Agricultural pamwe: pfungwa, mifananidzo, zvinangwa. The bumbiro yaiita zvokurima yanana

Agricultural kugadzirwa pamwe, zvokurima pamwe nemamwe marudzi masangano evanhu, chokuita yakafanana mabhizimisi kwemauto, zvava dzakakurumbira. Chokwadi ichi ane nyore tsananguro imwe: zvivako akadaro vachikubvumira nokubatanidza kuitwa nevanhu vanoverengeka kana zviri pamutemo masangano, izvo hwezvekukurukurirana zvikuru kubudirira-siyana zvebasa mukati zvavakanga vachida kuita. Uyezve, ichi kushamwaridzana youduku runoita kuti vabudirire kukwira kuita uye kusvika itsva kwevari yauinayo.

Chakakoshera mushandirapamwe

Kana kurira hwakadaro izwi se "kurima pamwe", tinofanira kunzwisisa kuti uyu sangano inoumbwa vaburitsi zvokurima kana avo vaitungamirira oga mapurazi.

Hwaro paumbwe imwe maumbirwo akadaro chokuzvidira nhengo, uyewo vavariro kwemajoini kugadzirwa kunogona kuonekwa kana chero rimwe basa.

Uyewo, kutanga zvekufamba sezvo kudaro zvinoda mubatanidzwa pfuma mugove zvipo pakati nhengo pamwe. Izvi achagutsa zvinhu zvinodiwa nesangano.

Zvinokoshawo kuziva kuti zvokurima yanana kunogona Mutengi uye maindasitiri. Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane pachake zvachiri uye chinangwa.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti munyika dzakawanda nenhungamiro pamwe iri huru ndiwo chete uye misiyano haagoni kunzi chinokosha. Somuenzaniso, imwe yokusafa hunhu zvivako akadaro democratic kuzvidzora mashandiro. Kuti munhu wose ane kodzero kuvhota, zvisinei kukura Unit, kusanganisira panyaya kusarudza dare miviri. sarudzo idzi, uyewo kusarudza pezvidzidzo, unogona kuenda chete zvayo vhoti.

zvinhu pfungwa

Kuti tinzwisise zvakakwana chii chinoumba zvokurima pamwe, zvakakodzera kuteerera mashoko anokosha. Tsanangudzo idzi kuramba kushandiswa kurondedzera mabhora siyana yebasa zvivako, yakarongwa co-kushanda format.

Unogona kutanga pamwe nhengo. Saka, imwe nhengo pamwe kunoonekwa sechinhu repamutemo kana chaivo munhu asangana zvose zvinodiwa yeUnited mutemo uye vesangano bumbiro. Uyewo kubva yeboka sangano zvinoda kutanga mugove waakaudzwa uwandu. Kana zvose zvakaitwa maererano akagamuchira hurongwa, nhengo itsva sangano iri kodzero kuvhota.

Zvazova kuita nhengo pamwe inewo izwi kuti anofanira kuteerera. Muchiitiko ichi tiri kutaura mamwe munataisireva asina chokuita mureza pamazita zvinodiwa kuti yeboka pakuita muripo. Kwakadaro mamwe basa angava akakodzera Somuenzaniso, mumamiriro ezvinhu umo Lenders akapa pamwe nomutemo, asi sangano hachisi kukwanisa kusangana navo nenguva nenzira. Zvinofanira anokwezvera yokuti zvose kukura uye ukuru zvazova kuita iri pakutsvaga bumbiro yechivako chacho uye mitemo Russian Federation kamwe zvakare.

Pasi mushandi ari masangano akadaro vanofanira kunzwisisa munhu asiri nhengo sangano uye kukwezva imwe mhando yebasa achishandisa basa chibvumirano.

Zvinokoshawo kunzwisisa kuti zvokurima mugadziri. Tiri kutaura pamusoro epamutemo kana dzinongoitika munhu kuti mubasa kugadzirwa chero chigadzirwa. The chikamu zvokurima zvibereko muchikwata ichi vanofanira kunge anopfuura 50% of zvachose Vhoriyamu zvigadzirwa kugadzirwa nenzira imwe kambani.

It avabate pamusoro kutanga yakadai migove. Ichi izwi zvinokosha kunzwisisa mipiro chinoitwa nhengo pamwe iri Mutual Fund sangano. Rinogona kuva mari, nyika uye chero yesangano, uye kodzero kuti vane mari ukoshi. Kune vose zvinokosha uye yokuwedzera zvakarurama zvipo.

Cooperative kubhadhara - haasi mumwe, sezvo vachibhadhara kune vechikamu sangano azvaitwa nomupiro basa rinoitwa neimwe.

Nhengo iri pamwe

In sangano akadaro anogona kuvapo mhando mbiri nenhengo: dzose nhengo uye kuwadzana nhengo pamwe. Muchiitiko chokutanga tiri kutaura pamusoro vanhu uye masangano. Uye nevatengi chimiro pamwe zvinosanganisira kuita basa dzinongoitika vanhu chete. Imwe neimwe nhengo dzesangano vanosungirwa kuita basa mupiro uchitanga uye uwandu kuti yakatogadzirwa. Vatori ava okuwedzera inokosha mitoro kuita (chikamu) uye akagamuchira marongerwo, zvichiteverwa kuvhota.

Panyaya akabatanidza mhando, muchiitiko ichi tiri kutaura pamusoro zvemitemo kana chaivo vanhu vakaita mugove mupiro uye pamusoro wayo maererano vanogamuchira mibayiro. vari muna yechinangwa mupiro yayo kugoverana njodzi zvichibvira nezvinhu kunobva mabasa musangano. Agricultural pamwe chete kuyeuka mapato kubvumira yokupedzisira haana Zvinoshingaira mune zveupfumi mabasa.

kugumiswa nenhengo chawo chingava chinhu kunze, kuti goho riri sangano, kuchinjwa mugove, ari liquidation iri repamutemo uye kubhadhara Sub-mari panguva pakusuma, uye zvakazara. Zvinofanira kunzwisiswa nenzira yokuti munhu uyo mugove mupiro anogona kuva nhengo pamwe pachishandiswa chete mumwe ezvinhu.

Chinangwa zvokurima yanana

Zvivako izvi mhando Chokwadi, havasi netsaona. Ivo vanoita mamwe mabasa, izvo pakutsvaga Vatori asati paumbwe sangano. Sezvo cooperatives chokuita zvokurima nemauto, - wesangano kwete chete guru, asi chaizvo vanhu, kuvapo zvinangwa kunopfuura musoro. Heano mazano kushanda masangano aya, vari zvakare zvinangwa:

- Democratic kuzvidzora;

- nhengo chokuzvidira;

- kuwana yakawiriranwa rubatsiro uye zvikomborero zvoupfumi;

- mamwe (chikamu) kuita kwenhengo;

- kuparadzira Purofiti ukuwo, mupiro neimwe yeboka (mugove nomupiro, chaizvo mabasa);

- tanga zvinodiwa pamwe nhengo.

Asi vose, zvivako yakadaro inodiwa kusvika matambudziko chaiwo kuburikidza zvakajairika kuita uye zvaainazvo. Zvinokoshawo kuziva kuti mashoko ari mabasa sangano anogara kuwanikwa nhengo dzayo.

Munhu wose akatora mugove pamutemo basa kuumbwa mamiriro, anogamuchira bhuku nhengo, rine mashoko anotevera: musi kukarukureta uye kukura increment nesekondari mugove.

vatengi 'yanana

Izwi iri rinoshandiswa kureva sangano asiri purofiti vaiva ne vaburitsi zvokurima. In kwayo kurapa democratic musimboti rinoshandiswa kureva imwe nhengo pamwe angava mumwe vhoti. Nekuratidza hweruzhinji anogona kunzi kune chido kuwedzera mari vechikamu uye achivapa nhando mabasa zvavanoda nokuda mapurazi avo.

Chete pasi ezvinhu kuti nemamiriro kwenhengo vachava kanenge 5 vanhu uye 2 pamutemo masangano, okurima nevatengi cooperatives zvinogona kuumbwa. Mabasa nemasangano inosiya chikamu ari mamiriro unitary emakambani sezvo nhengo. akavarambidza izvi zvinoshandawo chokuita Company, iri ehurumende anazvo uye matunhu neminisiparati unitary mabhizimisi.

cooperatives anogona kuronga dzakasiyana siyana Nekubatanidza nemasangano vakaparadzana mune imwe yakakura kana zvakakodzera. Mune ramangwana, izvi zvingaenzana maumbirwo National uye kunyange dzakawanda kukosha.

Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti chinangwa kiyi basa anofanira kupiwa muzita sangano, pasinei iri Mutengi mhando kana okurima kugadzirwa. Masangano Cooperative uye kuti rinogona kurondedzerwa se ive sangano nechinangwa vakarongeka ezvokutengeserana chero mamiriro kubvumira Vatori kuenda horizons vangasimudzira itsva, kusanganisira kunze kwenyika.

Zvakanakira kwakadai sangano Angasanganisira mukana mbune vaburitsi vatengi, uye somugumisiro, munhu sizeable achisimbisa chinzvimbo yayo magetsi musika chidimbu. With zviwanikwa izvi, ari pamwe nhengo vanokwanisa zvinobudirira kudzivirira zvavanofarira vose pamberi kubudiswa emakambani, uyewo siyana zvokutengeserana makambani.

kugadzirwa yanana

Ichi zvokutenga sangano iri vakasikwa vagari kuti chinangwa pamwe kwavanoita. Tiri kutaura pamusoro kugadzirwa, kubudiswa uye kumusika okurima zvigadzirwa. Chaizvoizvo, izvi ndizvo chikonzero nei SEC rinonyoreswa. Agricultural Mukudhinda Cooperative, pfungwa, rinogona nezvezvandaifanira chero basa kuti hauna wairambidza nomutemo, asi zvinotaurwa pamusoro ndivo zvikuru nevanhu.

kugadzirwa pamwe nhengo haagoni kuva pamutemo masangano, chete vagari yeRussian Federation, uye vaya chete vari nemakore 16. Panguva iyoyowo nhengo dzesangano vanofanira kutora pachake chikamu mabasa ayo. Zvinobatsira kuziva kuti shoko rokuti "chikwata" rinoshandiswa kureva cooperatives dzakarongwa ari muchimiro mupurazi rehurumende.

An dzinonakidza ndechokuti kuti kugadzirisa zvose kiyi Zvaitongwa sangano rinoshandiswa zvokurima pamwe Protocol. Gwaro rinoratidza zvose mashoko pamusoro musangano, izvo Somuenzaniso, akatora mutongo kubvisa imwe nhengo kushamwaridzana kana kuti funga zvimwe nyaya. Pamushumo unogona kuwana mazita vechikamu zvose musangano, chinangwa ekupedzisira akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze, uye chokwadi chisarudzo chokupedzisira. mapepa kwakadaro kunoita kuti kuronda cheni rose zvisarudzo zvinokosha sangano kana zvakakodzera.

The nemamiriro bumbiro

Gwaro Iri nheyo sangano, uye pasina zvizere basa hazvibviri. Naizvozvo, mutemo zvokurima kugadzirwa pamwe anofanira kuumbwa haambokundikani.

Panyaya ayo mamiriro, chinosanganisira zvikamu akawanda anokosha, uye nhamba yavo inogona kushanduka kana zvakakodzera. Akumbirwa vakatanga vamwe huru zvikamu zvinogona kuratidzwa ari oga muboka. Kazhinji, ine zvinotevera mamiriro:

1. Pakutanga, rinotaura mukuru zvokudya. Pano vagara vandifungira ndechokuti pamwe iri repamutemo, yakasimbiswa pasina kukamurwa ukoshi uye unoshanda pachishandiswa bumbiro. Mamwe mashoko wakanyorwa pamusoro mukana pave kuchengeterwa uye indivisible mari, kodzero kupinda zvibvumirano uye kwema yakadaro, uyewo zvose zvamarudzi kuita uye zvimwe.

2. Zvinangwa uye kwakaita mabasa. Muchikamu ichi bumbiro chokurima kugadzirwa pamwe rinopa mashoko pamusoro zvinangwa iro sangano akasikwa, uyewo rinorondedzera zvakajeka ose yakaronga zviitwa.

3. Nhengo. chinhu ichi murau anosarudza ani uye pasi chii ezvinhu anogona kuva nhengo imwe sangano. Chikamu ichi anoperetera akabudisa peculiarities pakati nekuita nevanhu uye mumatare masangano.

4. sungiro uye kodzero nhengo pamwe. Izvi chinogumbura mashoko kunodiwa kuti azive zvose chii nhengo zvose zvakaenzana uye chii zvavanofanira namaoko. Inokurukurawo kuti zvinobvira zvirango muna chiitiko vasiri chokupika mitoro yavo pasi usingaperi.

5. nzira uye zvinhu kupinda pamwe uye kugumiswa nhengo mairi. Rine mashoko chii rinotaura unofanira kupa zvose vanoshuva kuva chikamu chimwe nokuwadzana. Uyewo chikamu ichi kunotemwa sezvakarayirwa chikumbiro uye zvinoita chikonzero kukundikana. Zviri ichi zvikamu zvinhu ngadzirambe achibudisa nhengo bhuku uye zviri mariri. Kana mugove kutapurirana ezvinhu uye goho zvemupiro sangano, vari zvakare hunotaurwa zvizere. Pfungwa vechikamu uye zvichiita achisiya chacho.

6. Kutonga. Hazvina chinokosha ose mashoko, rine murau zvokurima nevatengi cooperatives. A nzwisa gwaro iri kuchabatsira kupa zvakanyatsojeka sechivako muchikamu ichi. Kazhinji, pane akatsunga mazita chidhiraivho kuti unofanira kuumba fanira hwaro. Uyezve, yakatarwa ezvinhu zvakasikwa dzavo uye anokosha uchishandisa mazano.

7. pfuma. Chikamu ichi kunodiwa kuti kuziva zvakadzama sechivako nokururama uye chikwereti. Rinotsanangura chii chinoumba makirisito guta asiri haibatsiri sangano (pasuo, mutemo unoti mamwe mipiro, Reserve Fund , uye vamwe.). Inotsanangurawo kuti zvekuvaka yavaive uye mamwe mashoko akakodzera.

8. nokubatanidzwazve, kugumiswa uye liquidation yacho pamwe. Chikamu ichi zvinokosha kuti kuwana mukana munhu batanidzo uye, kana zvakakodzera, unogovera. Akaronga kuti umo imwe isiri yezvokutengeserana sangano rinogona kubviswa.

9. Additional mbuva. ruzivo urwu yokupedzisira kuvhara achiumba mirau rokurima mutengi yanana. A muenzaniso upi gwaro iri mhando anouya kwapera kwavari. Chikamu ichi kudiwa kugadzirisa mashoko pairi kuchinja chero inogona kuitwa muna Charter pachayo. Uyewo dzinoratidza musi gwaro uye uwandu makopi zvakaenzana pamutemo simba.

ndiko kuti nyaya mutero

Administration basa iri pamwe zvichaita nezvemuchato mitemo yakasiyana mabasa, uye zvingava zvinoda nhoroondo dzinoverengeka.

Saka, kuti azvidavirire nokuda zveminda nevasiri ezvokutengeserana rinoshandiswa 86 "Target mari", iro rakanyorwa mashoko. The hwaro chiito kwakadaro ndiko chati nenhoroondo kuti zvemari uye zvoupfumi basa.

Uyewo, kuti mamakisi 90 inoshandiswa kunyora mari kubva entrepreneurial mabasa. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi chinonzi "Sales".

Pane imwe bhiri pasi nhamba 08 uye "Investments mu asiri iyezvino zvinhu" zita. Anofanira kuramba zvinyorwa guru inivhesitimendi sangano.

Zvinokosha kuteerera chokwadi kuti mitero chinhu zvokurima pamwe chete makaita kuvaka zvinhu siyana ine maitiro ayo. Panyaya iyi, mutengo basa rinoitwa chikwereti mamakisi 60, uye debit nhoroondo 08.

Kana uri kushandisa nzira yokuita chinhu nokuda mari chokuita pakuvaka zvakananga zvivako, zvinhu zvinotevera pamusoro zvekushandisa zvoupfumi:

- zvinhu;

- overheads;

- mari chokuita nokushanda uye dzigadziridzwe michina uye nzira;

- Payroll pamwe mari kuti mumagariro hunhu;

- dzimwe mari.

Kana zvose Co-op dzinoshandiswa kunoparirwa kuti chinangwa chahwo, kubaya kwemari asina kufungwa mukugadzirwa yomutero hwaro. Panyaya VAT, maererano Kazhinji, masangano akadai vabhadhare nayo.

The General Meeting yaiita zvokurima yanana: masimba

Kuti ichi ndicho chikuru rinodzora ari chivako chakadaro, uye ane kodzero yokuita chero sarudzo nezvemabasa musangano wacho. Namasimba General Meeting kwazvo kuti anogona kusimbisa kana kudzima Mutongo supervisory bhodhi uye bhodhi iri pamwe.

The General Meeting anewo oga kugona mukubata dzimwe nyaya. Zvingava Somuenzaniso, nzira kugoverwa purofiti uye Kurasikirwa pakati pamwe vemapato, pakuunganidza uye kuzvibvisa nyika, uyewo Chiumbo mari, asi bumbiro tendero, kuchinja kuti nechivako kwayo, tsanangudzo hukuru uye mhando mari, uyewo nokubatanidzwazve uye liquidation.

zvekurima pamwe kuzvidzora pasina muviri ichi hazvibviri. Zviya, kunze negashiro vechikamu uye pamwe inobatanidzwawo mune vakawanda musangano.

nyika mubvunzo

Kana isu nezvazvo nenyika, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pfuma iyi inogona kuva pamwe uridzi. Panguva iyoyowo nhengo dzesangano vane kodzero akatamisa nyika ive mugove mupiro kuna nokubatanidzwazve anogona kurishandisa saizvozvo.

Uyewo, nyika yekurima pamwe anogona kutengwa kana vane mamiriro pfuma shamwari pane dzimwe nhandare. Kana kushandiswa munyika, chidziro, yakarongwa co-kushanda youduku kodzero kumisa unodzivirira dondo yecocoa, kushanda mukati yechinangwa zvokurima kugadzira, uyewo nyika kushandiswa nokuda kwedzidzo uye tsvakurudzo. Fish kurima zvinogonawo kunzi Donongodzo iyi.

Dzimwe nguva kunyika chiito sezvo kuripwa mupiro muchimiro pfuma.

zvabuda

pakutevedzera shamwari dzakadai zvokurima pamwe kwakadaro, ndiyo aizobudirira inonanga uye akakodzera. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti Association mapurazi uye okurima cooperatives hunopa mupiro yakanakisisa budiriro co-mudzimu uyu mhando muRussia. Chinangwa ndechokuti kudzivirira kodzero ACCOR masangano duku mune zvokurima uye varimi, uyewo rubatsiro nomazvo kwavo quantitative kukura. Naizvozvo, ichi pamanyorerwo neshamwari kuwedzera kutora midzi expanses yeRussia.