Nhoroondo kutamba "The Lower makadzika" Gorky

Mumwe munyori wemitambo anoda kuumba chimedu raizoparidzwa aida vaairarama kwete chete asiwo zvizvarwa zvomunguva yemberi. Ramba akakodzera kwemakumi emakore kunogona chete kushanda izvo anotakura zvimwe zvainoreva, anotidzidzisa chinhu izvo anoratidza risingafadzi muvanhu anogadziriswa matambudziko evanhu. Zviri nemabasa akadai zvinosanganisira mutambo "The Lower makadzika".

History yenhoroondo kunyora

By Maksima Gorkogo "The Lower pakadzika" yakabudiswa muna 1902. Zvakanyorwa uchikumbira troupe of Moscow Art Theater paruzhinji. chidimbu ichi ane dambudziko rakaoma kwazvo; iye akatsungirira avairambidzwa kusenza, kwemakore akawanda kudaro hakuiti Dzanyarara gakava pamusoro wayo Pfungwa kugutsikana, unyanzvi mavambo. Drama akarumbidza uye vakatsoropodza, asi hanya hazvina kutora rimwe. Pakusikwa kutamba "The Lower pakadzika" rakanga rakaoma basa pariri munyori rakatanga muna 1900 uye dzakaguma chete makore maviri gare gare.

On mumutambo Gorky akataura mukuvamba ramakumi remakore. Panguva iyoyo paaibuda pfungwa yake Stanislavsky bosyatskuyu kusika mutambo umo kwaizova anenge maviri gumi nevaviri vatambi. Munyori pachake haazivi zvichaitika pazuva guru kubudirira akanga asina kuverengwa, akatsanangura basa rake sezvo akatadza, ane simba rangano, yechinyakare.

The vanonyanya kutaurwa mumutambo

History of pakusikwa kutamba "The Lower pakadzika" rakanyatsojeka prosaic. Bamba Gorky aida kuti kutaura zvezvavakacherechedza zvenyika pamisara. By "vanhu zvekare" munyori haringorevi chete nevagari doss dzimba, proletarians nevapfuuri, asi vakadzidza vari mwoyo muupenyu, vanowirwa kukundikana. Paiva prototypes chaiye vanonyanya kutaurwa.

Saka, nhoroondo kutamba "The Lower pakadzika" anotiudza kuti mufananidzo munyori Bubnov vakasikwa tichibatanidza vanoshamwaridzana vatambi gwatya wake mudzidzisi-noruzivo. Actor Gorky akanyora kure chete mutambi-Kolosovsky Sokolovsky, uye nyaya Claudia Gross yakatorwa mufananidzo Nastia.

Pakurwisa kusenza

A yakawanda nguva yaifanira kupedzerwa mvumo kuti inoshandiswa pakutsigira ari kutamba. Munyori aitsigira mutsetse ose wemagamba, mutsetse ose zvaakasika. Pakupedzisira mvumo chakabvumwa, asi chete kuti Moscow Art Theater. History of pakusikwa kutamba "The Lower pakadzika" yakanga yakaoma, Gorky pachake vasingatendi kubudirira kwayo, uye vakuru vakaita mashoko, ndichitarisira kuti guru kukundikana. Asi zvinhu zvose zvakaitika chaizvo pakatarisana: mutambo waiva maungira kubudirira, izvozvo chose pakaitwa mabhuku mumapepanhau, munyori kakawanda vakadamwa muchimiro, vachiombera iye kumira ovation.

Nhoroondo kutamba "The Lower pakadzika" ndiyo mbiri nokuda chokwadi kuti Gorky haana pakarepo vanozivikanwa nezita raro. The Mutambo zvichinzi, asi sezvo ambotaurwa, munyori haana akasarudza. Pakati anozivikanwa dzakasiyana yakabudisa zvinotevera: "Pasina Sun", "Usiku pokugara," "Nechepakaperera upenyu", "Doss imba", "Musana". Chete ari 90s remakore rechimakumi maviri ari Moscow yemitambo chokupika mutambo kwakaitwa pasi zita "The Lower makadzika". Chero zvakanga, asi mutambo yakagamuchirwa zvakanaka kubudikidza vateereri, kwete chete kuRussia asiwo kwose. Muna 1903 muBerlin, kuratidzwa kwe kutamba. The Mutambo yave aitamba 300 nguva, uye anopupura kuti zvisati kubudirira.