Saudi Arabia: vanhu. Saudi Arabia: guru, vakawanda, nharaunda

Saudi Arabia, pamepu iri pasi apa, ane nyika iri kumaodzanyemba-kumadokero kweAsia, achitora vanenge 80% of nzvimbo pakati muArabhiya Peninsula. Mabviro zita rayo hwakabatana wemhuri youmambo Saud, akavamba ehurumende uye anoramba mauri nesimba kusvikira nhasi.

tsananguro mukuru

Nzvimbo Saudi Arabia ndiyo mamiriyoni 2.15 mativi makiromita. Hurumende iri bordered ne Kuwait, Iraq, Joridhani, Brazil, Kuwait, Yemen uye Oman. Uyezve, zviri kusukwa nemvura kwePersian Gulf, muGungwa Dzvuku uye Gulf Aqaba. guta rayo guru riri Riyadh, inova musha vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni mashanu. Mamwe maguta makuru muna Saudi Arabia - a Jeddah, Mecca uye Medina. Vagari yavo akapfuudza chiratidzo vanhu miriyoni imwe.

Kuchamhembe munyika iri dzinoratidzwa subtropical ekunze, uye zasi - yakaoma uye Continental. Saka, chando inodziya uye chirimo - inopisa. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nzizi zvechigarire uye matsime emvura munyika imomo, uye vagari venguva hova aumba chete somugumisiro madzvotsvotsvo. Kupa yakachena mvura dambudziko chete iri kugadziriswa pokumuka nemakambani zvinobatanidzwa desalination mvura miviri, uyewo nokuda kuchera matsime chitubu.

political Structure

Muna March 1992, zvinyorwa okutanga yokudzora enyika nemamiriro ehurumende uye dzinokosha dzaro utariri vave vakagamuchirwa. Kubva kwavari, nyika Saudi Arabia iMhedziso_ zvesangano umambo. Hwaro hwayo remitemo ndiye Koran. The Saudi hwedzinza iri simba kubva 1932. King ane rizere zvemitemo, Executive nezvakatongwa simba. Masimba ake chete hunonzi achingopiwa kutsika omunharaunda uye Sharia. Hurumende iri kwayo ano chimiro yave zvichishanda kubvira 1953. Zvinonzi inotungamirirwa namambo, iyo inorondedzera chikuru zvataurwa kwayakaita. Pane munyika uye neDare Vashumiri, mabasa kuita kwete chete, asiwo zvemitemo mabasa. zvisarudzo zvose zvakatorwa nesimba iri, inofanira mvumo chirevo Mambo Saudi Arabia nyika. Vagari ehurumende vanosungirwa vazviite. Administratively, nyika iri muzvikamu gumi enyika.

upfumi

At moyo yomunharaunda upfumi ndiyo private akasununguka vachida. Panguva imwe cheteyo, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kutonga kiyi nzvimbo basa kuitwa nehurumende. Hurumende Anozvirumbidza mafuta reserves pakukura munyika. Nezvokuvandudzika anenge 75% zveminda ayo. Uyezve, Saudi Arabia ndiyo nyika vaitungamirira ekisipota ndarama dema uye kunokosha kutungamirira basa weOPEC. The nyika zvakare matura zingi, chromium, kutungamirira, mhangura uye nesimbi mhangura.

uwandu hwevanhu

The Verenga vagari vemo yokutanga yakaitwa muna 1974. Kubvira panguva iyoyo uye kusvikira nhasi nhamba Saudi vakawanda rakura kusvika katatu. Zvino nyika iri musha vanhu vanoda kusvika mamiriyoni 30 kusvika. Ruzhinji vagari vemo ndiyo navaArabhu, chikamu chikuru iyo hwaponeswa dzemadzinza sangano. Zvino kune marudzi uye shamwari dzedzinza anopfuura 100. Hazvibviri kuona chokwadi chokuti chimwe cheshanu chavagari nezvokuvandudzika vashandi vokune dzimwe nyika. Pahwaro pamutemo UN nhamba, sezvo 1970, mucheche mwero wokufa kwevanhu munyika yaiva 204 mucheche paavhareji zviuru kuzvarwa. Zvino paakati ichi paiva chinokosha yakanaka kuchinja. Zvikurukuru, nokunatsiridza upenyu uye utano mune mamiriro zviuru vachangoberekwa vanofa vana vose 19.

mutauro

Arabic ndiwo mutauro unonyanya munyika dzakadai Saudi Arabia. Population veimba anoshandisa advantageously muArabhia remutauro, iro rinobva El fuskhi. Inside rinomira tumitauro akawanda kuti vari pedyo nepedyo. Panguva iyoyowo, mumaguta vagari uye vazukuru muArabhu taura zvakasiyana. Chaiko uye mimwe mitauro vari kupesana kuduku pakati pavo. Mune zvechitendero rinoshandiswa kunyanya dzenhoroondo Arabic mutauro. mitauro kupararira pakati vatama kubva dzimwe nyika vari Chirungu, Indonesian, Urdu, Tagalog, Farsi nevamwe.

chitendero

Saudi Arabia anonzi musimboti vechiIslam nyika. Vagari rinenge panguva simba zvizere mariri anoti chitendero. Maererano nokufungidzira siyana, kusvika 93% vomunharaunda vagari vari Sunnis. Zvakasara vamiririri Islam anowira kunonyanya pamusoro Shia. Panyaya zvimwe zvitendero, anenge 3% yevanhu - tiri vaKristu, uye 0,4% - zvimwe zvitendero.

inotungamirwa

Cinema nyika hakusi vakasununguka chete, asi arege kurovererwa. basa rakanaka uye upenyu hwakanaka Saudi Arabia zvinogoneka pasina izvozvo. Chero zvakanga, pane zvakasiyana siyana zvirongwa, chikuru chinangwa yaiva rutapudzo ari kusadzidza mwero vemo. Pari zvino pane 7 mumayunivhesiti munyika uye muzvikoro 16. Vose vari kutarisirwa Ushumiri Yepamusoro Education. Inenge vadzidzi 30.000 pagore kudzidza kwose. Mumakore mashomanana emakore, hurumende yekudyidzana vakawedzera mari iri dzidzo. Zvisinei, hurumende kunoda vakawanda zvinhu mumunda ichi, izvo zvinofanira kuumba kuenzanisa patsva pakati ano uye nemakwenzi kudzidzisa.

mushonga

Mumwe zvemberi nyika zvenyika maererano mushonga ndiye Saudi Arabia. Vagari ehurumende ane kodzero asunungure chokuita mabasa ayo. Izvi zvinoshandawo zvose vagere mumaguta uyewo vamiririri Bedouin marudzi kuti famba murenje. Gore negore pasi dzoutano nehurumende kuti kunhivi 8% yekwataigara bhajeti, chinova chete rakakura chitsama. Fanira majekiseni anodzivirira pamusoro vachangoberekwa ndee pane zvemitemo chechetere. Epidemiological ongororo System, iyo yakatangwa muna 1986, akaita kuti zvibvire kuti chose kukunda uye kubvisa zvakadai zvirwere zvinotyisa sezvo denda, yeyero nefivha uye korera.

wevanotungamirira matambudziko

Maererano nokutsvakurudza masayendisiti, kana mamiriro kukura mwero nhamba vagere munyika mberi (nokuti 30 adarika, dzinomirira anenge 4% yevanhu pagore) ne 2050, vagari Saudi Arabia kuchasvika mamiriyoni 45. Nemamwe mashoko, zvikuru nokukurumidza, vatungamiriri munyika vane kugadzirisa dambudziko kwete chete kupa mabasa vagari asiwo nechokwadi yekutenga pakukwegura zvino vachimhanya Saudis. Basa iri harisi nyore kudaro, ivo hurumende, iyo ine saka hunoshamisa reserves mafuta. The panowanikwa matambudziko akadaro yakafanira zvikurukuru zvakanaka kuchinja muzvinhu zvokudya uye kutarisira utano, uyewo kuvandudzika yokurarama mamiriro munyika.