Reactance - chii?

Munhu kare zvavanoda magetsi, zvemakemikari, uye renyukireya. Nokuti waishandiswa tsananguro neimwe pane mamwe pfungwa inobvumira kuti maitiro chaizvo yavo. Somuenzaniso, inobudisa akadai simba, zvikuru, arambe achirema, et unto., Nokuzivikanwa rakaiswa muzvidzidzo kwete chete yemagetsi, asi vamwe anozivikanwa mhando simba. rinoshandiswa Imwe pfungwa yezvisikwa akadaro chaizvo, shoko rokuti "Kusaurayiwa" dzemagetsi. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, kune analogues - Absorção de Água, vaparadzirwa, chadzera, etc. "Nemishonga" - chokwadi, maitire simba munda varasikirwa. Chinangwa zvesainzi iri chokwadi kusarudza chii chinokonzera kuti kurwisa.

Kupikiswa aitenderera ane hunyambiri hunhu - muti, nemishonga uye reactance. Nokuti zvemagetsi kurwisa kwakaita muitisi Nde hunhu uye kurwisa anokonzerwa kufamba muitisi zvinhu vatakuri. Zvikonzero pakaunda ichi kunogona kuva zvakasiyana, rinotsanangura zita rayo zvakasiyana. Kupikiswa anogara pamwe rokutendeutsa imwe mhando simba kune imwe Akaroromesawo chikuru rine simba. Nokuti kana magetsi simba nerubatsiro nzira, uku simba kutendeuka kupinda chafariz electromotive simba, rinobva kana yemagetsi simba.

Kare, wokutanga kurwisa Biography aiva kudzidza nemishonga, riri nokuda kutendeutsa kunobva kondakita kuti kudziyisa simba. Izvi zvinoitika nokuti mhosva (maerekitironi uye ndiro) pasi pokudzora munda EMF panobva yakatama pamusoro guidewire, nenzira yokufananidzira, 'kungoita "crystals kana mamorekuru nyaya. Saka, yakawiriranwa kupanana simba kuchinjirwa kunotungamirira kuwedzera kudziya muitisi, i.e. pane kutendeuka zvemagetsi simba kupinda chafariz simba. Kana kunobva electromotive simba haachinji nhungamiro dzaro uye kwakakura U, magetsi ndiri mudunhu akadana dzose, uye kurwisa R mudunhu iri rinowanikwa kubva mutemo Ohm kuti: R = U / I.

Nemishonga DC redunhu kunogona chete kuva tichishingaira. Reactance "anoita pacharo sokuti" chete mumatunhu AC, ane zvakananga inductance (coils) kana capacitance (capacitor). Kutaura zvazviri, chero kondakita ane zvimwe inductance uye capacitance, asi kazhinji vari kunyora nezvavo kuti vanongosiyiwa. The inductance uye capacitance apo ichiyerera payo mhosva yemagetsi kutendeuka simba yavo remagineti pakati coils kana yemagetsi munda dielectric. Zvakachengetwa simba nokudaro, panguva kuchinja chiratidzo kunobva emf, akadzokera ari muchimiro kinetic simba mhosva, saka zita - "reactance".

Inductance mu AC redunhu "anodzivisa" kuitika chokubuda kubudikidza vaizviita induction Fani: kuchinja ichangobuda vanowanika nokuchinja emf bhuku kunokonzera kuchinja mune remagetsi munda zvokuti anoedza kuramba kuitika mudunhu nokuda zvakachengetwa simba simba remagineti. Kuyera inochengeterwa simba chiyero mudunhu inductance L, izvo zvinoenderana kakawanda e AC. The reactance of inductor vagara vandifungira zvinotevera payakavakirwa:

XL = 2 * π * F * L.

A capacitor munzvimbo AC redunhu rinoungana kuti simba electric munda kubudikidza dielectric mutariri. Kana kuchinja pezvemakuriro uye / kana zvataurwa kunobva emf voltage dzakachinjika capacitor ndiro vachitsigirwa ne rinooma kuvhunduka, sezvamakaropafadzwa refu, kunokonzera capacitance C capacitor.

The reactive impedance yacho capacitor, uyewo kakawanda zvaanoda, kunopiwa:

Xc = 1 / (2 * π * add * C).

Kubva aya zviri pachena kuti nokuwedzera kakawanda uye / kana capacitance impedance kunodzikira. Saka, nokuti AC vematunhu, apo pane resistor, imwe inductor uye capacitor, zvinokosha kutsanangura zvimwe zvachose nemishonga uye reactance. Kazhinji, kuti nzira kuti pakuverenga ari impedance ane "pifagorovsky munuhwi":

Zv2 = Rv2 + (XL + Xc) v2

* Note: Mune «V» vanofanira kuverenga «Z akaenzana", etc.

Uye pakupedzisira impedance payakavakirwa iri sezvinotevera:

Z = √ (squarte) Rv2 + (XL + Xc) v2.