvachose, asi akauraya vanhu 300 "chete".

Izvi "rupo" nokuti vamwe vagari vakaendeswa rokumanikidzirwa muGermany. Kudai kwakanga kusina vokuGermany vaida varanda, ropa rinoteurwa kunyange zvakawanda. Vezvourudzi vakada kuuraya vaya vasingagoni kuvapa nemishonga. Chaizvoizvo, mashoko SS kupesana "Galicia" Zvakacherechedzwa navose izvi zvikuru chinhu nhoroondo yacho.

Brody njodzi

Asi rakanga riri dzoro, uye izvi "varwi vakashinga" kusangana zvechokwadi kurwisana pamwe nemasoja basa, kwete unarmed zvavo. SS Division "Galicia" pasi Brody aiva "zvombo izere", vari vakapakata murwi kubva 29th, yechi30 uye yechi31 regiments. Uyezve, zvave anonzi yakawanda evadzimi kubva dzimwe yeimwe.

Panguva iyoyo, ayo "kuhondo mbiri," raiva 346 vakuru, non-basa mukuru varwi 1131 uye 13822. Saka, simba rayo zvachose aiva 15.299 varwi. From "Hari Brody" pfupi asina kumbokuvadzwa vakapukunyuka 1,000 chete uye 1,200 vanodzima kuchengeterwa rechiuto, vakanga rombo zvokukwanisa kuva kunze encirclement.

Several zana vezvourudzi akakwanisa seep kubva encirclement mumapoka maduku, izvo takadzivisa rakazaruka kunetsana pamwe nemauto eSoviet. Vanosvika 15 zviuru vakapona pasina kupfuura 1/5 of vashandi. Izvi zvakaratidza zvakare kuti nyore yokuti mapurisa mauto pakurwa akazaruka haana kukodzera chinhu. "Noumhare" zvavo zvose ari oga utsinye kuzorwa rehurumende hwevanhu uye vasungwa, masoja unarmed.

Zvisinei, pedyo aiva zvachose SS Division "Galicia". Mushure hondo Brody zvakanga chete nyaya nguva.

Uyezve kurwa nzira

Muna February 1944, mumwe hondo chechina hwakatamisirwa pasi Ternopil, apo nhengo dzayo zvinobatanidzwa kudzvinyirira pakati emagandanga kufamba. Zvadaro, vaiitawo nguva dziri kure zviitiko kurwisa mberi mauto eSoviet.

Zvakasara weboka hwakatamisirwa kuFrance, uko zvimwe kunodzidziswa zvechiuto yakaitwa. Muchirimo zvinenge vezvourudzi zvose vakatumirwa Noygamer. Kubva nguva nenguva ivo vakaramba kushandisa pakurwisana French Nemishonga.

Saka, nyaya yacho SS Division "Galicia" iri rechiuto mupfungwa, chaizvoizvo akanga zvachose anonyadzisa: mune hondo chaiyo Ukrainians vaiitawo chete kubva March kusvika July. Pashure yakatyoka zvachose Brody, munyoro vakasara yake chose reshape mapurisa dhipatimendi, uye akabva ashandisa bedzi mumunda uyu.

Slovakia uye Yugoslavia

Pakutanga October 1944 akazorora vezvourudzi, ane pamisara ipapo akadurura chaizvo "vazvipiri" basa zvakananga kubva mumugwagwa, vakatumira Slovakia. Pane "vakashinga Aryans" vaiita yaizivikanwa uye inofadza chaizvo chinhu amene, kudzivisa emagandanga sangano. "Dirlivangera bhurigedhi" aizivikanwa utsinye yayo pasi pakati Ukrainians. Nhengo dzayo zvichiri kurangarira zvakanaka Belarus, sezvo avo hana zvisingaverengeki upenyu nenzira youtsinye vanhu.

Where SS Division "Galicia" akanga akafanana akazotuma? Brody zvakakwana akaratidza kuti vezvourudzi maturo kushandiswa pamusoro dzose zviumbu vehondo Soviet, asi nokuti vakatumirwa Carinthia, uko ivo vakatevera reYugoslavia partisans. Pano Galicians uye akapedza okupedzisira mwedzi zvose pakurwa.

Muna 1945 nayo Anovhiringidza varwi vachiri ndima German, vachiedza kumanikidza kanenge kamwe "noushingi kuratidza kushanda mauto eSoviet." tariro pasina. Panongotanga daro Kutsvuka mireza UK mauto "patriots vakashinga Ukraine" pamwe rinoshamisa nokukurumidza vakamhanya muutapwa. Rakanga yokupedzisira kupesana yokufamba SS "Galicia" muhondo.

Mutaundi Tamsweg, umo vasungwa yaiitwa, Britain pave filtration nguva apo pakutanga tichishandisa zvinobudirira ukabatwa masoja SS. Fritz Freitag mukuru nhau iyi wakawira matema kuora mwoyo uye kuzviuraya. nzvimbo yake rakakundwa Polish Colonel Paul Shandruk. Zvisinei, nguva akaratidza zvakajeka chakaipa Freitag. Chirungu pambiru kuburikidza nemvura leaked zviuru Galicians, uyo zvakakwana kugara muEngland.

"Midsomer kumutengesa"

Chii chakaitika kuna "varwi vakashinga" weboka, vari saka noushingi vakamhanyira wokuti azvipe musungwa Chirungu? Haiwa, asi kutapwa kwavo zvakanakisisa munzira. Pane uchapupu hwokuti vakawanda kuti muna 1945 UK aiva nemasoja zvuru masere, uyo akashumira chete chete mu "Galicia".

Sezvo 1999 vaigara England kweinenge rimwe nehafu chiuru sezvo zvakananga Vatori zviitiko, uyewo vana vavo. hurumende The UK zvikuru vasingadi delves kupinda mibvunzo iyi. Zviuru masere British hondo nembavha mhosva ... mumwe munhu. Izvi "rombo" raiva Anton Sevenyuk.

Chii chaiva chikonzero kuvimbika kwakadaro? Chokwadi kuti kupa "patriots vakashinga" sezvo zita rimwe ... matanda, uyo makore mashomanana apfuura, akanga noutsinye. Ongorora zvakanaka uye musava, kana akanga ari kufarira yeBritain muropa. Pashure pezvose, kwete yawo uye maguta vaipiswa mhuka idzi.

Pakati pezana remakore 90s ari oga hofisi, izvo angada kuita mu "kubatwa yeNazi hondo vemhosva," uye vakaguma kuvapo zvachose. evatsigiri vaHitler, vakabudirira yabvuma kuti British, pakupedzisira kurega kutya vamwe mungozi yokuwana uye kurangwa. Zvinenge zvose zvinyorwa zvakadyiwa vachiri Classified.

Vakawanda vagari Albion Division weSS "Galicia", inozivikanwa. A firimu pamusoro wake, iyo filmed muEngland, kufanana vezvourudzi uye akashora utsinye, asi panguva imwe chete zvinojekesa kuti vazhinji masoja, kana vakanga basa nesimba, kana kukurirwa "zvechivhurumukira kudanana kumutsidzirwa rweUkraine." Ndizvo chete hapana chokwadi izvi hazvirevi tuzvikonzero nemhosva dzakakomba dzavo.

iyezvino chaizvoizvo

Nhoroondo dzakadaro paakaita uye nhasi ane Zvisaririra ayo. Nokudaro, SS Division "Galicia" mureza vanongogona kuoneka pane zvimwe zviitiko wakaitwa kurongwa shamwari, uyo vakakangamwa sei kurwadziwa zvikuru vakauya nonhumans izvi.