Bhiri: mhando uye unhu

Mhando kuchengetedzeka kune vakawanda, isu funga muudzame mumwe wavo.

Veksel.Suschestvuet yakawanda classifications zvikwereti, zvichienderana zvinoshanda nzira ndedzinotevera marudzi kuchengetedzeka.

Zvichienderana vatori vechikamu uri nyore (Solo) uye transferable (gwaro) bhiri. Wevimbiso chitsamba ane mbiri chete kumativi webato ndizvo: payee uye kumucheri. Yokupedzisira ndiyo mhosva, uyo vakafunga kubhadhara mari kuti chaiyo nzvimbo panguva yakatarwa, kuti anaro. Kana zvakadaro kuvhiyiwa pane pati rechitatu (the payer), zvino tiri kutaura pamusoro bhiri. The kumucheri anoshandura kubhadhara mari kuti payer (drawee), izvo achizoripa pamwechete payee (billholder) kure.

A bhiri ave mumwe, vaviri, vatatu kana kupfuura vanhu. Pane zviitiko apo muiti anogadza pachake anenge mari, kana iye zvimwe zvirevo uyo. The chikuru kushandisa mabhiri ndechokuti kugadzirisa chinetso kuchinjwa mari pakati munyika. mhando iyi kuchengetedzeka ane zvimwe zviitiko kuti kana kurasikirwa chepakutanga, unogona kushumira panzvimbo: chepakutanga kana wokutanga Somuenzaniso - gwaro, yechipiri - wechipiri, wechitatu - wechitatu.

Zvichienderana ari ezvokutengeserana kutengeserana ndiko kure (vanozivikanwa), pfuma, bhengi kana mari chiridzwa. Treasury mabhiri nekanzuru hurumende kufukidza bhajeti dhefisiti. Commercial bepa iri mudziyo zvikwereti sehwaro munhu mari mutoro iri kutengeswa chikwereti. Kwakadaro kuchengeteka kunogonawo kuita sechinhu chinokosha kutengeserana, apo rinoshanda kutsiva mari nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana mabasa kutengwa uye kutengesa zvinhu. Bank bhiri ane dhipoziti fomu kazhinji, uye rinoshandiswa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana kwema zvemari. Finance bhiri iri nyore kuwana mubhengi, nokuti iyo unofanira kugadzira keshiya bhiri mari uye kubhengi achava ngaateme rugwaro mumaoko ake kwenguva 1 kusvika 270 mazuva.

Bank bhiri, akavapindurawo, rakakamurwa mubereko uye dhisikaundi bhiri. Interest-kubereka chitsamba chinhu chakafanana chikwereti: nayo anotengesa kune hwakarayirwa chezita kukosha uye atsive nechido kuti "donhwe" pane mumwe musi pamwero Rinopereterwa iri bhiri. Kubereka manotsi atengeswa panguva imwe dhisikaundi kana dhisikaundi uye vakaregererwa sezvadziri. Kufarira akatakura wevimbiso manotsi "vari" isingadhuri zvikuru nokuti Central Bank anoti chitsama chiso kukosha uye mutero pamusoro mari yakagamuchirwa muchimiro mubereko kana mibayiro ndiyo 15 chete%, ukuwo okutengesa kwemari musiyano iri kutereswa pamwero 35%.

Zvichienderana Software indarira, itirana uye ushamwari zvikwereti. anonakidza bhiri yendarira, chisingazivi kufukidza zvokutengeserana, haana muzvirongwa chaiko kwema, hakuna kuita mari, uye hazvo zvaibatanidza zvekunyepera munhu ari kero yake. Friendly bhiri - iri kuchengeteka kuti vanhu vaviri asunungurwa pane mumwe kuti mari mari iri mubhengi pasina sangano kwenhumbi.

Sezvo nzira kuparadzira bhiri angava wenhumbi, uye ndarayira vakanyorwa. Of mazita kuchengeteka yakajeka zvikuru sei vanogona vakapfuurira anaro yacho kumucheri. Tsanangudzo kunoda chete kuti bhiri. Ndiye kukumbira kuchinjwa vakasaina.

A bhiri pamberi muripo wakakodzera musi unouya, zvinogona kutapukira kune payer kudiwa. Ita kubvuma bhiri iri kufunga kuripwa nokubatira kuchengeteka mukati nguva yamunenge mairi. Kana payer anoramba kugamuchira, kubudikidza gweta akaita bhiri ratidziro.