How Kukura Truffles: mycelium, ivhu rwokugadzira. Where truffles kukura

Kunenge kuti iwe wakasangana murume akanga asati ambonzwa truffles. Asi vashoma vedu akagona kanenge kamwe kuedza iyoyi delicacy zvinodhura. It kunoitika saka kashoma kuti kana ani zvinofambidzana chokwadi kuti anogona kuedza kuunganidza kubva ayo Suburban nharaunda, vanhu vavhiringidzika shrug. Pashure kuverenga nyaya ino, uchadzidza sei kukudziridza truffles pamba.

Apo inokura ichi akasiyana howa?

Pasinei chokwadi kuti nhasi yakura mune zvinenge zvose dzepasi, kuti chili ichiri kunzi rudzi pfuma France. Vagari wehurumende ichi dzinonzi delicacy ichi kujairika chete se "muchinda capricious" kana "dema nedhaimani".

The guru kushamisika ndechokuti kunyange nhasi hakuna munhu anogona kutaura chokwadi chakakwana sei chili inokura. Izvi hazvina kuzivikanwa kunyange unyanzvi, vakawanda hwake wakayeriswa kuti kudzidza notumwe. Chokwadi kuti pasi pasi, apo pane truffles, kunyanya pakuti zvinomera, mudzi hurongwa riri dzinorwadza chikuru makabhohaidhiretsi. Uyewo truffles rhizomes miti kudzivirira pamusoro microbial zvirwere. Micellar tambo zviri chakuvhe envelop midzi nemiti yakabva kune dzimwe, rokunyorovesa kwavari zvimwe unyoro. In sainzi, coexistence zvakadai anozivikanwa sezvo symbiosis.

Sezvo Anowanza chili?

It mycelium nderei uye chinonyanya kukosha pakati chakuvhe. Naizvozvo, munzvimbo truffles kukura, vanoda kunyatsotarisirwa kuita chero kupikidura basa. Kubva mycelium utano anotanga vanoshingaira kukudziridza fruiting muviri, kuti spores izvo zvichaita mubasa haizopereri kubereka. Kusiyana nemamwe zvose notumwe, kubereka chili zvinoenderana kurarama mhuka mudondo. Animals vanoiwana uye kudya. Zvadaro kugaya kuti chili spores anowira pasi, achipa upenyu mycelium itsva. Airwarirwa mhuka dzomudondo, chakuvhe exudes imwe munuhwi. Zvisinei, izvozvo hakusi unofadza dzevanhu kunhuhwidza. Achibva zvikuru truffles kunhuwa zvinonyanya kwakafanana nokunhuhwira nehanyanisi kuora kana kusvibiswa herring. Uye vashoma rudzi pakati chakuvhe nokushingaira inotokonya secretion pakati gastric muto muvanhu. Humwe howa ndehwevakadai dema Perigord chili.

Chii chili?

Description of chakuvhe anogona kuwanikwa chero unyanzvi dhairetori. Izvi pevhu marsupial chakuvhe tsvuku, kuchena, chena kana dema mumvuri ane dzine klubnepodobnoe muviri, akafukidza ine ganda. Inside the chakuvhe ndiyo nyama sechigaro inovhiringidza yokuchinja mutsinga. Encombrements delicacy, izvo akatema sezvinoita unopenya machena, ingabva mazai zvihuta kusvika guru apple. Mycelium chili vanosanganisira youpfu fibers izvo kupinda munzvimbo yomukati akaturikidzana ari cortex masero midzi uye kushingaira kuwadzana navo.

Under chii ezvinhu anogona kukura ichi howa pevhu?

truffles Usati kukura, unofanira kukumbira, vanogona kukura mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Mukuru zvimiso kurima howa delicacy anoonekwa noushamwari ekunze. Izvi zvinodiwa kugona nani akakodzera kuti mumasango enyika Portugal, Spain, kumaodzanyemba Germany, Italy, France uye Croatia. Iye inokura Pacific kumhenderekedzo America, Tunisia, Algeria uye Morocco. Very kashoma kuwana truffles ari namafuro.

Zvinoita kukura delicacy ichi kumba?

Nhasi, kuwedzera nhamba yevanhu vari kuziva sei achikura truffles, uye kana kuzviita pachako. Just vanoti kuti zvakaoma chaizvo. The chikuru ndechokuti kutaura Implementation aro basa zvizere. Zvakakosha kusarudza zvakanaka yepamusoro mizambiringa yakabva kumwe, kuwana nzvimbo yakakodzera uye kugadzirira ivhu zvakanaka.

Vaya vanofarira sei kukura truffles pamba, kunzwisisa kuti ichi chinhu chaizvo kunzwisisa muviri rinoda mutoro nzira.

The chikuru zvokukura howa maberekero

Zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti kurima truffles inoitwa mumatanho matatu. Panguva kutanga kwekupwanyiwa transplantation rinoitwa mycelium rinonyanya zvakanaka nzvimbo. Danho rechipiri iri kukura mizambiringa yakabva kumwe zvitunha muchero. Uye chete pashure kuti unogona kutanga kudyara chili duku muchando. Kazhinji, howa vari akaberekwa nokuda yekudyara miti vaduku vane chili mycelium yakatanga.

How kusarudza uye gadzirira nzvimbo dzokudyara?

Zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti notumwe aya zvikuru picky. Vanofanira kuva noushamwari okunze. Naizvozvo, avo vanogara kunzvimbo dzine chisina kutsiga ekunze, with hot chaizvo yechirimo uye kuchitonhora dzechando, zviri nani kusiya pfungwa. Kana uchigara munzvimbo umo zvinhu yaikura delicacy ichi, unogona zvakachengeteka mberi kusvika Implementation hurongwa hwake.

truffles Usati kukura, unofanira kuwana nzvimbo yakakodzera nomunda. Ivhu vanofanira akapfuma calcium manyowa, ph exponent anofanira zvinenge 7.5. Nhandare pamusoro icho aronga chirimwa truffles, panofanira kuva vamwe notumwe, vanokwanisa kukwikwidzana navo. Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti zvakare Mabhuku eBraille nzvimbo zvinogona kuomesa zvokuimba Tillage.

Kazhinji, nzvimbo inofanira kuva yakanaka nzvimbo hama kuti zuva uye mhepo. Uyezve, tinofanira kuva nemishonga mvura kukurwa kwevhu, uye une pamateru isingadariki madhigirii 15.

kudyara urongwa

Kuunza Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri mamiriro ezvinhu kurima truffles, unogona mberi zvakananga kumhara. Nguva yakanakisisa yokuti pakudyara ndibatanidzwe howa mycelium mizambiringa yakabva kumwe vaiona chitubu, kana haina kutarisirwa chando. miti Young wakasimwa muvhu, zvachose isina sora. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, Makomba akachera muvhu, kudzama, rinosvika 75 cm. The nharaunda 40 masendimita muti mumwe wakasimwa varumbidzwa yokudira paiva pevhu rapera yawira pomuouki mashizha. Mizambiringa yakabva kumwe anofanira kufukidzwa epurasitiki firimu girinihausi.

Pane imwe nzira yaikura howa izvi - pamusoro sawdust. Zvisinei, ruzivo urwu kunosanganisira anonyatsotsvaka pre-nekutumirwa kwemauto kudzidzisa pasi. The substrate vanofanira saturate ari calcium manyowa, uye musoro akafukidzwa yakachena pomuouki kana Beech sawdust. Shure kwaizvozvo, ivhu rinofanira kuteurwa fetiraiza yakaoma, uye chete ipapo unogona kutanga kudyara howa. Mycelium truffles hwakakanyiwa ivhu ndokuwarira pamusoro sawdust.

Kutarisira kudyara?

Edza sei achikura truffles, regai dzikama vachifunga kuti pashure pakudyara, unogona kungogara shure uye kumirira kukohwa. Kutaura zvazviri, kwavari kunoda vamwe hanya. Nguva nenguva, miti anofanira zvokudya fetiraiza yakaoma, izvo nyore zvinogona kuwanikwa chero unyanzvi chitoro. Uyezve, Zvinokurudzirwa kuti ivhu zvishoma micronutrients (Boron, zingi, magnesium nesimbi). zano iri rakakodzera nokuti kurima Hazel inoculated pamwe mycelium of chili.

Uyewo, usakanganwa pamusoro huru tupukanana woumambo howa, izvo zvinosanganisira nguruve uye tsuro. mhuka idzi zvaisambobvumirwa kutanga kukwira munzvimbo truffles kukura. Kwete ngozi zvishoma kuti chakuvhe ichi nhema mapete weevils. Miti naHama chili vanodawo kunyatsotarisirwa. Vanofanira kuva pasi nguva nenguva kuchekerera ndiko kubvisa chikuru chikamu mapazi simba uye hunde kuderedza kumusoro. Izvi rinobvumira kuwedzera permeability kuti vasanaiwa nemvura uye chiedza chezuva muvhu.

kukohwa

Akazviratidza muzhizha chili fruiting muviri anofanira kukura kwemwedzi inoverengeka. Kazhinji, yematsutso wasvika zvaida ezvinhu. Ripe dema chili kunaka iri mhiri rumbidzo, exudes munhuwi inofadza ndakasimba. Underripe chakuvhe vangazivikanwa kubudikidza yakatsvukuruka deko. Kazhinji, goho truffles matema anogona kukohwewa kubva November kusvika March. Kunyatsovira vachena Burgundy mhando uye pane zvishoma nokukurumidza.

Muunganidzwa notumwe aya chaizvo nowenyika pakukohwa mbatatisi. Zvisinei, pane imwe subtleties shoma. Zvikasadaro, unogona netsaona kukuvadza mycelium, saka kuti miti truffles nokukurumidza nokuomesa. Tinofanira kuita pamwe chakazara hanya, zvinyoronyoro kubvisa ivhu kubva fruiting mitumbi notumwe yacho. Hazvifaniri kuchinja uye kudzivirira kukuvara ezvinhu mycorrhiza kuvimbika ivhu mamiriro. Ko chete kuunganidza akaibva howa.

Kuti rikurumidze kukohwa kuibva truffles zvinogona munyaya nedanho mhuka zvikuru vakadzidziswa. Ivo vakabuda, vakauya munhuwi muchero zvakavigwa pasi muviri muvhu. Zvinangwa izvi, unogona kushandisa kwete chete imbwa, asiwo nguruve. Kubva zano nharaunda mumwe hectare zvinogona inounganidzwa kubva 50 kusvika 100 makirogiramu notumwe.

Vazhinji chirimwa anonyatsorayiridzwa akachengetedzwa rose gore. Truffles zvinogona chando uye waoma ne lyophilization.

Useful mazano nokuti beginners howa

Pakarepo asati yekudyara miti vechiduku havagoni isa fotereza ivhu. Kuita kudaro kungaita rufu mycelium. Panguva achiwana zvakafanira kudzivirira mudzi ezvinhu mizambiringa yakabva kumwe. Mugomba, iyo vachange kudyarwa vechiduku yemiouki, anofanira kudurura mvura shoma, arisase pasi uye mvura yacho kakawanda.

Mune ramangwana, unofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti ivhu pamusoro pechiso haamo makatsemuka. Kana dzidzo nzvimbo iri anofanira kusasa jecha. Kuwedzera yemiouki, rinogona kushandiswa, uye zvimwe miti, kusanganisira yemiorivhi, maranjisi uye Redwood. Nokuti anobudirira kurimwa truffles yokudyara udzamu inofanira kuva masendimita 75. The chete nzira nechokwadi kudzivirirwa pachivande howa kubva chando, mhepo uye tupukanana. Zvinonzi zvaisambobvumirwa kukura truffles pedyo spruce, poplar, the willow uye Chestnut.