Petsamo-Kirkenes mashandiro musi, zvabuda, mapikicha

Petsamo-Kirkenes kushanda muna 1944 raiva nzira dzinokosha kukosha kune Soviet High Command muHondo Yenyika II. Chinangwa kurwa kwakanga kusunungurwa kubva neGermany Arctic.

Petsamo-Kirkenes mashandiro: photo, zvayakaita

The kurwisa mauto eSoviet akabvumira kwete chete kupedzisa makatodzinga vanopinda nechisimba munyika. Hondo aiva chinokosha kwakabatsira pakuenzanisa simba kuchamhembe Europe. Mauto Soviet aifanira kupinda Petsamo uye Luostari, apo rechi19 Mountain Corps of Wehrmacht, uye ipapo vanotsika pamusoro Kirkenes.

The inogara Mauto

On nharaunda paiva 20 Uto mugodhi inotungamirwa Colonel-General Lothar Rendulic uye 19 gomo-Jaeger nyaya, iyo inotungamirwa General Ferdinand Jodl. Mauto eGermany akaratidzwa mapoka 3 uye 4 zvikwata, 53 zviuru. cel., anopfuura 750 pfuti uye mumaturi. Senzira Nazi mauto vaivapo uye ndege (160 muzvikamu). 19 muviri akanga ari chaizvo layered enhare akaoma nomunzvimbo dzine nzvimbo. Masimba yakamira ine makomo pedyo madhamu uye fjords. Mauto eSoviet akanga akatanga Karelian mberi mauto. Command yeimwe kuti vakawanda vakatakura Meretskov. Sezvo chikamu mauto eSoviet chipo 14 Hondo, yakanga ichitungamirirwa refutenendi-General Shcherbakov. Raisanganisira:

1. Pfuti mapoka (8).
2. Self-propelled atirari echiShinto (2).
3. Brigade 2 engineering, Tank 1, 5 pfuti.
4. Dhaka uye atirari echiShinto (21).
5. Boka chitundumuseremusere launchers.

Kuwanda kwehondo Russian yakanga 97 zviuru. People. Dzinoshandiswa mauto akanga ari 2112 mumaturi uye pfuti, 107 dzehondo uye kuzvidzora propelled pfuti. Kubva mhepo, hondo vakaramba 689 ndege. Petsamo-Kirkenes tsamwisa kushanda kwakaitika pamwe chikamu of Northern Fleet, pasi Admiral Golovko. Inoitwa 2 brigades vakapinda Marine Corps, ngarava uye wengarava avhiyesheni zviyero (276 ndege). Okuchembera mauto kuoma nokushandisa rinorema atirari, panyaya iyi, General Meretskov akakumbira KV matangi.

Petsamo-Kirkenes kushanda (pfupi)

Maererano nechirongwa, vaitarisira muvhiki yokutanga yokushandisa zvakadzama workaround, nzwara rwokumusoro nemauto kumaodzanyemba veGermany vakanga vakarwira muna Rheine B. Zapadnaya Litsa. Nemamwe mashoko, mauto eSoviet akanga kuumba chaiwo "bhaira". Maererano nevanyori venhau dzakaitika, kubva Petsamo-Kirkenes kushanda (kutanga musi - October 7) akanga aronga pasi pokudzora Leningrad uye Hondo Stalingrad. Munguva kufamba nemauto eSoviet of Wehrmacht mauto akaita kubvisa zvikamu Finland uye Norway. oparesheni iyi inonzi Nordlicht. Its sezvo yapfuura (Birke), akapedza Rendulic. Zvadaro, nokuti kubudirira raakanga apiwa kuti Knight kuti Cross ne pomuouki mashizha (chepamusorosoro mubayiro of Reich). Petsamo-Kirkenes kuvhiyiwa 1944 rakaitirwa mumatanho matatu. In wokutanga Danho paiva dambudziko kumedura kuburikidza German dzakadzivirirwa pamberi nemauto eSoviet. Ipapo mauto anofanira kutevera kuenda occupiers kuna Kirkenes uye kuipedzera okupedzisira hondo. Panguva sangano revarwi Soviet zvave akawanda wengarava inifanduri vybrosok mauto uye neuto dzakabatana. Mumwe vatapi yakanga ashandiswe muna Minor Volokovaya muromo.

German Defense budiriro

October 7 nenguva 8 am yakawanda yakatanga. Mushure memaawa 2.5 mauto eSoviet akapinda pamusoro inogumbura. Pazuva yakakomberedzwa 131 okutanga yasvika p. Titovka uye kumanikidza 99th vasingagoni kupedza basa pakarepo. Kupaza German dzakadzivirirwa akanga chete mangwanani musi 8 October. Zuva rakatevera - wa9 - tsamwisa mauto yakatanga boka pasi murayiro refutenendi General Pigarevicha. Vakanga raiva kumabvazuva reruwa. Hwange. Persons munharaunda zvikuru vanoshingaira kusimudzira vaNazi kurutivi Murmansk. Kuti usiku wakaitwa kumhara mu Little Bay Volkova (Fjord Mattivuono). Vafambisi vengarava vakapfuura muhomba Musta muhomba ndokunanga Petsamo, kucheka chikamu hondo mauto eGermany.

nharaunda

126 legkostrelkovy Corps, akaraira Colonel Solovyev, kubva parutivi kuruboshwe akanga abudirira munhu workaround. Pazuva rechina, akaenda munzira Petsamo-Salmijärvi uye akacheka kumadokero kwayo Luostari. Achirova vokuGermany yemabhuku-kurwisa, muviri richaramba kusimudzira, richisvika nomugwagwa Petsamo-Tarnet. divi Night, inotungamirwa Major General Zhukov akakunda Banga muna Luostari. Raiva sokuronga kukosha kubatwa. Vachipinda Mauto Luostari Soviet kunyimwa vokuGermany rimwe dzendege kupfuura kuchamhembe. Several ndege muvengi dzakatorwa sezvo zvakatorwa nechisimba. Pazuva iroro ndakachinjwa kuti kumhara Liinakhamari. Pamwe 114 nokupesana muviri 99 Zvikepe yakagadzira kubva vaNazi nzvimbo. Somugumisiro Petsamo kumativi ose rakanga rakombwa nemauto eSoviet. Kubva kumabvazuva kusvika kugarwa yakatama Marines uye Pigarevicha veboka, kubva kumavirira zvinhu zvakanga pasi kudzora Marine Brigade 72, kumaodzanyemba - waiva pokugara 131, uye kubva kuchamhembe kusvika mauto, vakabata October 13 Liinakhamari Harbor.

kutora chiteshi

Petsamo-Kirkenes kuvhiyiwa yakasiyana pakuti raisanganisira kwete Army, asi zvikepe. Panguva yokupedzisira padariro hondo chaiyo ushori chikwata 181 vakatamira munharaunda Liinakhamari. The chiteshi hwakasimbiswa ne yechiFascist occupiers uye akafukidza Headlands Romanov uye nemuchinjikwa. The girenayiti inobva wokupedzisira vokuGermany akavaka inosimbisa siyana, akashongedzerwa emplacements, bunkers, pemigero, etc. At Cape Romanov kusvika vasara bins umo vari Avangard kugadzwa vokuGermany. Kubva masvingo izvi anopa muchidimbu pamukova chengarava zvakanaka. Izvi zvaiita kuti Avangard chero Ngarava dzepasi pemvura kana ngarava. October rechi12 sabhoteji yokuzviparadzanisa, akarayira Major-Barchenko Emelyanov Leon, yakarwisa mabhatiri German iri mamita Hondo.. Kurwa kwakanga pfupi. Shoma nezvinhu, mauto eSoviet akakunda bhatiri. Nokuda kuchinjwa ichi kwave vakatapwa anobudirira kumhara mu Liinakhamari, kubatwa nzvimbo uye haizopereri ugone Petsamo.

Capture nickel

Achizvidzivirira inopiwa rehondo pasi murayiro General Vogel. Raisanganisira anokwana zviyero uye, wakabva Luostari uye dzakanga dzabviswa Finland. Petsamo-Kirkenes kushanda akaramba vachirwira nickel musi 18 October. Mauto eGermany yaipa mikukutu nemishonga. Pasinei neizvi, mauto eSoviet akasvika Yar-Fjord uye akakunda nickel (Kolosjoki). Active zviito kweuto Russian vakamanikidza murayiro German kuti rikurumidze wokutanga, uye pashure dzedenga kurwisa Kirkenes October 21 - kupedza kubvisa. The guta yakaguma mumvura yakachena, kureva zvikepe boilers. October 22 131 pekugara akatanga kurwa Ha Tarnet. Panguva iyo Marines, vachitsigirwa atirari, yaiitisa zvakawanda kumahombekombe.

Battle Chirongwa

October 23-25 Petsamo-Kirkenes Kurwisa ndanogara chokupedzisira.. VokuGermany kuenda mined migwagwa vachiridza navo. Yakati kumhanya mberi kwavo kwakanga anenge 40 km / zuva. Zvichakadai, Soviet kubatana masikati akakunda anenge 8,5? Km. October 25 masikati mu huru pachivara pakati Kirkenes paiva musangano vomunzvimbo. Akamutevera pasi maoko volleys, kuimba yaJehovha rwenyika meya Norwegian mureza akamutswa. Kubva kuna Northern Fleet zvakanzi wakasimwa 3 tactical kumhara pedyo yokumaodzanyemba iri Varanger Fjord:

1. Munguva bays uye Aresvuono Suolavuono October 18.
2. In Kobholm Fjord - 23 October.
3. In Holmengro Fjord - 25 October.

All matatu chinja akabudirira uye aiva akanaka kwakabatsira nzira kurwa. October 27, mauto eSoviet akapinda Nautsi: 31 muviri achitungamirirwa Major General Absalyamova vaibva kumabvazuva, uye 127 legkostrelkovoe kubatana - kubva kuchamhembe. The muvengi, kutamira Kirkenes, kuchera ose guru tiguu, akaparadza nemigwagwa. The nzira guta rave mined chose, anotinhwa kumusoro pedyo kuturika. Kunyange zvakadaro, October 25 pa 9 am, mauto eSoviet akapinda muguta. Saka kupera Petsamo-Kirkenes oparesheni.

Batsirai patriots vemo

With nokubudiswa nemisha yakawanda kunze Soviet Union vakatsigira mauto eSoviet yakapiwa vagari dzavo. Kwakanga kusina Kusara uye Petsamo-Kirkenes Kurwisa. Zvakabuda sechifusi hondo kuva zvishoma kubudirira kana kwete rubatsiro omunzvimbo patriots. Saka, kumanikidza Yar Fjord akatakura pamusoro zvikepe hove, uye amphibians. Norwegian Patriots akapinda mugungwa iri motor-magwa maviri pane kuva zvikuru varwi Soviet. Veko akanunurazve zvikwata zviri nezvikepe pasi moto ferrying varwi kumhiri. Munharaunda Elvenes Fjord mune kuyambuka nharaunda mauto eSoviet vaifanira kutanga tsamwisa zvakare. 14 Division yaita kutungamirirwa Dzinogara pose mumvura nepanyika kuyambuka ari matanda. Izvi zvakare akabatsira Norwegian patriots. Uyewo, vanhu veko vakauya Beck Fjord. Somugumisiro Petsamo-Kirkenes kushanda misha guru asunungurwa:

1. Svanvik.
2. Sandnes.
3. Munkelven.
4. Fosstord.
5. Trangsund.
6. Sturbukt.
7. Neiden.
8. Tarnet.
9. Langfordbotn.
10. Vokterbolig.
11. Bernevann.
12. Kroftfeterbukt.
13. Vierlunn.
14. Buholmen.

ndangariro

Ushori Northern Fleet akarasikirwa apo akatora Liinhamari, akavigwa Cape Cross, panguva yayo yakakwirira zvikuru. The uremu guva rine zvasara vanhu 20. The Shongwe inooneka kure. Pairi pane chiratidzo vari apo vose vakafa vakanyorwa mazita. In Kirkenesse akagadza shongwe kuti Soviet musoja ane pfuti. Monument ichi akasikwa Norwegian muvezi Fredriksen. The Presidium of USSR Supreme Soviet akatanga menduru "Nokuti peArctic kuzvidavirira." Unoratidza murwi Soviet ari chivharo pamwe earflaps, mumwe nedehwe remakwai nguo uye ane pfuti pamusoro yaitwa matangi, ndege uye zvikepe nezvikepe.