'Rail War'

Batisisa kuchiteshi kukurukurirana nomuvengi-pamwero remagandanga kuvhiyiwa panguva Second World War akapa konoro yacho olden Mazuva saboteur bhomba. pfungwa dzake dzakanga rinotsigirwa Musoro TSSHPD (Central Headquarters pakati ari partisan kufamba) refutenendi General Ponomarenko, uyo akazvipa kuna Stalin uye vakagamuchira mvumo nokuda Implementation kwavo.

Scale remagandanga sabhoteji chainzi "Operation Rail hondo". Kwakasarudzwa kuti vazvichengete pamberi rinokosha hondo inokosha pa ari Kursk kuzvimba. Pausiku muhondo iyi, nhamba mauto evavengi vaiva pamusoro zvakaenzana. Zvaizobuda hondo kwaienderana kune pamwero sei zvinobudirira ichaitwa rinoshamisa mauto kushandisa muuto uye, Chikurukuru, kupa mamiriro ezvinhu unokupai hondo zvose zvakakodzera.

"Rail hondo" - rakagadzirirwa chacho. Kudzidziswa The nzvimbo uye zvikoro remagandanga vakawedzera uwandu vakadzidziswa unyanzvi ari kuparadzwa uye varayiridzi.

Nokuti waipedza muvengi vose kuchiteshi kwezvivako nedanda rechikero umo akanga aronga, zvaida akawandisa detonators uye zvinoputika pacharo, iro rakanga risiri guerrillas. Supply zvidzidzo kunze achishandisa kumberi avhiyesheni mauto.

"Rail hondo" akaronga kuti pave pamberi, kureba chiri zviuru makiromita kubva kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba uye mazana manomwe namakumi mashanu chete kubva kumavirira kusvikira kumabvazuva kudzika. Zvisingakuvadzi aida kuomerera mumatanho matatu, rimwe nerimwe aifanira refu gumi kusvika matatu mazuva.

"Rail hondo" akatanga muna 1943, musi August 3rd. Communications muvengi panguva akarwisa makumi manomwe nezvina guerrillas.

Ponomarenko, kushandisa pfungwa Starinov vakazoroorwa yakatanga yayo urongwa okupandukira mabasa. Ponomarenko akafunga kuti kuramwa ngozi iri muvengi echelons kukodzera. Maererano naye, zvakanga zvakakwana kuti vanyatsoona rinopamura panguva njanji, kukanganisa njanji vachishandisa mhosva duku. Saka vakaronga kusika kuperevedza njanji makwara kubva vokuGermany uye kuparara nezvifambiso zvinosvika kuna Kursk kuhondo.

Starinov, akavapindurawo, akadzivirira pfungwa yake maonero, nharo kuti muvengi echelons nzira dzinokosha chinangwa. Kunze akaparadza njanji chete zvakakwana kudzorerazve sezvo vachienzaniswa okuguma matambudziko anokonzerwa pokuwa chitima. Izvi zvingareva kuti kuparadza zvikuru kwakapararira uye zvinovhiringidza vari kufamba.

Somugumisiro, mukomana akwegura akatumwa kumuzinda Ukrainian uye Ponomarenko akaramba dzika urongwa kwayo.

Kwete pasina kwayo zvetsika zvetsika Soviet. Ponomarenko akatisiyira chaicho urongwa iri nhamba vasanyanya njanji kuti mapoka emagandanga. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nzira iyi vanyanye kukuvadza. Hurongwa dzataurwa kukoromora kwete chete huru, asi yokutsiva, uyewo havaratidzi kana kwete zvachose akadzivirira makwara. Somugumisiro, vazhinji vehondo vanosarudza kuridza kukwira zviduku nzira unexploited bazi.

Panguva iyoyowo vokuGermany akadzidza nokukurumidza zvakakwana kudzorera "pfungwa kukuvara," izvo, inofanira akati, vakanga kazhinji hapana zvinopfuura 30-35 masendimita. Ivo akazogadzira "njanji zambuko", iyo seari pamusoro dzoparara nyika. Kushaikwa emifananidzo vaNazi rinoshandiswa kuzadzisa mashoko zvisingawanzoitiki zveBelgium, mapazi Dutch.

Nokudaro, "Rail hondo" rokutanga Danho anokonzerwa yakasiyana inofungidzirwa wanyanya vakawanda Red Army pane vokuGermany.

Nokuti padariro utungamiriri emagandanga sangano rechipiri uye rechitatu atora kufungawo kukanganisa. nguva ino haina kuitwa chete "pfungwa" kuputika, uye vakaridza vakasimudza njanji pamusoro munzvimbo huru, achiparadza sleepers. Muna December 1943, chikuva rechitatu.

Pasinei nezvikanganiso, "Rail hondo" akaita akaderedza huru nhumbi vaibva kuEurope kusvika East, vanopfuura 30%.