Railways Museum, St. Petersburg: tsananguro, nhoroondo, zvinonakidza zvinhu uye wongororo

The miziyamu hakusi chete chete iwe. Tichengetedze nhaka uye munhoroondo indasitiri, kwakatangira guru namaoko, achaita kuti nyika imwe akasimba munyika, sezvo basa iri miziyamu dzimba uye okuchengetera zvivako. History zvakasikwa, inotungamirwa, kugadzira njanji munyika yedu yakatanga mazana maviri akapfuura. Sezvo zvakanga, akatarira seyokutanga unyanzvi, mabhiriji, uye chii vaiva zvokushandisa, akati Railways Museum muSt Petersburg.

chokutanga ekisiposha

Central Museum of Railway Transport of Russian Federation muSt Petersburg musi Sadovaya Street nderimwe mamiziyamu ekare yakatsaurirwa kuchengetedza nhoroondo pfungwa yesayenzi. Zvisikwa Its vanobatanidzwa pachake Emperor Alexander I, kuburikidza nekuita Manifesto ichi zvakakodzera. Rinoti hwakagadzwa Institute of Corps pakati Engineers panguva Yusupov Palace, apo vanofanira kuramba inokosha Russia nezvimwe inoti iri muchina uye kuvakwa. Yokutanga mhando akaonekwa 1813. The kwamagwaro yaiva dzimba matanhatu apo Exhibits unganidzwa pachishandiswa kuva imwe bhora. Uyewo ari kuchengetera kuuya zvinyorwa pakuvaka, mugwagwa Layouts, zvivako uye mazambuko.

Muna 1823, ivo Institute uye Museum Railways zvaitambidzwa Moskovsky Tariro. Nokuti mapepa uye kuona kuwana vashandi zvose pamusoro njanji, kune voruzhinji kushanyirwa akasvinudzwa kubva 1862. The muunganidzwa kunoramba kukasawedzerwa, chikuru zvinyorwa zvaiva masangano, shumiro uye vagari hanya.

Museum anonzi pashure Nicholas I

Pazuva rechi100 gore yokuberekwa chevaux Nicholas I, akaita zvakawanda kuti kukura njanji kwezvivako kuRussia, kwakasarudzwa nokuzvisimbisa chishandiso muSt Petersburg Museum, achimupa zita mambo. Rapanzvimbo zita uye nhamba yemakambani Exhibits vanoda nzvimbo huru. Kuvaka kwakatanga rechivako chitsva pachena nyika iri Yusupov mumunda kuitira kuti ayo France rakatarira Sadovaya Street. Kunze zvinhu zvine chokuita kuchiteshi mabhizimisi, ari miziyamu itsva vakatumwa zvinhu yeRussian kwamagwaro Water Transport, muchirongwa Paris Wenyika Fair (1901). The nhaka pakuratidza ichi uye unogona kuonekwa nhasi ari miziyamu, akadai muenzaniso "Plaisir Yacht" Peter I, ngarava inopwanya aizi "Baikal", mazambuko uye zvichingodaro.

New Railways Museum yakavhurwa 1902, uye 1904-nhurikidzwa mbiri bapiro yakavakwa kuti showcase mupfumi kwamagwaro. Izvi akaisa hombe rarities: Boat Petro I, uye igwa Emperor Alexander II, iyo mireza pechiteshi rechiuto. Bapiro yechipiri yakavakwa muna 1909 uye hwakatamisirwa miziyamu akatanga, iyo panguva namakore zana.

The Soviet kumwedzi

The Revolution uye Civil War akapotsa akaparadza yose Museum Fund, chete kuitwa iyi akakwanisa kuramba zvinenge zvose. Akatanga kushanda muna 1924, ari kuratidza yaisanganisira dzimba shanu, izvo kutarira kuburikidza nhoroondo nzendo kukura zvifambiso.

Pakazosvika 1934, hwakanga 11 843 vamapoka okuchengetera pamusoro nyaya mari yacho miziyamu. Panguva iyi mukuru Railways Museum anotanga tsika mapazi sangano, vachifamba kuratidzira.

The Great Patriotic War kwakaita wandei kuvadza pakuvaka miziyamu, Exhibits vose akatizira Novosibirsk. Recovery makamuri uye basa iri itsva nokufumurwa vakatanga pashure vachisimudza of blockade muna 1944. Zvinoitwa tsvimbo ndiye wokutanga inoratidzirwa yakavhurwa muzhizha 1948, akaronga Zuva pechiteshi pamusoro nzvimbo Central Park.

Status of Central Museum rakagadzirirwa muna 1987, iyo akavhura mikana zvikuru mashoko kuungana uye replenishment. Panguva ino Danho Railways miziyamu dzimba dzinopfuura zviuru 60 zvinhu, izvo zvinosanganisira zvinyorwa, lithographs, vanodhirowa, Layouts, mienzaniso, uye vanenge makumi mashanu locomotives izvi.

kwamagwaro

Railways Museum (St. Petersburg) koka ona Exhibits yakarongwa muna pfumbamwe dzimba:

• Hall №1: «Kuberekwa njanji mu Russia". Mikoko kutaura pamusoro railroads yokutanga kunyika uye nyika. Pachako unogona kuona yokutevedzera wokutanga njanji, kuongorora kukomba wokutanga turakiti lining. Pakarepo akaratidza muenzaniso mumwe hwemvura locomotive rokutanga.
• Hall №2: «Bridge Engineering". On pacho pechivanze unogona kunakidzwa siyana shasha zvikuru kwevanhu mumunda zambuko kuvakwa nokuda Railways. The Museum inopa kudzokorora yemashoko anorembera, chimwe-njanji, zvakasimbisa kongiri, danda nezvimwe Zvivako mabhiriji zhinji.
• Hall №3: «Rolling Stock". The pashoo dzimba dziri mifananidzo, mienzaniso wokutanga hwemvura locomotives uye ngoro. Anotura nderechokwadi rinovira, inopa kubatana kuna Railways. The miziyamu anochengeta zvinyorwa chokuita nguva iyi, izvo zvinogona kuwanikwa mahwindo.
• Hall №4: «Railroads Kukuru Patriotic yeHondo 1941-1945".. Nhongonya ichi vakabatikana kamuri diorama, achiratidza vavakezve dzoparara chechitima. Pamberi yemashoko warrior nezvitima uchishanda panguva Civil Hondo Huru Patriotic War.
• Hall №5: «Building uye mugwagwa michina". Pechivanze rinoratidza nhoroondo uye panguva yokutevedzera motokari dzaizopiwa mugwagwa kuvakwa.
• Zal№6. "Marongerwo michini ano." Marongerwo kunokosha wavo mavambo uye nhoroondo. Railways Museum anoramba muna 1935, zvikabva raiva chiteshi Krasny rutendo (Donetsk njanji). Panewo kushanda muenzaniso shunting locomotive.
• Zal№7 "locomotive." Mumwe zvinonakidza Exhibits. Imba ine renguva saizi injini. zvinobvira kuronda nzira muchina kubva kuswedera kuti kushandisa muchina. Uyezve, akaratidza guru muunganidzwa chenhau mifananidzo.
• Zal№8 "Railroad motokari". Pano, kuti mhindumupindu engoro, kubva kupfuura chinyakare kune unyanzvi hwakasiyana zviitiko, akashandiswa chokufambisa ramafuta, doro, hove Live, etc. Recent Zviitiko zvemainjiniya Russian kuti mukuru-nokukurumidza kufamba, uyewo iri muhoro.
• Hall №9: «Organization nezvitima". Railways Museum iri vachizvitumira unyanzvi kubva nhepfenyuro kutanga kwazvo kunzwisisa kombiyuta mugadziriro nhasi. Pane akatasva hombe-pamwero kwokunyepedzera-up (43 metres refu), izvo zvinoita kuti tinzwisise chaizvo ari vanotumira basa rinosanganisira pazviteshi mana, Magetsi.

Stock Exchange

Pachiteshi, "Swan Lake" Oktyabrskaya Railway, Railways Museum akaronga pashoo nzvimbo dzingafarirwa vakuru nevana. It vakaunganidza 50 Exhibits rinomiririra locomotives chaidzo. Vamwe vavo vane yakasiyana uye nhengo kwemakore siyana inoshandiswa, pane locomotives ose 1913 locomotives muna 1944 uye nevamwe. Part locomotives ochengetwa pashoo nzvimbo yacho Riga yemapurisa (MSC chitima) uye panguva nzvimbo yacho Warsaw Station (Nov. Dzidzisai).

Reviews

Anodzokorora Museum Railways vashanyi muSt Petersburg nokuda kworutivi nechido, kunyanya kana papa akaita karwendo nevana. Vanhu vakuru vanoti vazhinji izvi locomotives, locomotives, uchishandisa yokutevedzera. Positive ratings vakaenda vakapofumara, zvinovaka hurukuro pamusoro mumwe zviratidzwa ari miziyamu. Vashanyi akataura kuti muviri ruzivo kwave yekudyidzana kukasawedzerwa.

Negative mashoko anoreva vashoma zvinhu kunogona kuonekwawo kubva mukati. Moms vane vana kuchikoro uye kuenda kukireshi zera achinyunyuta kuti kukwira pamusoro makuru zvinhu zvakaoma.

Asi zvinonyatsorehwa maonero akanaka, anenge vose zano varege kupfuura, uye kuuya uye ona zvose pachako, achangogara vakasununguka nguva. Museum Railways, Address: Garden Street, Building nhamba 50 (Metro chiteshi "Spasskaya", "Gardening", "Sennaya".). . Tickets arasikirwe rubles 300 pamusoro mevhiki, kwevhiki - 400 rubles. Nokuti vana, vadzidzi uye mukuru vagari discounts.