Popigai mwena kuSiberia (mufananidzo)

Planet Earth rave "yakateurirwa" meteor mvura. Pashure pokuwa guru meteor zvimedu vakasiya pasi vakasiyana zvisaririra - astrobleme kukuru hukuru. Masayendisiti vakaongorora anenge 150 huru "nyeredzi ronda" aine dhayamita oscillating iri kuwanda 25-500 makiromita.

Chaizvo asteroid guru chifonyedzo nayo vaiona Popigai mwena, riri pamusoro munharaunda Russia. Largest dhayamita zvinonzi rakava wechina. Popigai astrobleme - Monument zvakasikwa pasi yemapuraneti scale, riri pasi UNESCO kudzivirirwa.

Location Popigai mwena

Makore anenge mamiriyoni 35 apfuura kuSiberia, kuchamhembe chikamu Anabar Shield, apo Yakutia muganhu pamwe Irkutsk nharaunda, nenyika chinopinda monolithic hofori zvomuchadenga nomuviri chimiro humburumbira. Rinotsemuka pose panyika muna Popigaj bheseni meteor kusiya chihombe gaping mwena kudzama 150 metres.

Popigai asteroid mwena, apo pane yakasiyana munda pakati madhaimani vatema, anopindura chikamu kwakadziva expanses pakati Krasnodar nharaunda. Kumabvazuva divi chifonyedzo akatambanudza kuna Yakutia. Ndakawana inoshamisa astroblems dhayamita 100 makiromita muna 1949 AD Kozhevin.

The nemamiriro mwena Popigai

Popigai astrobleme - a panzvimbo guru mhete mamiriro. Zviri mubatanidzwa maringi uye ovals. Izvi "Star ronda" sokunge munhu tenderera dzegirini. fanera rinosvika kudzika 200-400 mamita. Its nzvimbo mukati ari zvishoma akazara quaternary sand uye gravels.

Chokunze mhete pamusoro fanera zvasvika wakafara makubhiti 20-25 makiromita. bhodhi rayo rinoumbwa sedimentary namatombo. Vakatambura kwazvo deformation kunokonzerwa kubva Centrifugal kumusumudza uye TOUR mitswe yakakura amplitude displacements.

The dhayamita pamusoro mukati fanera - 45 makiromita. It achiumbwa nokumutsa chindori pamwe tichingoda percussion. Inogona kuonekwa kuparadzwa uye magirazi inclusions. It akaumba simba gobvu rukoko pamusoro namatidza-zvakadai fuma.

Popigai mwena Yakutia ane makirisito rukoko akapeta impactites. ukobvu Its anenge maviri makiromita. Friable zvinhu zvakasiyana siyana kwemavara nemavhinga uye zvimedu vakaumba allogeneic breccias vane simba 150 metres. Impactites kuumbwa girazi, fused gneiss uye zvicherwa.

Meteor dzinoputika kumanikidzwa pamwe panguva kwacho 105 pascals uye tembiricha anenge 2000 ⁰ C. Izvi zvakaguma pakuti gneiss ikanyauka kuti mvura ezvinhu. The chinjwa guru, kupararira radially panguva kumhanya, rin'i zvivako aumba. Emerging kubva pakati jets nehova, izvo mudungwe pamwechete pasi fanera.

Kusimba Impact ane asteroid pasi kwakaita kuti paumbwe nechepakati kukurudzira. Zvadaro kuzvimba yakawedzera inertia kusvikira mwena Kuzadza kwakamboitika, uye kwakavharwa nenyama kudzoka simba iri zvakakwana.

Features astrobleme

Nzvimbo yakapoteredza mwena Popigai husingakuvadzi pasingagarwi. Kuchamhembe astrobleme duku mumusha chete zita - Popigaj. Pachine asina akura miti, pasinei nokuti Zvikomo akasungirirwa navo kwamakore makumi maviri pashure kumira mugodhi.

Pamaware placers akapararira pasi petsoka, sejecha. Soft zvishoma weathered matombo. Chikonzero ichi - the kwebasa kumusoro-pasi akaturikidzana. Pakati calcareous masarasara kuumbwa yakadzika in.

Zvino akawana vakadzikama mvura. Aquifers kuitika panguva kudzika mumwe mita. Water nechando ari in, vatsigiri "akarova" akaturikidzana. Popigai meteorite mwena - nzvimbo ivhu inowanikwa achirova-rova rinobva anomaly. Pamwe, pane chinoitika ane chiwanikwa resimbi tubhokisi zvinhu.

Pfungwa "Break Great"

Muna 1970, masayendisiti, kwakavakirwa zveBhaibheri pamusoro kusimira yamatombo, sediments izvo vakatambura matambudziko utsotso nekuodza, hypothesized astrobleme meteoric mavambo. Maererano nevanotsvakurudza ruzivo, yepasi pose muviri ndokunobondera kuSiberia nyika makore Eocene-Oligocene kutsakatika chiitiko. "Break Great" chakaitika panguva imwe chete nokuumbwa astrobleme.

Crater - chinokonzera yechando yenyukireya

Masayendisiti yakabatana hombe mhuka gungwa pamwe kuwa meteorite. Vanodavira kuti kutadza zvomuchadenga muviri ndiye aikonzera rufu toothed hove huru, dzemugungwa uye gungwa urchins pane okunze. Kuti asteroid - huru tiwedzere iyi kunaka chakajairika zvakasikwa. kuwa ake akaita yechando yenyukireya, kuuraya mhuka.

Atarisana pasi, guru miviri nzvimbo vanomanikidzwa akamisa nezvimedu mumhepo. Chiedza chezuva akaratidza kubva nezvimedu kunotungamirira munyika kutonhora. Masayendisiti vakaongorora isotopes okisijeni, carbon, uye nezvimwe zvinhu vanoumba vezera-Eocene dombo, uye akawana kuti apo zvakatanga Popigai mwena kuSiberia, paiva chimbichimbi kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze. The dzinotaurwa nyoro uye ushamwari yakanga yakaoma uye kuchitonhora.

kuongorora kwesayenzi ndikazvisimbisa kuti yepasi pose kudhumhana chakaitika nguva imwe kuputika duku tudonhwe nesarufa. Ivo infest muchadenga, simbi reflectors chiedza nokupisa. Aichinja okunze kwakakonzera dzinouraya nemigumisiro - kunyangarika mazhinji ezvinhu nemhuka uye zvinomera.

Zvidzidzo Geological of mwena

Pashure Detective Popigai mwena yaiva nzvimbo ubanguranyika basa. Vanodzidza vakawana pane zviviri zvikuru dhipoziti nedhaimani. Munda "Dombo" rinowanika 140, uye mu "dhumhira" - 7 milliardov carats.

Diamonds pano dzinokonzerwa pfupi kuona zvikuru yakakwirira tembiricha nedzvinyiriro mukati marasha deposits uye graphite. Diamond inowanikwa basaltic pamatombo, kupa rakasiyana nemamwe zita - Yakutia.

Kusvikira 2012, mashoko pamusoro Black Diamond akanga asina kutaurwa. Pakarepo mushure kuwanikwa deposits mashoko pamusoro pavo semhosva muchivande, uye kudzidza akawana madhaimani placer amira. Nyanzvi dzinofungidzira kuti zvimwe zvisingabatsiri kuramba kugadzirwa chakaita zvokugadzirwa mangoda pane dzokubvisa uye muitiro dzinongoitika namabwe. Uyezve, Vanodzidza akataura pamusoro dema nedhaimani chakadai: mabwe, vane rinorema-basa, havasi yakakodzera kwezvishongo kubudiswa, ivo rakanakira sanding basa.

Vanodzidza kuongorora Popigai mwena paaivatambudza padombo kuchera. Mimwe zvakabviswa kubva mumatsime kuti kudzika 1,7 makiromita. Pari munzvimbo yacho vakasiya musha Lighthouse vanenge chiuru matani cores vakapararira pasi.

rwendo 2013

Kufarira nedhaimani placers astrobleme Popigaj wakamutsiridzwa ichangopfuura. Muna 2013, pakundopambara akatumirwa mwena. Zvakabuda zveBhaibheri zvitsva zvava kutekenyedzwa. Zvaifungidzirwa chakaita masayendisiti kudavira kuti Russian Federation anokwanisa pakuedza yose nedhaimani pamusika.

Vangangoramba nedhaimani deposits Popigaj

Pasinei kukura nedhaimani placers, migodhi anoramba mubvunzo guru. Kunyange mufumi mangoda vakapararira sezvariri pamakumbo, Popigai mwena mapikicha vakaitwa akasiyana pamakona, kuagadzira, zvinoitika, zvichiri kwete zvemari noitika.

Kudivi rimwe, hapana chikonzero kuisa zvimbambaira, kudzika deposits nyore kuchera Vacheri. Kune vamwe - migodhi yavo pakuedza kwete chete munyika yose pawaitengesa maindasitiri mangoda, asiwo Russian upfumi, zvakare. Pashure pezvose, Russia - the mutambi rakasimba nedhaimani pamusika.

Usakurumidza pamwe dema kwemangoda mugodhi uyewo nekuti placers dzavo vari kure mumugwagwa, vakanga vasina yaipiwa pamwe magetsi, basa vachafanira kuita munharaunda utsinye. Industrial kwezvivako zvinoda upfumi makuru.

Basaltic dhaka, akapfuma madhaimani, saka zvakaoma kuti rukoniwe kubata achicheka maturusi. Nokuti dzokubudisa matombo zvinodiwa itsva ruzivo uye zvokushandisa, ongororo basa, rabhoritari kuedza.

Izvi zvinhu vane zvakakura zvemari uye sangano matambudziko uye vanomanikidzwa kugumisa maturo nedhaimani mugodhi. Asi kunyange kana profitability pakuchera vachava pachena, kwete chokwadi kuti matombo kundotora. Pashure pezvose, zvakasikwa shongwe Popigaj kudzivirirwa UNESCO.