Onion-Anzur: inobatsira zvinhu, kukura, kuchengetedza uye mapeji

Onion-ansur ishizha rekutsvaga kwekutanga, rinoratidzika nechitarisiko chinonakidza uye mishonga, inofanirwa navanachiremba vekare. Mumusango, tsika yakadaro yakaisvonaka inowanika munzvimbo dzine makomo yeCentral Asia, iyo inoshandiswa zvakashandiswa pakudya. Zvimwe ichi ndicho chikonzero vanhu vanogara munharaunda iyi vanosiyaniswa nehutano hwakasimba uye hupenyu husingaperi.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzemakomo

Luk-anzur, ane ruzivo rwezvinhu zvinokosheswa nezvizvarwa zvinopfuura rimwe, anobatanidza pachake 3 maiti:

• Stem. Inoratidzirwa nepamativi ose, mamwe mabheti akavhara, akafukidzwa nezviyero zviduku zve grey kana muchena mutsvuku uye unoita akaenzana kubva 4 kusvika ku 8 cm Mashizha akawanda zvakanaka pubescent, flat, akaungana mu rosette; Mumakamuri anenge anenge hafu yemamita. Iyo tsvina yakaonda uye yakajeka zvakakwana. Inflorescences ndeyemumvurasi yemuvara weilac nechitinha cheinenge 10-15 cm.
• Giant. Iine bhu rakapoteredza kana ruvara rwemavara, mapapiro akavharidzirwa akareba uye ane simba, anenge 150-160 masendimita refu, masikati machena. Inflorescence yakakura zvakakwana, yakasimba, ine mavara akanaka mao.
• Suvorov. Bhubhu yakakomba, 6-8 masendimita. Kakawanda, kubva kumativi, mwanasikana webhubhu anoumbwa, akafukidzwa nemicheka yakachena-yesirivha. Mashizha acho ane bluish uye pubescent kumativi. Iyo yakakwirira yehutori ndeyei 80-140 cm.Uye hupamhi hwe-inflorescences (globular uye hemispherical) hunobva pamamita 10 kusvika ku12. Maruva ane pink-violet muvaravara, masikati ane misi yakajeka pazvikamu.

Anyanisi: kushandiswa mumishonga yevanhu

Kuporesa zvivako zveiiii-ansur zvakaedzwa neuto reSuvorov. Masoja aya aigona kudzoka kubva ku scurvy uye akachengetedza hurongwa hwavo hwekurwa zvakajeka nekuda kwechimiro ichi chaiva nepamusoro pemaruva stalk uye globular violet inflorescences. Mune zvakagadzirirwa mabhuru kune zvinhu zvakadai sebionicides, mineral salts, carotenoids, saponins, ascorbic acid, vitamini E, D, C (zvinyorwa zvekupedzisira ndezviitiko zvakapfuura kupfuura eiii). Zvinotendwa kuti simiti yakadaro inogona kukonzera kukwegura uye inobatsira kubvisa vanhu vakwegura kubva ku "zvirwere zvezvirwere" zvakawira pamusoro pavo. Onion-ansur ndiwo muti unoporesa unobatsira pakunatsiridza kunzwa uye maziso, zvinogona kubvisa chizuru. Mune chiropa chechiropa, pamwe chete nouchi uye mukaka, inogadzirisa matambudziko ehutonho uye zvirwere zvemudumbu. Squeezed juice inoshandiswa mukurapa rheumatism; Inobatsira pakurasika kwemvere (inofanirwa kuisa mukati memusoro). Kuporesa mbeu inobatsira kwete kwete chete, asiwo pamusoro pehupenyu hwose sehuwandu, kuwedzerwa hutachiona uye kubvisa zvinhu zvinokuvadza.

Mifananidzo yedombo tsika

Luk-anzur anowanikwa munzvimbo dzakakwirira, anozivikanwa nenguva shoma yeupenyu, inogona kugadziriswa mumwaka wegore, uye nguva refu yekuzorora. Mbeu minda inomera inowanikwa pakutanga kwechando, inenge ichibva pasi pechando. Iyi ndiyo yekutanga mavhithamini emiti, saka zvinokosha kuti usapotsa nguva yekushandiswa kwayo. Mushure mezvose, mashizha akakodzera kudya chete mumasvondo ekutanga, zvino anobva aine ruvara uye evharesi. Itava yakafanana negoriki; Iyo inoshandiswa mukugadzirira kwemaladi, zvokudya, zvinotanga, zvekutanga uye yechipiri zvidzidzo. Mumazuva okutanga, musipo kwekuzara kwakakwana kwevhithamini, sandwich rinoumbwa nechigamba chechingwa uye bhuruu eiiii yakaiswa pairi inobatsira uye yakanaka.

Anzur patafura yekudyira

Mune fomu yakavezwa, elicon (garlic) anzur inowanzoshandiswa mukebabs uye pilafs mu Shakhrisabz, Samarkand nemamwe maguta eSamarkand. Tinogona kutaura kuti muhuwandu hwekudhakwa kwewaini, tsika dzakadaro dzinomira pamberi pemakucheka ane munyu. Kudavira, kuvekwa kweyunikii-ansur, mapeji ayo anozivikanwa zvikuru nevagari vemunzvimbo ine makomo, yakafanana nemucheka-munyu wemakabichi cobs emuchena uye machena machena. Uye iyi inonhuwira yaMwari: garlic, nyoro, isingakanganwiki.

Anzur mumba

Mararamiro akadaro, anozivikanwa nemakumbo emabhuru ediki uye mapashesiti mumakona ane mashizha ebluish, anogona kuve nyore, asingashande nesimba, akakura panzvimbo yake pachake sekushongedza uye mishonga, michina yakachena yepepuru iyo inenge yakashongedzwa zvakakodzera kune chero ipi zvayo, kunyange iyo yakaisvonaka yakawanda yemaruva. Mune chimiro chakatema vanokwanisa kumira kwemavhiki maviri. Kubukira miseve ye anzur, inenge inenge mamita mashanu kubva kumusoro, yakanaka uchi-nutswe; Pane bhora rimwe chete repepuru iwe unogona dzimwe nguva kuverenga kusvika kune 20 nyuchi.

Chimiro chacho chinopesana zvikuru nezvipembenene uye zvirwere uye zvakasimba kwazvo; Yakadyarwa kuitira nguva yechando, inochengetedza hutano hwehutano kunyange mushure mokunge ivhu risina kubhururuka uye rinogumira zvakakwana nekuuya kwegore. Usaisa mabhuru munzvimbo munzvimbo dzine mvura yakasimba; Onion-anzur inofanirwa kuwedzera unyoro hwevhu uye inogona kufa.

Mbeu nzira yekuberekwa

Inion-ansur inobereka mbeu nemeno. Mbeu ndiyo inenge yakareba kwenguva, nguva yekukura kwebhuru kune mutengi wepakati inobva kumakore mana kusvika kumashanu. Kudyara mbeu, iyo yakawanda zvikuru mukukura kupfuura mbeu yeeiii, inobudiswa munaOctober-November kusvika pakadzika zvakadzika: 1.5-2 cm. Kuonekwa kwemavara ehozha kunogona kuonekwa mukutanga kwechando: pakupera kwaMarch - kutanga kwaApril. Mugore rokutanga rekukura anzur mafomu cotyledonous mashizha uye mabhuru, asi ari maduku zvikuru, kusvika 2 cm muupamhi. Munguva yekuzorora (kuguma kwaMay) inofanira kugadzirwa, yakaomeswa uye yakachengetwa kusvika pakusima kwevhu. Bhobhoni haigoni kuvezwa uye yakasara kusvikira nguva inotevera, asi ipapo, kuitira kukura kwakanakisisa kwemuti, iva nechokwadi chekuita mbeu shoma. Nekuuya kwekuvhuvhuta, anzur inofanira kudyarwa muvhu, nechepakati pakati pemiti isiri pasi pe5 cm, pakati pemiganhu ye 25-30 cm.Kwakadzika kwekupindira kuri 5-7 cm. Gore rakatevera kune kukura kwemashizha chaiwo uye kuwedzera mubhubhu anenge anenge katatu. Kukura kubva kumbeu inzira yakareba kwazvo: bhuru guru rinogona kuwanikwa chete gore rechina.

Kuberekwa nemazino

Anyanisi inogona kuparadzirwa ne-denticles - nzira inowanzowirirana uye inotora nguva shoma. Vanodzwa apo mashizha emuti wacho akaoma zvachose. Kubva kwekudyara kunoenderana nekukura kwema-lobules: nokuti mienzaniso mikuru ndeyemaminetsi makumi maviri nemakumi maviri nemakumi mashanu kusvika maseremita masere, iyo masendimita gumi nemazana masere kusvika masendimita masere kusvika kune masikati. .

Iko kunofanirwa kutakurwa mupfungwa kuti munguva yekutanga kudyara ma-bulbs ane nzvimbo yekuparadzanisa mu 4-6 makulules, munguva dzinotevera (Gumiguru-November) kupatsanurwa hakusi kudarika uye chibereko chemakamuri ese chakakura. Muna May kune mheni, kuumbwa kweilac mabirasi emaruva; Mbeu yakakuka iri munaJune-July. Kuti ikure bhuru refu, miseve inofanira kuputswa. Mushure mokuguma kwegore rinokura, anyezi inoshanduka kuva nguva yekuzorora.

Zvikamu zvekutarisira

Mukutarisira kweanisii-anzur, kukura kwayo kunokwanisa kunyange kutanga mubhizinesi rekurima, muti wacho hauna kunyanya kukosha. Nokuda kwekugadzirwa kwakanaka, zvakakwanira kuti zvive + 15-25 ° C. Kudiridza kunorudzirwa kuenzanisa; Kune chero kumira kwemvura iyo simiti inoshungurudzwa. Munda wakadaro webindu unorayirwa kuti uite nguva nenguva fertilizing: nitrogen fertilizer mushure mekubuda (1-2 nguva), kaviri madhishi uye sulfate potassium munguva yekukura.