Pavlovsk Palace. St. Petersburg, Pavlovsk Palace

Sezvo 2005 Pavlovsk - duku yakanaka taundi riri Pushkin muruwa St. Petersburg. Zvinonzi rakamiswa muna Slavyanka River, 30 km kubva kuchamhembe guru. Kusvikira 1796 waiva musha Pavlovsk, yakavambwa muna 1777.

A Nhoroondo shoma

Muna 1777, munyika muna Slavyanka murwizi mupata akava pfuma Paul Petrovich - Mukuru Duke Romanov. Manor pakuzivikanwa se "musha Pavlovsk." The yose Architectural ensemble akasikwa uye wakapedzeredzwa anenge makore 50. The paka yakanga yakagadzirwa ne muvambi romuzinda akava Scot Charles Cameron, uyo akakokwa Russia kuti kubudiswa Tsarskoye tiiviste. Elegant uye rakanatswa Pavlovsk Palace yakavakwa pamusoro nzvimbo emapuranga chivakwa yekare. Kuwedzera Cameron kumugumo wake uye yakashongedzwa dzakasiyana nguva zvinobatanidzwa A. N. Voronihin, K. I. Rossi, J .. Kvarnegi, V. F. Brenna. Pavlovsk musha akasikwa sechinhu paakaenda zhizha dzokugara, asi muna 1788 Paul Petrovich akasarudza kuripa wake, achisiya pachake Gatchina Palace.

A vhiki pashure Pauro accession pachigaro, iye pachake akarayira kuti rename musha kuguta Pavlovsk.

Big Pavlovsk Palace

Nokuti yaro saizi mamiriro iyi zvikuru muduku noruwa vazhinji St. Petersburg, uye chakafanana vapfumi kwezvokufuka Italian Villa sezvinoita murongedzeri Palladio. Chinoumba yamambo rava zvikuru tsindirana-storey matatu building, nedivi izvo pane mapapiro pamwe curved maberere.

Pakutanga, sechivako chiso rakanga rakasiyana mumwe isu kuona nhasi. Maererano nevanyori venhau dzakaitika, mumwe-storey divi maberere yakawedzerwa gare gare. Front France youshe iri akashongedzwa mbiru sere kuKorinde. Chivako chiri korona nzvimbo kakawanda munzvimbo dzokuzororera dzaiva pembiru. Mabasa ari mumuzinda akaunzwa mapurani Brenna, uyo aikwanisa yekudyidzana chokuwedzera uye kuvaka muzinda divi setende namaberere. Izvi zvakaitika Pauro asati asvika chigaro.

The mukati chishongo

Pavlovsk Palace, pikicha izvo unogona kuona munyaya ino, rine musiyano chinokosha pakati ake zvachose nechitarisiko uye dzakaisvonaka zvokunyaradza kushongedzwa. Uriri chinoratidza yokutandarira, mubhedhuru, kudzidza, muimba yokudyira. Panhurikidzwa yechipiri vaiva kwakavakirwa, kunyoresa izvo wakange mumiririri hunhu.

Hekuno World Hall uye Hall Hondo. Vamwe nguva Wars Hall airidza basa Small paChigaro Hall. Large Chigaro Hall akanga ari South Hall of Pavlovsk Palace. Zvivako Area 400 mamita ^2. kwaigara, uyewo staterooms Kurarama - iri Suite, riri pamusoro mukomberedzo yamambo. Uriri yechitatu zvachose wakapiwa sehofisi.

Center zvivako Italian Hall, raiva pasi rising. chikuru kushongedzwa Its yakanga dzakaisvonaka chandelier, akaita yendarira aiti rubhi girazi pakupera yacho XVIII remakore. The kushongedzwa imba yacho wakapindwa Brenna, Cameron, Voronikhin.

paki nharaunda

Kana iwe uri rombo zvakakwana kuuya St. Petersburg, Pavlovsk Palace anofanira hazvo kupinda kwako dzinoyevedza kuronga. Unofanira Maziso kuona kwete chete zvikuru mumuzinda, asi zvinoshamisa paka dzinoitwa nayo. An nzvimbo maeka 600 uye muenzaniso zvakajeka Chirungu manyorerwo Park kuvakwa. It kunoratidzwa kusimbisa runako zvakasikwa kuzivana nomurume.

Park yakashongedzwa zhinji mapurani zvivako: Aviary, Pavilion of Three Nyasha dzemutendi, dheri, Turkish fanicha, Italian manera. On yokumusoro uriri unogona kunakidzwa inoshamisa maonero rwizi mumupata. Panewo mutemberi Friendship. basa iri anomirira Cameron antiikki kumativi temberi, iyo mukomberedzo zvakatuswa kuisa kanellirovannye Doric mbiru kutsigira rising.

Nature of paka unotora vakawanda guva Parade munda Pink Kusviba. Pamuganhu wokumaodzanyemba mupaki ine temberi yekare duku uye unodziya chaizvo kunzi "Monument vabereki." It yakavakwa 1786, Mukuru Empress Maria Fedorovna. Uyezve, zviri mukuedza kuchengeta kuyeuka wake, akarayira mausoleum chirongwa pathetic epitaph "naye-kumupi."

Pavlovsk muna XIX-XX emakore

Chiitiko chikuru muguta riri pakati XIX remakore, - ndiye chidzoke of Tsarskoye tiiviste njanji kuti chokuita pamwe St. Petersburg. Terminus akava Pavlovsk. Station chirongwa Shtakenshnejdera mapurani rakava musimboti zvenziyo upenyu muzhizha muSt Petersburg. Paiva zvisungo kumhanya G. Mansfeld, B. Bilsen, Strauss Muduku. Concerts vakaperekedza MM Ippolitov-Ivanova, A. K. Glazunov, uye vamwe vakawanda vanozivikanwa Vanyori uye musicians.

Kusvikira 1917, Pavlovsk Palace yakaramba pamusha remadzimambo Russian. Muna 1918, pakava miziyamu "Pavlovsk Palace." Mugore iroro muguta Yakazopiwa zita rokuti kuremekedza Slutsk echimurenga V. Slutskaya.

Muna 1941 vaNazi vakabata Pavlovsk Pavlovsk Palace payakarovera zvikuru. Makumi ezviuru miti Warigirwa, yashatiswa pamisasa, akapisa imba yamambo, vakaparadza yemapurisa. Mauto eSoviet akasunungura guta January 1944. Ndipo apo akawana zita rayo munhoroondo. Pakarepo vakatanga kuita rokuvakazve basa, izvo akaramba kusvikira 1971. Kuti gore paChigaro uye Cavaliers Hall yakavhurwa vaenzi.

mufananidzo Gallery

Zvishoma nezvishoma kwave yakadzorerwa uye mupaka pacharo. Rinotarisira basa ezvivako SV Popov-Gunich, F. F. Oleynik, IG Kaptsyug, Sarudza Sinica, VB Mozhayskaya. Kupfuura kushingaira chikamu pokudzorerwa akatora dzose miziyamu tsvimbo, uyewo yaro Kumutungamiriri AI Zelenova uye zvirambe zviripo miziyamu AM Kuchumov.

Collection of Pavlovsk Palace

inotungamirwa dzavo imhaka kuenda Europe ne varidzi vahwo. Achienda anozivikanwa vatenzi, yavakawana zvivezwa, mifananidzo, bronzes, porcelain rinovira, nemamwe sirika micheka. nyika yakakurumbira Museum mishonga unyanzvi uye rwokugadzira nomucheka Arts. A kanoda kwamagwaro anopiwa muunganidzwa ounyanzvi yekare, mienzaniso Russian uye Western European tsika XVIII remakore.

The miziyamu ane kuunganidzwa youpfu porcelain kupfuura wakakwana aimiririra kuguma XVIII uye pakutanga XIX remakore. Zvidimbu fenicha, kunyanya dzinonakidza nokuti kare - basa vatenzi German uye French. Wandei kufarira uye midziyo vanodhirowa A.Voronihina. Vakawanda wamakamuri yamambo vabviswa nemamwe machira. Mukuwedzera, miziyamu ane isingawanzowanikwi wemabhuku mavara, miniatures, mifananidzo, chandeliers uye nenguva yeko.

Gatchina: Pavlovsk Palace

Chimiro chikuru riri pamhenderekedzo Silver Lake. Akatanga kuvaka 1765 kubudikidza zvarayirwa Empress Catherine II. Zvakanga zvisina muenzaniso kwavo rupo chipo Empress kufarira Count Orlov. Nokuti iye, murongedzeri Rinaldi akavaka palace, iyo akafanana ari kuvhima Castle neshongwe uye ndima pevhu. kuvaka Its kwakatora anenge 16 makore.

The chikuru wokupinda ndiyo chidhori Markiori Morleytera uye "Ruramisiro", "Hondo", "Rugare", "Caution". vemo dzinongoitika ibwe - kokutanga munhoroondo Russian mavakirwo chivakwa kutarisana dzinongoitika zvinhu rakaiswa. The Palace anoitwa uye dzekare manyorerwo, mumazuva iwayo, neitsva uye vasingazivikanwi.

Count Orlov, unoda muumbozha, huru haana mari nokuda Resettlement yamambo, uye pasina nguva akabva rive kwazvo dzokugara. Pashure porufu rwake, Catherine akatenga chipo chinobva venhaka Orlov uye akachipa mwanakomana wake Paul I - remangwana yeRussian Emperor.

Muridzi mutsva akavakazve Pavlovsk Palace kuti nezvaanoda wako. Rokuvakazve nomudzimu inozivikanwa akitekiti Brennus. Yangopedzwa yamambo zvakaoma panguva iyoyo akatanga akafanana yakasimba nhare uye Suburban Villa. Zvakachinja mukati kushongedzwa wakawedzera dzimba namaberere kugamuchirwa dzimba vave mienzaniso vechokwadi Russian classicism kwazvo XVIII uye XIX emakore.

Kubva 1801 kusvika 1828 makore Pavlovsky yamambo vaiva chirikadzi Paul I, Empress Maria Feodorovna. Panguva dzakasiyana-siyana, yakasiyana dzokugara muridzi kubudikidza Russian President: Nicholas I, Alexander II, Alexander III, Nicholas II.

The kuberekwazve yamambo

VaNazi munguva shure kwavo muna 1944, zvisinei akapisa mumuzinda,, nemhaka restorers, miziyamu vashandi uye magariro vabatsiri Pavlovsk Palace muna Gatchina akakurumidza yakadzorerwa, asi miziyamu dzawanika kuruzhinji chete muna 1985. Dzimwe dzimba Gatchina mumuzinda yakadzorerwa mumazuva edu.