Rugby ndiyo nhoroondo, mitemo, modernity

Rugby - handina kunyanya zvakakurumbira yokuRussia mutambo, kunyange muna West ine vateveri vakawanda. Uyezve, pane mhando ichi mitambo yaisanganisira mu Olympic purogiramu, uye pane kanenge nehasha fungidzira mitemo yayo.

mutambo History

Mumutambo uyu mari yakakura mazita uye mhando. Zvinonzi zvakare kakawanda kuvhiringidzwa American nhabvu, zvichida nemhaka akafanana chaizvo mitemo uye zvinangwa. Asi Rugby - zviri zvachose kuparadzana mutambo dzakatangira England.

Kunyange wenhabvu zvakanga zvakakurumbira Albion kuMiddle Ages, pamutemo musi chitarisiko ichi kurangwa mitambo runoonekwa musi April 7 1823 gore. Zuva iroro, panguva yemitambo mukukudza mhemberero kukunda pana Waterloo,-makore 16 anogara kuguta Rugby zvaipesana mitemo yose mutambo yabata bhora mumaoko ake uye vakamhanya kuti muvengi, "nechepasi". Uilyam Vebb Ellis haana chete kuva muvambi mutambo mutsva, rinozivikanwa panzvimbo yayo chitarisiko, asiwo akatanga naye wokutanga utongi - kushomeka uwandu vatambi muchikwata anosvika gumi.

Kana ichi ichokwadi kana kuti kwete - zvakaoma kutonga, asi ngano ichi midzi mupfungwa vanhu, kusanganisira nhengo munharaunda Rugby. Gare gare vakasikwa zvakananga mitemo, bhora angosimuka ano chimiro, kuti vakasununguka kubata uye kurasa, uye muna 1900 mutambo rakabatanidzwa mune Olympic chirongwa. Asi kwete kwenguva refu - kare muna 1924 mukati yechinangwa Nemitambo Rugby makwikwi yaiitwa kokupedzisira, uye ikozvino chikuru ushasha mumutambo uyu ushasha nyika iyo kwakaitika dzose 4 makore. Zvisinei, muna muzhizha 2016 mafeni ndichazviisa panharirire kudzoka kukunda mumwe mhando mitambo servicesactiopurge muBrazil.

mhando

Rugby - mutambo kuti inogona kunzi zvakanaka muduku. Kunyange zvakadaro, akaparadzaniswa nhabvu uye uende kwavowo okukura, rine pacharo awana kuwanda mhando. Huru misiyano pakati pavo chokuita nguva kana vatambi musango. Anobudirira zvikuru mhando imwe Rugby-7, iyo waibatanidzwa purogiramu Olympic Games muna 2016. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, game anogona kuridzwa chando kana kumahombekombe, uye ichakurukurwa munechimwewo mutambo.

Uyewo, vazhinji vanoenda kuchechi kazhinji kunyonganisa Rugby uye American nhabvu. The yokupedzisira, kufanana ayo Canadian mhando hwakabva kwokutanga siyana vokuBritain mutambo, asi zvino chose akazvimirira mutambo. Somuenzaniso, muna nhabvu, rinoshanda chaiyo nengowani nezvimwewo zvakaoma kuti hachisi Rugby.

mitemo

The kuedza kutanga codify game akaitwa chete muguta Rugby. Zvino 1846, uye wokutanga mukuru dzakawanda dies kwakaitika muna 1871. The ano mitemo mutambo ndeinotevera:

• The mutambo paruchaitika munda nzvimbo kwete kupfuura 100x70 mamita. Pamwe kumicheto pasuwo vari vaviri kutwasuka mbiru imwe chinjikira zviuno. Munda uchiita kuti nzvimbo shoma umo mirayiro anopa zvimwe zvaidiwa mutambo.
• The chikuru basa ari mutambi - kuti zvibodzwa bhora iri chikwata rinopikisa, kana kufamba nayo ive nzvimbo kuti kubata pasi. Nokuti ichi, uyewo vamwe mamwe mabasa zvibereko, pfungwa dziri vakawedzera.
• Kupfuura mberi hakubvumidzwi - unogona kupfuura bhora akaererana chinangwa mutsetse kana vatambi shure. Kutumira kutumira projectile anogona chete gumbo kana kumhanya naro.
• Kubvumira kuti mutambi ane bhora kunzwisisa. Chinangwa - kugogodza imwe anokumhan'arira patsoka dzake, paakanga ane kuti yekuti munhu anokubatsira. Vakabvumira akadzvinya chero chikamu muviri kunze musoro uye mutsipa. Izvi hakusi kuisa danho kana kusunda munhu anokumhan'arira.
• mutambo nguva yava maminitsi 80 yakaisvonaka, rakakamurwa sezvikamu zviviri. The weNobel ndiyo chikwata panguva iyi zvikuru pfungwa.

Zviri pachena kuti mitemo havana kuti rinoda asi pane dzakawanda chaiyo okunze, zvakadai somunhu chengarava, uye kurwisa kenza. Chokutanga, rinoreva mamiriro ezvinhu apo mumwe mutambi ane bhora ndiye Akavhara mumwe kana kupfuura vamwe vatambi, apo kuramba kuonana nevaunotamba navo mumitambo. Kana yechipiri anouya vachionana vatambi, kana projectile riri pasi pakati pavo. Pakupedzisira, kurwa - ndiyo imwe uye chinonyanya kushamisa uye kucherechedzwa zvenyaya mutambo. Kana iye akagadzwa kuva mutongi, vatambi yabuda pasi chaiyo zano uye kupinda pachena kunetsana nechinangwa kuti mutore bhora. Kunyange pane maonero kuti Rugby - iri wakapona chaizvo mutambo, chokwadi, pasi mitemo mukana kutambura usingashandi.

vatambi

Munguva klassiske mhando, chikwata chimwe nechimwe chine 15 makuru uye 7 Sevamiririri. Vaya vari kusango, muzvikamu 8 mberi uye 7 nevanozvitsigira. Mumwe mutambi, zvose pakutanga uye muchikwata rechipiri, nzvimbo yake anoita chaizvo kushanda, zvose panguva vanhuwo weboka mutambo, uye anokosha ezvinhu. Uye kunyange zvazvo zvingaita sokuti Rugby hachisi chinhu kuitira vaya vasingagoni vanozvirova kukura uye simba, hazvina kudaro. dzimwe nguva Agility uye kufamba zvinogona inokosha, kunyanya kana zvakakodzera kuti vatore bhora panguva kurwa.

Pakupedzisira, kuvapo kuwanda akasiyana siyana mitambo, akaderedzwa vanhu kunyange pasina dzidzo ipi mumuviri inokosha, inoti Rugby vatambi - ichi hachisi tsandanyama makomo.

kugova ano

Rugby - ndiyo yechipiri rinofarirwa kupfuura mutambo munyika, mushure dzose nhabvu. Zvinonzi pakurira munyika dzinopfuura 100 pasi pose, uye munyika dzakawanda zvinonzi kunyange kuzivikanwa somunhu National mutambo. Muna 1886, International Rugby Board (IRB) rave akaumba. muviri ichi paine zvose nyaya chokuita Games.

Kugara wakaitwa Tournaments. Remasangano aya ndiwo ushasha nyika, asi kunewo akaparadzana Championships wezvikwata Northern uye Southern hemispheres. In kufanana mukono nehadzi kazhinji inoitwa Tournaments. In yeOlympic kusvikira yokupedzisira Rugby haana kuiswawo nekuda mitemo vhiki kwemasikati pakati mitambo nokuti zvikwata kuti, muna 16-zuva makwikwi hazviiti.