Overview mumotokari GAZ-560 uye ayo nokurondedzerwa

Kwemakore anopfuura gumi taona pakachena dzezvimwe munyika yedu motokari, rine injini GAZ-560 "Steyr". Uye hazvisi chete zvinhu "patsangadzi" uye "Mhara", asi motokari "Volga". Ndezvipi zvinhu chikwata ichi? Tinodzidza kubva nyaya yedu.

Nyaya

MuRussia, kutanga kuzivikanwa "Steyr" injini akaonekwa 1998. Rakanga chokuita chokwadi kuti makambani kubva Austria akaita yavakatengesa rezinesi kuti pagadzirwe vokuRussia. Kuramba tichizviedza kuuya injini mwoyo vaivapo zhinji. By vamwe matanho, pakati ose Diesel zviumbu "Steyr" zvakanakisisa.

The chikuru yakanaka zviratidzi kuti injini ichi kubva Austria vari:

• asingarayiri peturu kudya;
• nakisa kutanga yakaderera ambient tembiricha;
• yakakwirira kunyatsoshanda parameters;
• kwazvo simba unhu.

Injini vokutanga kuenda vashandi panguva chirimwa nedzimwe nhengo, ndokusaka unhu yakanga kusvika ndima. Parts (Gas-560 "Steyr") vaitenga zvakananga kubva kunze kwenyika. Maererano Kurangarira mugadziri mugore isu aifanira rakapa kwete asingasviki 250 000 yokutevedzera, kufungisisa nezvokuti vezvikwata dzakadaro vaizova zviwanikwe dzimwe nyika zvavakanga vachida kuita.

Nhoroondo ariko

Nhau dzairamba pakukura haana inofadza mune tsika sezvakunoitwa dzidziso. The bvunzo mimwe havana nguva dzose zviratidzi zvakanaka, uye nokukurumidza ne injini "Steyr" kukundikana siyana zvakatanga kuitika, mhosva iyo zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoitika yedu.

Kunaka huni Russia agara akasiya zvakawanda anodikamwa, asi nokuda murombo Diesel kutadza akatanga kuonekwa wokutanga unhu Russian Diesel. Zvisinei, Fani iyi handivo voga. Nokukurumidza mashoko akatanga kushandiswa kugadzirwa ari Unit, kugadzirwa Russia, izvo zvakazoita kuti kakawanda breakdowns.

Zvikurukuru anokudzwa GAZ-560

Musiyano mukuru pakati muinjini GAZ-560 rava rimwe-chidimbu design, nemhaka iyo humburumbira musoro uye chikwata pachayo ndiyo indivisible yose.

Kunakisa imwe chete kuvaka nechigumbuso uye humburumbira musoro vaiva:

• Kusavapo pakati chinogumbura uye humburumbira musoro gaskets, izvo kana overheating zvaida kuchinja pakarepo.
• Nokuda kusavapo gaskets mumafuta isingaswederi antifreeze kana antifreeze kuti nguva nenguva zvichiitika mune motokari, apo pane chidimbu ichi.
• The anovhara uye musoro akadurura pamwechete, saka zvaiita kusunungura humburumbira musoro panobviswa.

dzakasiyana-siyana injini

Engine GAZ-560 Stayer inowanika muna matatu Trim mumatunhu:

1. Engine pamwe vanokwanisa 95 litres. a.
2. The chikwata akaiswa intercooler, izvo vanokwanisa 110 litres. a.
3. The injini ine intercooler, uye dzakachinjwa motokari kudzora Unit, inova 125 litres chinzvimbo. a.

Vakawanda shanduro motokari "Gazel", akava nesimba chairema rechipiri mhando. Yakaiswa pa "Mhara" GAZ-560 "Steyr" vakava nesimba 110 horsepower.

Mukuwedzera, injini vakanga yakaiswa pamusoro motokari "Volga" uye "Sobol".

Gas-560: Magadzirirwo

Vanhu vazhinji vanoshamisika chii saka dzakakurumbira vaida injini "Steyr" uye chero michina Data yacho chikwata. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti powerplant raimiririra Inline 4-humburumbira Diesel injini ine pre-Turbo, mvura kutonhora uye simba gadziriro achishandisa mokugezera.

The Vhoriyamu Diesel chinovhura 2.1 litres. Power akaratidzwa ambotaurwa. Nokuti womukati injini kunoratidzwa muna uwandu huni kudyiwa 11.5 litres por 100 makiromita akapfuura.

Zvinokosha kuyeuka kuti kuerera mwero inogona siyana zvichienderana motokari uchishandisa ezvinhu. Somuenzaniso, imwe motokari "Sobol", wakaiswa kuti chikwata GAZ-560 unopisa zana zvishoma yakaderera mufananidzo pane akataura - 8 l. For pasi kudya mota yakadaro guru paanopfuura vamwe vakwikwidzi.

A vazhinji vomunyika kuramba vasavimbe kuna turbodiesel, uye kutanga zviri kukonzerwa murombo mafuta unhu. mamirire iyi kumaruwa, uyewo nokuda dzomumaguta vagari. Panguva kutanga kwekupwanyiwa kushandisa injini pamusoro Diesel chinotsva kupfuura motokari varidzi atarisana nedambudziko rakadaro kana kuparara kana atadze kushanda zvakanaka pamusoro hunhu vasingagoni rokuongorora chero pakati kana kumwe havana basa igadziridzwe.

Mari kupembedza pagondobwe Diesel injini vari zvikuru kupfuura mutengo zvikamu peturu chikwata. Zvisinei, izvi zvinhu hazvina kumira vanhu kubva kushandisa motokari pamwe mari uye simba injini.

Basa chairema iri Russian akapoteredza

The rezinesi kubva yeAustria kambani "Steyr" akabvumira motokari fekitari kubva Gorky kushandisa injini ano kuti pagadzirwe mota GAZ, zvisina kuipa kukanganisa Kambani wokuti mune ramangwana. Nokuti "Volga", iro zvakare modernized chikwata GAZ-560, kuparadzwa akanga akakwana sezvakanga peturu shanduro "kudya" sezvakarayirwa 16 litres, uye Diesel - 8 l.

For injini akawanda Diesel yokusafa vibration yakaderera aimhanya kana idling, zvichiita motokari rose chinozunungusa. Zvisinei, pane imwe kumhanya 50 km / h chero vibrations kunyangarika, uye kwete ose muchairi anogona zvakachengeteka kutaura pamusoro iiswe motokari mhando. Doro "Mhara" (Gas-560) akanga 13 litres muzana 100 km.

Mamirire zvinhu nokuti "Steyr" womuenzaniso nekusagona adziyirwe kwavari idling, nekuti zvakaitika mukati motokari ushamwari. Asi aifanira kupa injini kumhanya, uyewo kufamba coolness haana chero chete. Iye kudziyirwa kumusoro hapana kuipa, sezvinonzi peturu injini inoshandiswa musi motokari.

A pachena chepfungwa yeAustria injini sezvinotevera. Kana chando zvakakwana kushandisa chete yechando Diesel mafuta uye basa bhatiri. motokari fekitari kudaro aine nehafu-jana. Mumazana kushanda chairema pamusoro pemvura mafuta mitsetse uye hapana paumbwe echando uye chando. Izvi imhaka yokuti akagadzawo mokugezera dziri pedyo kutonhora hurongwa unobvumira kuti muchina nokukurumidza ushamwari akanaka tembiricha.

Munguva yechando, zvakanakisisa kushandisa mafuta akanzi 5W40. With kushandisa kwainoita huni kweArctic chikwata ichi aigona kukurira chero chando uye nyore vanodzamara kunyange matatu dhigirii chando. Kana nharaunda kushanda yakaonekwa zvikuru frosts, anokosha zvinhu zvinofanira kuiswa kuti kumbogadzirwa kuti mudziye injini mupanda. Zvikasadaro, mafuta inogona chakatsindirwa nokupira mutsipa kana vachiongorora.

turbocharging hurongwa

Turbine Gas-560 kwave dzakakurumbira chaizvo uye kunzwisisa unhu mafuta akashandiswa. Kuwanda nokumukirana paminiti rinosvika 100,000 panguva oparesheni, uye tembiricha mafuta zvasvika madhigirii 150. Kushandiswa murombo lubrication akakonzera turbine unusable munguva pfupi. Chinhu zviripo kuyeuka zvimwe zvinhu zvaiitwa kushanda nesimba vezvikwata pamwe turbocharging:

• Hazvibviri kuvaka tichimhanya nokukurumidza pamusoro chando injini. Kwete mafuta gobvu kugonyesa ari turbine.
• Kana zvokurega injini haigoni kudzima pakarepo, nokuti turbine inoramba tenderera. Uye akauraya injini, mutyairi unotsauka kubva chekubuda mafuta mairi, iyo inotungamira naye kwemamiriro hurongwa.
• Turbo mafuta mutsetse anofanira chisimbiso.
• With simba injini nokukurumidza uye murombo kumhanyisa motokari zvakafanira kuchinja vharuvhu muchirimo, basa zvinodiwa sepombi zvose. Kuchinja nokuti chokudzivirira zvinangwa zvinofanira kuitwa pashure 45 000? Km.

kurumbidza

All injini Diesel vari whimsical zvikuru unhu mafuta uye peturu. Mari mafuta aigona Papera kutungamirira zvakakomba kukuvara. Kunyange zvazvo riri wechipfuwo gwenya huni zvakakodzera kutenga chete yakaonekwa kuti ndeyechokwadi gasi chechitima.

Bay murombo mafuta hunotungamirira Kushatiswa kwete chete huru motokari. Nokuda kunonoka kuvesa chinotsva ndiyo gogonera kudziyisa pamusoro pisitoni kuti anoratidza nemhaka kukundikana combustion yomukati. pano chete kuziva yakaderera-unhu Diesel sehuni pahwaro, kusiyana peturu, zvakaoma. Hapana zvakananga prerequisites chenhando huni, uye injini hauchazopi chero chaiyo frequencies. Zadzisa ichi huni wedzerai kwakatungamirira kuparadzwa wokutanga plunger injectors.

Reviews

Iye zvino, GAZ-560 wongororo mumota varidzi zvikuru akanaka, pasinei nokuti rokugadzira injini kwave zvakaoma nokuda monolithic mamiriro. Nokuti vakawanda varidzi yave kuzivikanwa pasi huni kuparadzwa zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe mhando uye kushanda zvakanaka utsinye okunze munyika.

Dzimwe nguva vatyairi vaiva nedambudziko kupiswa-kunze mavharuvhu. Injini GAZ-560 kupembedza zvikamu zviri zvinodhura chaizvo, uye dzimwe nguva vagadziridze yakasvika yakaenzana mari itsva. Ndokusaka muna 2008 fekitari motokari asarudza kumisa kugadzwa ane chikwata chinodhura kuti motokari.

hunoshanda zano

Nokufamba kwenguva, izvozvo zvinogona kuitika breakage kana atadze kushanda zvakanaka. Somuenzaniso, apo kukwanisa kutanga injini unodziyirwa anoitwa runonyengera oparesheni. Pasina hazvo kuchinja kamwene - unogona kungotaura kudzima coolant tembiricha Switch uye mhepo. Somugumisiro, tangai kuti kubudiswa, zvose chando uye nerubatsiro huni kuwedzera nokuda injectors.

Kana mhosva injector injini achava kugadzikana. Kana kukundikana kuri kuona pakarepo pashure pakutanga, zvinokwanisika yokusarudza padzo dzakabvarurwa pedyo nomuteresi mokugezera. At simbe injector kamwene tembiricha achava yekudyidzana kuvatumwa vamwe. Kana injini dambudziko GAZ-560 akawanikwa ari mumugwagwa, ipapo panguva wakaputsika kamwene kutyaira zvakawanda (anenge 200 km), saka hazvibviri kupa simba hurongwa mutoro a.