Phonetics - sayenzi inzwi

Mutauro - iri multi-pamwero gadziriro, iyo rakakamurwa nyore uye kunzwisisa subsystems kana nhanho. Phonetics - yakadereresa mutauro pamwero, sezvo anoongorora yayo yaitsigira divi dzakabatana - ruzha, phonemes, supersegmentnye Unit, mupfungwa uye intonation. zita raro rinobva mushoko rechiGiriki rinoreva inzwi, inzwi, ruzha, matauriro. Uyewo phonetics - a zvemutauro chikamu, apo tikadzidza nenhanho mutauro nezvose kwaari zvinosanganisira: Kutaura zvinonzwika, mubatanidzwa uye positional kuchinja, kurimwa rinoroverera mukurukuri dzavo pakunzwisisa zviri muteereri, uyewo zvinhu inzwi hamvuropu mutauro zvavo, uye gudzanzwi uye madudzirwo hunhu mutauro mumwe nomumwe.

Zvinoumba phonetics:

- Shared uye pasiri paruzhinji. General Phonetics inodzidza mitemo inzwi goko mamiriro, pfungwa, pasinei mutauro chaiwo. Private phonetics - phonology ndicho chatinonyanya mitauro.
- dzakaitika uye panguva. Historical phonology - kudzidza phonetic mitemo iyo anoshanda mumutauro panguva dzakasiyana, uye chii zvazvinokonzera anochengetwa mumutauro asi. Modern phonetics inoongorora mamiriro mutauro pamwero panguva.
- yokungotaura uye experimental.

Phonetics - hazvisi chete padanho mutauro uye bazi wemitauro: zita uye mutauro inzwi deko. Mupfungwa iyi, akadzidza anotevera zvinhu:

1. Acoustic. Izvi maonero inzwi mutauro goko kubva nzvimbo muteereri. In izvi, isu vanoongorora chii munhu anonzwa ari maonero kutaura mashoko. The acoustic chinotaurwa inorondedzera inzwi unhu: ine imwe pakakwirira, iro oscillation kakawanda, timbre nezvimwe chaiko zvivako.

2. kutsanangura. The chinhu kudzidza pano - kurira kubva emutauri nzvimbo, kuti ndiro basa nhengo rwokutaura kugadzirwa nomumwe inzwi.

Phonetics ari kufunga manzwi matatu zvinhu:

- Physical. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvechadenga inzwi.

- kutsanangura (anatomical uye vasiri). Rinosanganisira anatomical uye vasiri maitiro hwekutaura, nekunyatsotsanangura ehupfumi mazwi, kunyanya sechivako ari Vocal midziyo, kuti kupatsanura pakati nzvanyira uye nzvanyira ruzha mumitauro.

- phonological (magariro). Panguva iyi sandara, pane kubatana nokurira pamwe kwevanhu kuziva. The chikuru chairema ichi chechetere - phoneme - mufananidzo mapenyu anochengeterwa pfungwa, uye ukama kwemashoko uye kurira kufanana nevechiduku ichi.

Pasinei chokwadi kuti nekunyatsotsanangura mudziyo mumarudzi ose zvakafanana yakarongeka, mitauro yakasiyana nokure mumwe kare panguva phonetic chechetere. Somuenzaniso, Chirungu phonetics, kusafanana Russian, anoziva stun vakataura emakonzonendi pamberi matsi, uye kupfuura kuti, nokuti nevamwe chiratidzo. Uyewo, mumutauro Chirungu, uyewo dzimwe, akasiyana refu uye pfupi nzvanyira ichirira, kuti mutauro wokuRussia haabati kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro mutoro. A phonetics Spanish sezvo zvichidhura pasina kwakaderera unstressed mavhawero, uye pasina mitigating ari emakonzonendi pamberi nzvanyira U uye e. Zvisinei, mutsindo kwete Spanish.