Balakirev Mily Alexeyevich Russian Munyori, musoro "tsama Samasimba": Biography, okugadzira zvinhu

The Kudeuka Russian wenziyo Balakirev Miliy Alekseevich, vane mabasa dzichiri kwete rirasikirwe yayo, inozivikanwa kwete chete nokuda kwayo hunoshamisa rokusika basa, asiwo sezvo wendarama uye inspirer yose kosi muchiRussia mumhanzi.

Uduku uye Family

Nzvimbo yechizvarirwo kuti Munyori January 2, 1837 mu Nizhny Novgorod. baba vake, Balakirev Aleksey Konstantinovich akanga titular yedare vanokudzwa mavambo, mai paaivatambudza vana. Mhuri wakaitwa Tsika dzinodavirwa dzechiKristu, uye mukomana vakakura zvokunamata chaizvo, kunyange vanonyombwa musha wake, achidana "yemberi bhishopu." Faith kumarudzi hwavo kuramba inokosha nokuda Balakirev. Kubvira vachiri vaduku mwana akaratidza zvekuimba, uye amai vangu vakaona izvozvo.

Yokutanga marimba Zvakaitika

Nechekare makore 6-7 Balakirev Mily Alexeyevich achitungamirirwa amai anotanga kudzidza kuridza piyano, achiratidza zvinokosha mberi. Kuti ape mwanakomana wake zvakanaka unyanzvi, Amai amubvisa kuMoscow. Ikoko akabata pfupi kosi piyano unyanzvi panguva akakurumbira wenziyo uye mudzidzisi Aleksandra Dyubyuka. Zvino kumba, anoramba kuva mudziyo achitungamirirwa yomunzvimbo Pianist uye kondakita K. Eyzeriha. Kuti muimbi akasuma Balakirev uye Alexander Dmitrievich Ulybysheva, vaichengetedza of Arts, ane mudzidzi muimbi, mudzidzisi, uyo chaizvo basa muupenyu munyori. imba yake yakanga iri pamusoro kwakajeka nzanga omunzvimbo nevafungi, vanyori, vaimbi, Concerts yaiitwa kukurukura matambudziko ounyanzvi. Pano zvakanzi akateya nheyo aesthetic nemaonero pakati Balakirev.

kudzidza

Amai yemberi wenziyo akafa mangwanani, izvozvo hwogumisa enderana zveBhaibheri Balakirev mumhanzi. Gare gare, baba vake vakaroora zvakare, mari yake haawanzotauri zvakakwana kugara mhuri huru, kuripwa kudzidza tinogona kuenda. Ndava nemakore 12, mukomana akatumirwa Nizhny Novgorod kwamachinda Institute, apo akagamuchira zvesekondari tichiregeredza vomunharaunda kwamachinda. Makore mana gare gare akagamuchira muzvipiri paUniversity Kazan muna Mathematics Department, asi akakwanisa prouchitsya pfuurei gore, mari zvakare dzidzo akanga, aifanira vawane chouviri zvavo nokupa mumhanzi zvidzidzo. Paaiita zvidzidzo zvake, Balakirev Miliy Alekseevich akanyora yokutanga mabasa marimba: nziyo, piyano zvidimbu.

achidana

Kuona pachena netarenda jaya, Ulybyshev muna 1855 amubvisa kuna St. Petersburg, apo iye akasangana Russian munyori Mikhail Glinka.

Balakirev Mily Alexeyevich, mimhanzi kuti razova chinhu chinokosha muupenyu, akaratidza mabasa avo Maitre uye akagamuchira yakakwirira kwazvo rumbidzo uye dzokurumbidza akatsaurira upenyu hwake kuna kunyora nziyo. pashure pegore, vanoda munyori anopa kuruzhinji zvidimbu ake wokutanga mumhanzi, uyewo debut ake sechinhu Pianist uye kondakita ari mabasa Concert ake Allegro kuti Piano uye Orchestra. waivako ichi kwave chaizvo zvakanaka yakagamuchirwa vatsoropodzi uye veruzhinji, Balakirev akakokwa kuti zvesimba mudzimba vakapfuma, zvakavabatsira kuti zvinetso zvemari zviri munyori, asi unoparadza nguva yakawanda. Muimbi akamboti pachake soMusiki vavariro National Russian zvava kuzivikanwa kwake.

The nzira kuti basa

Balakirev Miliy Alekseevich, ane basa riri kuwedzera mukukurumbira, apo achitungamirira kushingaira konzati purogiramu, rotates chokunyika yeChina. Asi zvinotora naye nguva yakawanda nesimba, uye akaona chinangwa chake kunyora nziyo uye kuparadzira mazhinji pfungwa. It kunoderedza uwandu kupindira, kunyange zvazvo kwakakanganisa inobata nzvimbo yaro zvemari, uye takasarudza kuzvipira mumhanzi uye kuvhenekerwa.

Balakirev uye "tsama Samasimba"

Mukupera 50-ies zviri XIX remakore Balakirev anosvika nevakawanda vaimbi: A. S. Dargomyzhskim, V. V. Stasovym, A. N. Serovym. Saka aumbwa denderedzwa, izvo aizova kuvazivisa sezvo "tsama Samasimba". vatsigiri vakawanda vakataura pamusoro kutapwa National music, kukurukura basa. Nokufamba kwenguva, boka akabatana rinonyatsooneka vanyori wokuRussia Empire Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Borodin, Mussorgsky, Cui TS. Balakirev kuonekwa neimwe izvi majaya mumhanzi raMwari chiedza akavabatsira kuva chipo, kuti aumbe zvavo zvekuimba maitiro pachavo. Mumwe anopiwa chikwata simba vanyori, nerimwe rinoshanda yazvo nzira, asi ivo pamwe kubatsira mumwe kubudisa chimwe National maitiro.

The Group ari kushingaira kukurukura vamiririri okusika intelligentsia nguva yake vatsoropodzi Turgenev, A. Grigorovich, Pisemsky A., I. Repin. Close uye kunzwisisa ukama yakasimbiswa pamwe Vanyori P. I. Chaykovskim, hwaakange "tsama Samasimba" aiva akasimba simba. Musicians vaishingaira vari kusimudzira pfungwa dzinza mune, raiva chains-garde kuenda nokuda Russian tsika.

Pakazosvika 70 fung gore mubhendi vakarambana, asi pfungwa yacho yakaramba kurarama uye kukudziridza. "Tsama Samasimba" akasiya chinokosha mucherechedzo mumhanzi wokuRussia, simba rayo riri vakaziva A. Liadov, Arensky, S. Lyapunov, Ippolitov-Ivanova, kunyange French marimba tsika paiva aizivikanwa "nhanhatu" by Erik Satie uye Zhana Kokto, kudzokorora nzira "tsama Simba".

Educational basa

Miliy Alekseevich Balakirev, ane Biography iri zvachose chokuita mumhanzi, wakaita mupiro mukuru paumbwe chikoro National. Muna 1862, pamwe chete G. Lomakin, kondakita pamusoro kwaya Balakirev kuumba mumhanzi chikoro rakasununguka akava musimboti dzidzo, kusimudzira National makanaka uye nzvimbo zvenziyo dzidzo vakawanda rokutanga.

Mambo vakatsigira kutanga pamusoro vaimbi, saka musangano nomukana kuva dutu basa. Vakaronga Concerts vadzidzi, akatora kuchikoro vose vakanga nemano, asi akanga asingagoni kubhadhara mari yechikoro. The chikoro akadzidzisa nzeve kudzidzisa, chiridzwa uye Vocal. Balakirev aiva wesangano tsika uye muitisi yacho konzati. In yechipiri yezana 80-ies zviri XIX remakore, chikoro chacho chaiva rikwanise kuperevedza mari, izvo zvakazoita kuti chinokosha zvinoderedza kwayakaita. Balakirev apo achipfuura zvikuru dambudziko, iye kunyange anosiya pambiru Director kwekanguva.

Asi muna 1881 akadzokera pambiru Director of kufarira mwana uye chikoro anoramba akatendeka kusvikira kumugumo. Muna 1883, Balakirev pasi patronage pamusoro TI Filippova akanga Kushandisa Court Chapel, apo pedagogical tarenda rake kwesangano uye anobatsira. It anovandudza kudzidzisa wemuTesitamende Chapel, kunonatsiridza chinoumba nesayenzi ari Anoranga, anotikumbira kudzidzisa Rimsky-Korsakov, anoronga kwaya kirasi, zvikuru anovandudza upenyu vadzidzi, izvozvo anovaka chivako chitsva pamusoro chapel. Muna 1894 iye akasiya chapero utungamiri uye retires pamwe hwakasimba mari rubatso, kubva panguva iyoyo apedze pachake nomunyorero.

Musical basa

Balakirev Mily Alexeyevich zvose ake upenyu aidaro mumhanzi, basa rake akatanga kunyorwa nziyo yokutanga mudzidzi uye piyano zvidimbu. Activities Munyori yakatanga doro kufurirwa Mikhail Glinka, uyo akaita basa rinokosha muupenyu muimbi. Muna 1866, Glinka, Balakirev vakokwa atungamirire kweShanduro dhanzi "Ruslan uye Lyudmila" uye "Life nokuda chevaux" ari muPrague yemitambo. Muimbi akaratidza basa guru uye akaratidza tarenda rake romukokeri mubasa iri, iro raiva rakabudirira uye vakabatsira nokusimbaradza kwenzvimbo Balakirev ari mumhanzi nyika.

Muna 1860, munyori akafamba achitevedza Volga, iyo anounganidza nziyo vakwasvi, dzakazova chimiro ari mumhanzi muunganidzwa, ngatiite yakawanda ruzha tsika dzedu. Muna 1862, 1863 uye 1868 M azvaitwa, iye aienda kuCaucasus, kubva pamaonero izvo zvakakanganisa basa muimbi. Nokukurumidza, munyori vakokwa kuitisa Concerts of Imperial Russian Musical Society, asi muna 1869 akamanikidzwa kubuda pambiru.

Kunotanga munhu yakaoma muupenyu Balakirev, munyori pasi kushungurudzwa uye defamation, zviri kukonzera kuti mupfungwa kunotevera, uye kwemakore akawanda akaderedza ake okusika basa zvikuru. Muna 1881, akadzokera mumhanzi, asi ane hanya zvikuru kutungamirirwa mukereke, anonyora zvishoma, asi panguva ino varipo simba, mabasa akawanda vakakura, dzakadai symphonic nhetembo "Tamara".

Panoperera pakati 90s anouya wokupedzisira rokusika zvibereko chaizvo nguva munyori wacho upenyu. Iye anonyora yakawanda nziyo piyano, kushanda pamusoro symphonic detembo "Rus" uye "Muzana Czech Republic."

rokusika nhaka

Munyori Balakirev Miliy Alekseevich, makore oupenyu unopiwa kutsvaka nechouviri, dzidzo uye kudzidzisa, vachisiya duku, asi chinokosha nhaka. Pakati mabasa ake makuru zvinosanganisira nziyo "Mambo Lear", piyano kwokunyepedzera "Islam" zvikuru kurapwa nezvimwe Vanyori, vanenge 2 gumi nevaviri kumabasa uye nenziyo, vaviri symphonies.

upenyu Personal

Balakirev Mily Alexeyevich waiva wakazadzwa, nutty mhando akaisa akaoma muupenyu ezvinhu. All ake akanga pfupi mari upenyu, akanga haunted nevavengi vakanga akamuchera, akaronga kurwisa munyori pachaunga. Mukuru kudzika zvemari dambudziko yakarohwa muna 1872, apo Concerts chikoro kwete chete kurega angabatsira, asi haasi kukwanisa kupfuura. Kuwedzera baba munyori uyu kufa uye pamafudzi ake hunogara kutarisirwa zvakanaka nehanzvadzi vaduku. Muimbi vapererwa, iye anosvika huta kuparara, kunyange akafunga nezvokuzviuraya.

Muna 1874, Balakirev anosiya chikoro uye anoenda kuchitoro utariri Warsaw njanji somunhu underling, iye zvakare anotanga kupa mumhanzi zvidzidzo. Hapana simba kana nguva kuramba uchikurukura neshamwari akanga hake denderedzwa dzakafanana, asingadi kunyora nziyo. Yaiva nguva yakaoma zvikuru muupenyu hwake. Balakirev akawana nzira chitendero, akava wainamata chaizvo uye zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga kudzokera dzose. Muna 1881, apo akadzoka kubasa pachikoro, ake epfungwa inoputswa. Vicissitudes zvoupenyu, chido mimhanzi aisabvumirwa Balakirev asike mhuri dzavo, uye akagara tsvimborume, vaneshungu okugadzira zvinhu.

Munyori akararama refu uye azere upenyu, akafa musi waMay 29, 1910, uye akavigwa mujinga Tikhvin Cemetery.

Interesting chokwadi Biography

Life izere vanhu okusika Kazhinji nemateru nezvisingafadzi, zviitiko zvakasiyana, kwete kunze, uye Balakirev Mily Alexeyevich. Interesting zvinhu vanoumba guru list, panewo ndakasuruvara. Saka, zvose zvemashoko munyori kwete chete kune Russian tsika yacho, asi kuti yose mumhanzi European muguta ripi munyika, akanga asina kuisa shongwe. Asi mumwe yakanakisisa mumhanzi zvikoro Europe, kana kwete nyika, riri muMoscow, vanodada unobereka zita rake.

Balakirev mwana airwara, aiwanzogara kutambudzwa uye vanoramba musoro runorwadza kuti akamudzinga mwoyo. Pane imwe avo kuramba tichishanda nematambudziko, iye kunyange aida kusiya uye uende yemamongi, asi sezvinei, chirwere chacho yaserera, uye munyori akanga ari enyika upenyu.

dzidzo yavo, chaizvoizvo, vanosungirwa Balakirev pachake, akashanda nesimba pamusoro unyanzvi hwake uye kuvandudza. Zvisinei, kana akakumbirwa mumakore ake vakura, akagadzwa nyanzvi Moscow Conservatory, munyori akaramba nekuti haana kuva zvedzidzo dzidzo.