Penicillin kuchititadzisa kwemabhakitiriya Kukwanisa kukura uye tinobereka

chokushandisa ichi yakawanikwa anenge zana apfuura uye vakauya mushonga ndamboita. zvirwere zvakawanda zvava isingarapiki pashure buri raro. It kuti penicillin - wokutanga mushonga.

Penicillin kuchititadzisa utachiona kubva kwetunhu wavo, chii kunokutadzisa kugadzirwa uye kubereka. Kukosha pakuvhurwa nzira chemishonga hunokosha. Nhasi kuti penicillin anoponesa upenyu. Asi kuti pamberi payo kuzarurwa? Ndianiko akaita chipo ichi kuti vanhu? About ino.

Chii kuti penicillin

Penicillin kuchititadzisa kukura utachiona uye kutambisa chigadzirwa (kwetunhu) ari chakuvhe Penicillium. mhando iyi chakuvhuvhu chakuvhe.

Chii saka chinokosha pamusoro fuma iyi? Kunyange vaya akapembera chikoro zvipenyu zvidzidzo, vanenge vaviri nguva vanonzwa shoko "utachiona" uye vanogona kuziva kuti zvigare ava vaviri tambira womunhu muviri (lactobacilli, bifidobacteria) uye kwakakanganisa. Vamwe "zvikara" shoma kukonzera zvirwere ngozi: yomumuzongoza, tibhii, mabayo, diphtheria - bedzi ramazana wavo. Penicillin kuchititadzisa utachiona pezvakaitwa zvinokosha (ona pazasi), pane kurega kubereka yavo. Ndiko, ari mhando chiito tava akarondedzera fuma iri yakafara-chakarondedzera mushonga.

A Nhoroondo shoma

Muna 1928 (anenge zana apfuura), murabhoritari musayendisiti Aleksandra Fleminga aiva yezvinongoerekana masanga kuti zvipenyu. By mukana vanokwanisa rake yokudyara utachiona vacho chakuvhuvhu. Uye apo masayendisiti akashamiswa chii chokuita nevane kuedza kwacho, akaona kuti utachiona vari tangi yaiva chinhu chakaipa. Sezvatinoziva, kuti penicillin kuchititadzisa kubatana kwetunhu mune utachiona kupfuura kuvhara kubereka yavo. Chaiyoiyo bactericidal mugumisiro chakuvhuvhu kushamiswa uye zvakandivhiringidza Fleming. tsaona ichi chakaratidza kutanga pakutsvakurudza. Asi kurapa wokutanga mushonga akatanga maviri chete adarika.

Muna 1940-1941, Britain masayendisiti Howard kuiisa chlorine uye Ernst Chain vakatsaurira zivo yavo uye chido chokuwana kuti penicillin uye akatanga zvinenge payo pharmacology. Panoperera Yechipiri World War, muna 1945, masayendisiti izvi uye piyona Fleming chakakodzera akahwina Mubayiro.

Basa kuwanikwa kuti penicillin achaporesa, kana chii chaiva pamberi

zvirwere zvakawanda zvinotyisa, pakarepo anotora upenyu uye utano vanhu, chinhu chomunguva yakapfuura tichionga pakugamuchira mushonga wokutanga. Tsika yacho nokufambira mberi mune zvesayenzi hunokosha. With ichi Ndinobvumirana vose akamboenda atambura kubva noutachiona.

Penicillin kuchititadzisa mapuroteni usage mune utachiona, kureva, asingatadzi Micro-zvinenge kukura uye muwande, uye ikozvino, nemhaka siyana inorwisa mabhakitiriya maererano nezvirwere ake akawanda nemishonga simbi pamwe vanenge vasina nemigumisiro nokuda muviri. Zvakaoma uye kutyisa kuti kufungidzira kuti yaiva nguva.

A remakore apfuura (kwete pakati, kana panguva dzose, ibwe Age, sezvo vazhinji) vanhu vakafa nezvirwere kuti isu zvino vachizvikudza kutakura pamusoro netsoka dzake, nokuderedza navo tsama mapiritsi akasiyana. Banal angina aigona kutakura upenyu hwomunhu kwevhiki, mabayo - kunyange nokukurumidza. A yomumuzongoza akanga hachirapiki, kana paiva vakapukunyuka, vakarasikirwa basa ravo rokufunga rinenge zvachose, pamwe unokuvadza chirwere kuti akazozivikanwa "mbavha kwepfungwa." Kuwanikwa kuti penicillin kuti kuchititadzisa utachiona kukura uye kugona kurarama kwakaponesa zviuru zvevanhu uye nokuponesa mabhiriyoni. tusingaoneki zhinji anokurirwa tichibatsirwa masayendisiti. Zvinozivikanwa kuti kuti penicillin (kana nani chakuvhuvhu nezvibereko kunyange ngamera harnesses) uye kubatwa risati buri. Zvisinei, chete pamutemo wenyika fungal asingaurayiwi metabolic zvigadzirwa zviwanikwe kune zvose.

Kushandiswa kuti penicillin nhasi

Pasinei chokwadi kuti pashure kuwanikwa wokutanga mushonga, masayendisiti kubva kunyika dzakawanda akazarura uye rimwe boka inorwisa mabhakitiriya, kuti penicillin - abudirire mhinduro mukurapa vazhinji zvinotapukira. Kuburikidza nehanya nevakawanda giremu negative uye giremu-akanaka utachiona. Somuenzaniso, mashoko ubiquitous streptococci uye staphylococci, Corynebacterium, vaigara ivhu uye kukonzera kanenge imwe mapundu, kunonyanyisa - chirwere chakaipisisa - diphtheria utachiona kuti anokonzera yomumuzongoza uye nemabayo, suppurative tonsillitis uye zvirwere abscesses.

Iro kubatwa nemishonga kuti penicillin

Tinopa mazita chinonyanya kuzivikanwa nezvirwere kuti dziri kubatwa nemishonga kuti penicillin ( "Amoxiclav" uye "ampicillin", "Bitsillin", "Augmentin"):

• Scarlet fivha.
• Chenjera tonsillitis (angina).
• Nemabayo.
• Chigwadara.
• Rheumatism.
• Heavy erysipelas.
• Yomumuzongoza kwemabhakitiriya etiology.
• Sepsis.
• Staphylococcal uye streptococcal zvirwere.
• Utachiona maronda zvinorwadza kana postoperative mavambo.

Sezvaungafungidzira, mazita ichi hachisi wakakwana. Mumwe aureus chete ndiye pakubhadhara anoverengeka uye anoita vakawanda zvirwere. Penicillin kuchititadzisa utachiona sero rusvingo usage kupfuura zvavo kubereka kwamira, anopa upenyu yatinofema.

Kunakisa kuti penicillin

Chimwe ndinoiitawo mishonga kuti penicillin dzakatevedzana raro munyoro zvainoita muviri womunhu. Modern mishonga simba dzimwe nguva ushande nheyo "boka nokutorera" - kupinda mumuviri, vanoparadza zvose microflora - zvose pathogenic uye akanaka, zvakakodzera kuti zvakakwana kushanda ura zvirwere. Penicillin kuchititadzisa utachiona kukura, saka pashure pokuparadzwa pathogenic zvigare zvakanaka utachiona, zvakafanira kuramba mupenyu, asi mune mwoyo ezvinhu. Dzavo nepakati zviri nyore kupora tichibatsirwa nomukaka zvinhu kana chinokosha chemishonga Ezvemutauro. Zvinoitwa kuti penicillin, pasinei nokuti vakawanda vari kudana ichi mushonga yechinyakare kubudirire, asi nyoro, saka iri ushandiswe, kunyange vachangoberekwa. Zviya, anonzi Staphylococcus, kare rwaigara maternity misha uye zvipatara uye anobvisa upenyu vacheche, nokuti penicillin zvishoma ngozi.

Sezvo kuti penicillin kuchititadzisa kwemabhakitiriya basa

Sei chokushandisa ichi inoshanda? Edza kutsanangura rawo, uye chii Ndakaona Alexander Fleming remakore yake muhofisi yake shure.

Utachiona - nemishonga kwazvo siyana asina zvinhu zvigare. Dzimwe kurarama chinyararire ari kuputika dhaka kana peArctic chando. Ndivo pose pose - muvhu uye mvura, zvokudya, mbava mhuka, michero uye miriwo. Asi haufaniri hako kutya ndokuhwanda chena mukamuri - kana muviri wako utano uye vakasimba zvirwere kushanda panguva zvizere chinzvimbo, kuti kutya utachiona haisi zvakakodzera. Vakawanda vane mhenyu pachena mumuviri wedu uye kusashanda chete pashure kuzvidya mwoyo kana kunetesa nayo.

Kana utachiona chibharo, pane ruponeso - mushonga unorwisa. Somuenzaniso, kuti penicillin (kuchititadzisa DNA usage mune utachiona uye chinonditadzisa kubereka). Izvi zvinoitika sei? Kupinda muropa vanhu mushonga iri rakapararira muviri. Kupfumisa chirwere nokukurumidza kuvawana. In nzvimbo "dislocation" noutachiona kuti penicillin chinopinda ari Kamudzira zvigare uye kudzivirira kwetunhu yavo. Utachiona vanorasikirwa kugona kwavo zvokudya uye kukura, izvo, ukuwo, zvichitungamirira rufu rwavo.