Russian Hurumende-vaiva nemabhengi sezvo rubatso munyika yacho mudanga upfumi

ReRussia rwezvemabhengi hurongwa hakusi homogeneous: rine guru uye zviduku vatambi, uyewo masangano umo siyana anokosha chakarurama - mugove mamiriro. Ndezvipi chaizvo basa mbiri masangano umo koshesa uwandu yesangano muridzi nezviremera?

Chii kubhangi ehurumende anazvo?

Credit masangano kuti muridzi nehurumende (kwakavakirwa nhengo imwe nokudzora danda) uye kubata vari nemabhangi ehurumende anazvo. The chikuru basa masangano akadai - kukweretesa chinokosha kubva nemaonero pamusoro nenyika zvoupfumi masangano, uyewo anoenderana mubhizimisi uye muripo kwema. Kazhinji, mamiriro mabhanga Russian basa kiyi, sokuronga kukosha kwemauto hwenyika kuti chokuita munyika chinzvimbo dzakawanda dzezvebhizimisi, uye basa kwakaoma zvikwereti masangano pamwe private guta.

Hurumende, rine zvikoro yayo zvemari, kune dzimwe zvokutengeserana kunotungamirira uye anoita chinokosha mudzimba maindasitiri (akadai zvokurima), ane mutemo munzvimbo yacho, Rinotarisira upfumi mumabasa enyika. Pane saka zvinoverengeka zvakajeka zvinodiwa kuti Pakusarudza iyo mabhanga - hurumende. MuRussia, masangano akadaro basa rinokosha mune National mari negwaro.

Central mabhanga. Muridzi Bank of Russia?

The Reserve Bank (Bank of Russia) - subspecies mamiriro mbiri tsika. Basa rayo - macroeconomic mutemo munyika upfumi, kudzora pamusoro basa mari masangano pamwe private guta kuitawo dzakawanda mari urongwa, kufambisa mashoko Implementation munyika kukura zvirongwa zvine urongwa. Central Bank Rinotarisira inokosha mari reserves veHurumende. The pamutemo of Central Bank of Russia, senyanzvi tenda, iri nani zvakawanda. Kudivi rimwe, guta guru mvumo kubva Central Bank munyika ndera Federation.

Zvisinei, inoshandiswa ndiye anokonzera nokubatira ehurumende (asi kwete vakutarisire), izvozvo inoshanda pachake zveminda ayo. Zvakaratidza kuti kubva nemaonero mutemo pamusoro Central Bank of Russia ndiyo yakazvimirira hurumende. Kwete chaizvo kodzero nharo kuti Bank of Russia - simba hurumende. Kana ukaramba pfungwa iyi maonero, hurumende iri kure kuva nemhedziso huwandu simba nokuda kushandisa yesangano iri Central Bank dziri reserves. Uye kana Somuenzaniso, chinangwa nehurumende anoratidza, Central Bank anekodzero vateterere matare dzakawanda.

CB: midziyo kunze

The Reserve Bank yave kunzi mabhanga Russian kose - zvikwereti masangano, achitungamirira zvinhu kunze kwenyika. Pakati pevaya - "Moscow National Bank" (iri London), "OST-West Handelsbank" (Frankfurt) "Eurobank" (Paris). mabhanga Russian pamwe nehurumende kutaurawo, naizvozvo, vari vazhinji dzakabudirira muEurope.

Basa zvemari masangano kwakadai ndiko kuvandudza mashandiro kuti muripo uye zvikwereti kwema nezvavatorwa masangano. mabhanga Russian kune dzimwe nyika kukwezva upfumi kuti zvinodiwa mamiriro, kuti zvakanaka kuti upfumi hwenyika. Sezvo kutonga, profitability pamusoro nemasangano aya (uye kukura vachibhadhara kuti bhajeti mutero) dzakakwirira kupfuura ezvokutengeserana mabhanga.

The nyika guru ehurumende nemabhangi

Sberbank kweRussia (Sberbank kweRussia) - iri pakukura tichitarisa zvinhu nechikwereti sangano pamwe nehurumende vabatanidzwe. About 60% of migove ine tsika zvemari ndezvevanhu vakuru, 40% - paruzhinji wechiGeorgian. The Russian State Bank yakavhurwa panguva yaitonga Soviet Union, asi mufananidzo wacho private mugove wenhaka - mumwe kumusoro mumusika.

Somuenzaniso, twa RAB musi 100% rinei Rosimushchestvo (imwe huru mitumbi iri maumbirwo mabhanga midziyo). Mumwe muenzaniso hombe Masangano chikwereti wehurumende - VTB Bank. Federal Property Management Agency muridzi zvishoma kupfuura 75% of migove ose tsika. Zvikuru yakakura mugove izvo ndowenyika hurumende, ari kuuyawo muna Gazprombank.

The rinokosha mamiriro Vnesheconombank

Vnesheconombank (VEB) - kadhi sangano kuti ane nzvimbo chaiyo chinzvimbo rwezvemabhengi ezvinhu nyika yedu. Chokwadi kuti basa rinoitwa vasina rezinesi uye haisi pasi pokudzora, apo dzimwe Russian ehurumende nemabhangi kugadzirisa izvi zvakavapo. Vnesheconombank kupfuura makore 90, uye kubva nemaonero mutemo chinhu paruzhinji repamutemo. In tsika, mabasa tsika dziri chikwereti zvinogamuchirika. Variants pamwe pamusoro Vnesheconombank ehurumende masangano nedzimwe chikwereti - Eximbank (zvakatangwa kutsigira kunze kwenyika). Kana izvi zvaitika, ipapo maoko zviremera vachava kutengeserana-rutsigiro mudziyo uchibatsirwa kukwana inopikira. Zvisinei, vamwe ruzha, sezvo dzimwe nyanzvi dzinodavira, nekuti basa uku kunogona kuva VEB yekare zvikwereti.

Nyanzvi: mabhanga ehurumende-anazvo zvinofanira kuva zvakasiyana siyana

rwezvemabhengi musika nyanzvi dzinotaura kuti kukura rwezvemabhengi ino anofanira kuva akajeka nhungamiro. Rimwe nyanzvi idzi vanoona hurongwa kuzviisa pasi pakati zvikwereti muzvikoro zvakasiyana siyana. Nokuti mabhanga vane kumira pamusoro nzvimbo, zvinonzi aronga kutakura Rosselkhozbank uye RBR uye World Bank. mabasa avo anogona chokuita kuti mari yacho mubhizimisi wokuti nyika, kukura zvokurima zvekutepfenyura.

On the "pamwero chechipiri" - Sberbank, VTB, VEB uye Eximbank. Kunyanya, Russian Security Council mashandiro, nyanzvi dzinofunga anofanira pfungwa akapoteredza matambudziko chokuita nemari deposits, uye kudzivisa kuwedzera wezvokutengeserana zvikamu. Russian Hurumende-vaiva nemabhangi "pamwero rechitatu" riri pfungwa nyanzvi vanofanira yezvisikwa: .. Zvipire, kuti ndiitewo mufambiro vachibhadhara, etc. The pamukova muchikwata ichi Banks maviri okutanga, maererano mari, vanofanira kuva nemishonga ematongerwo.

The kunyatsoshanda kuti mabhanga ehurumende-anazvo

Mumakore achangopfuura, akaita tsvakurudzo chokuita kukura Russian rwezvemabhengi hurongwa. Mune mumwe wavo wakazvizivisa kubudirira mabhanga, kusanganisira mamiriro. Kudzidza akaongororawo sangano uye nezvavatorwa kupindura. Credit masangano, basa nyanzvi migumisiro vakapesana muzvikwata shanu: nemabhangi ehurumende-anazvo, kufungisisa Security Council of Russian Federation, hurumende mabhanga vasina ukama kuna Security Council of Russian Federation, oga mabhanga pamwe nechepakati hofisi muMoscow kana muSt Petersburg, oga mabhanga mudunhu, uyewo subsidiaries mari masangano yokumwe.

It Vakawana kuti inonyatsobudirira - iri muboka pamwe Security Council of Russian Federation Russian mabhanga ehurumende anazvo. The Pamazita rinotaura nzira dzekuziva dziri kudzidza, akasimbisa izvi. vateveri vavo dzepedyo pamwero wenyika unhu basa vaiva private mabhanga kubva Moscow. Zvisinei, kubudirira yeRussian Security Council akanga zvishoma kuvatumwa avhareji kuti boka nemabhengi gumi pakukura maererano yesangano (asi achiri kupfuura avhareji nokuda pamusoro mapoka mashanu nemasangano).

rakavimbika mabhanga ehurumende-anazvo

mari zhinji (uye vanhuwo zvavo) vanofunga kuti Russian mabhanga ehurumende anazvo zvakawanda yakavimbika pane private vaya. Izvi, mune tsika basa zvikwereti masangano, broadly maererano chokwadi. Nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti nhamba iyi ine zvichinzwisisika. Chokutanga, hurumende-vaiva nemabhengi tichiregeredza zvikuru nhoroondo ruzivo ane zvakawanda maturusi kuti kwematunhu kuwedzera uye anowana yeGmail.END_STRONG chivimbo. Chechipiri, maererano mari, hurumende kazhinji Sponsors zvirongwa kuti vari kunyanya zvakadzama mutengo-zvinobatsira pachisara riri zvachose kwete sevanhu private chikwereti masangano. Chechitatu, pemahombekombe ehurumende anazvo angarega kuhaya vanhu panguva yakaderera mubayiro pamwero, izvo vakawanda kunowedzera operative Kushanda masangano uye kukwikwidzana zvichienzaniswa oga mabhanga.

Nemaonero mabhanga ehurumende-anazvo

Pakati vamwe mari pamusika nyanzvi yakakurumbira chinyorwa kuti nhamba wehurumende munyaya nemabhangi uchaderedzwa zvishoma nezvishoma. Zvisinei, pane pakuva yesangano ose masangano, zviremera vachatsvaka kuti pave kurudyi vanhu panguva chidhiraivho. Panewo zvakapesana nemaonero kuti rutapudzo wehurumende varidzi vari rwezvemabhengi mugadziriro asina kupfuura akazivisa kumaonero: zvakaitika chaizvo zviri pamutemo kuumbwa. Maererano nemaonero wechipiri, kushandurwa kuchaita chinozoiswa kana Chokwadi, anoratidza chakarongwa kutapurirana migove (kana kutsinhanisa mabasa) pakati-siyana ehurumende masangano. Zvimwewo nuances dzaanofanira tarisiro zvikwereti masangano pamwe nehurumende Kupinda - mugove Central Bank mu basa ezvokutengeserana mabhanga.

Pane pfungwa nezvokukosha mubve guru Central Bank of private zvemari masangano sezvo CB nzvimbo sezvo muridzi inopesana rake basa kuti nditarisire uye basa iri mubereko youpfumi yose munyika. Gore rimwe zvazvingava vangagara kuvandudza mamiriro pemahombekombe Russia - 2014, pakarongwa zvichibvira zvinhu zvichida kubudiswa mumapeji mapepa Central Bank kana unyanzvi zvemagetsi.