Nguva ipi iyo metro inomira? Mamiriro ekushanda kweMetro metro. Mamiriro ekushandiswa kwematare muSt. Petersburg

"Inguva ipi inoshandiswa nemugwagwa?" - Zvichida, mubvunzo uyu unofarira vanhu vose vemazuva ano. Sei?

Zvakanaka, kutanga, nekuda kwekuti metro system, sekutonga, inowanikwa mumagariro, munharaunda yaunofamba nayo kushandisa dzimwe nzira dzekutakura vanhu, inogara kwenguva refu uye isingakanganisi. Chechipiri, rudzi urwu rwekutakura runofungidzirwa kuti nderimwe rusingatengi munyika, sezvo mutero unotungamirirwa nehurumende, uye kutyisidzira kwezviitiko kana nharaunda dzemotokari, iwe unobvumirana, unoderedzwa. Saka zvinosvika pakuti nzira yekushandiswa kwemasitroti emasitrasi munyaya dzakawanda inofungidzirwa paunenge uchigadzirira purogiramu yekufamba-famba muguta.

Tichaedza kufunga nezve metro system pane muenzaniso wekuchamhembe kweRussian Federation. Tichapindura mamwe emibvunzo yakaoma zvikuru: "Mutaundi iri muguta iri pedyo zvakadini, inoshanda sei, yakasikwa sei, uye chii chakakosha mumugwagwa unokosha muSt. Petersburg?"

Chikamu 1. Zvose zvinorondedzerwa nezvenharaunda yekutakura

Mutaundi ekumusoro-soro ndeimwe yenzira huru pasi pose kune dzimwe nzvimbo. Zuva rimwe nerimwe vanopfuura mamiriyoni maviri vanhu vanoshandisa maitiro echitima.

Kare kare pakutanga kwezana ramakumi maviri nemaviri, gwagwa reSt. Petersburg rakave nemigwagwa ine pasi pechina ine urefu hwemakiromita anopfuura 90, zvivako 58, 65 vestibules uye paiva nemangoro 1380.

Mukuwedzera, zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti maitiro ekushanda kweMetro metro anowirirana zvakakwana naSt. Petersburg: chirongwa chekuvhara nekuvhara, pamwe chete nehurongwa hwebasa pakupera kwevhiki uye mazororo zvakafanana zvakafanana. Nokudaro, zvinetso nekushandiswa kwayo hazvisi kuzomuka zvakare kune vagari venyika mbiri mbiri, kana kune vakawanda vanofamba.

Kusvika iye zvino, basa rekugadziriswa kweSt. Petersburg rinobatanidzwa mumabasa mashanu ekugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa. Basa risina kukanganiswa rinopiwa nevane 12 000 vashandi. Munharaunda yepasi pepasi kune mazana anopfuura mazana maviri emazuva ano ecalators. Nzira yekushanda yemugwagwa weSt. Petersburg yakanyatsogadziriswa: muawa imwe chete, mapoka maviri ezvitima anobuda munzvimbo idzi.

Pasi penzira yePetersburg inonzi ndiyo yakagadzirirwa uye yakashandura kwete muRussia chete, asiwo kune yekare yeUnited States. High-tech yakabatanidzwa nehutachiona hutungamiri hunoita kuti kuchengetedzwa kwekutakura. Yaiva mumuguta wekuchamhembe kwepamusoro kuti magetsi ekubhadhara maitirwo akatanga kutanga, achibvumira mutasviki achiyerera kuti anyore. Parizvino, basa riri kuitwa nekushingaira pakuvhura kwevasingaziviki makadhi.

Chimwe nechimwe chinzvimbo chakashongedzwa mumutauro wemunhu mumwechete, mapaniyoni ane mabasa akanakisisa evanyori vanozivikanwa kubva panguva yekuvakwa. Nzvimbo dzakawanda dzinotora zvinhu zvezvinhu zvekuvakwa uye mutsika hunokosha. Ruzivo rwekuti yakawanda yakavharwa sei metsi yakanyorwa pane imwe mapoka ebhodhi pamusuo wekuchengetedza.

Chikamu 2. Nhoroondo yezvisikwa

Chinangwa chekuumba gorosi rapasi pevhu muSt. Petersburg rakaberekerwa kunyange munguva dzeMambo weRussia muzana remakore rechi19.

Asi pakutanga pakutanga pfungwa yakadaro yakanga isina kutsigirwa naMambo Alexander I. Nokufamba kwenguva, guta racho rakakurumidza kukura, uye kutakura kwaidiwa kuvandudzwa. Icho chibvumirano chekutanga chemitambo chaive chigadzirwa chemugwagwa wepakati pemugwagwa weInjini Torgovanov, iyo yaifungidzira kubatana kwezvitoro zveBaltic neFinland.

Zvose zviitiko zvinosanganisira zvivako zvepamusoro zvepamusoro pane zvakapfuura. Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, kuve nekugadzirisa kwemaorerail kwakave kwakaedzwa muGatchina. Gare gare, chirongwa chakagadzirwa kudunhu reKoltseva.

Mazano ake pamusoro pokusika kwechitima cheguta panguva dzakasiyana-siyana akaisa vanjiniya Pechkovsky, Reshevsky, Balinsky, Girshson, Kulzhinsky, Gorchakov, Yenakiev naGraftio.

Asi mabasa akadaro aida mari yakawanda yemari, iyo yaiva chipingamupinyi. Uye mumakore makumi matatu chete chete maive nekuchinja, izvo zvinokosha pakuvandudzwa kwekutakura pasi pasi.

Chikamu 3. Vanhu VeMetro

Pasi penzira yePetersburg munguva yekufamba-famba muna 2014 ichawanikwa usiku. "Nguva ipi iyo nzvimbo yemuguta iri muguta rako iri pedyo?" Vatariri vanobvunza. "O, iwe uchava nenguva yekuyemura usiku hwedu hutsvene!" - Pindura vanhu vomunharaunda.

Night mode inoshanda kubva pakupera kwaApril kusvika pakati peNovember. Vatasviki vanogona kushandisa zvese zve metro kubva pa1: 00 kusvika pa3: 00. Zvitima zvinoshandiswa kubva pachipatara "Sportivnaya" kuenda kuchipatara "Admiralteyskaya" uye kumashure kubva Kubvumbi kusvika Mugovera uye Kubvira Mugovera kusvika Svondo.

Kwemazororo (Krisimasi, Easter, Victory Day, City Day), metro ichashanda neawa. Purogiramu yakadaro yemugwagwa mumugwagwa weSt. Petersburg inowanikwa mumazuva eusiku weMusumusi ne "Scarlet Sails".

Yeuka kuti pamazuva mashoma gwagwa reSt. Petersburg, seMoscow, rinotanga basa rayo pa5: 40 mangwanani uye rinopera pedyo ne1: 00 mangwanani mangwanani. Purogiramu yebasa inobva pane zvinodiwa zvekutungamirirwa uye nzvimbo, uye saka nguva nenguva inochinja.

Chikamu 4. Mazuva ano Metro Museum

Pachivako chemasitiriti "Primorskaya" pamwe chete neOdoevsky mumugwagwa, 29 pane Metro Museum, uko iwe unogona kuona zviratidzo zvekusununguka. Pano unogona kuwana ruzivo rwakakosha ruzivo. Semuenzaniso, pamusoro pekuti metro iri kuvhara sei ikozvino, iyo yakashanda sei kare, inzanisa, dzidza nzira uye nzira dzekufambisa kwekutakura nzira yeguta guru.

Maererano nezvikumbiro zvekutanga, kushanyira kweboka kunorongedzerwa kuvadzidzi vechikoro, vadzidzi, vaperesi, nekushanya.

Kunyange zvazvo ichifanira kuonekwa kuti pamakwikwi akadaro, zvakakosha kugadzira bheji chaiyo uye kadhi rekuziva. Purogiramu yekufambisa kwemapoka evashanyi vasati vasvika pane zvinogona kuverengerwa kuongororwa kwe tunnel, pavilions uye nzvimbo dzinotarisa, kuratidzwa kwemafirimu pamusoro pematare eSt. Petersburg. Mushure maizvozvi, unokwanisa kuzvimiririra nekuongorora chekushaya. Asi iyi inenge yatobhadhara basa. Imyuziyamu inotanga kubva Muvhuro kusvika Chishanu.

Chikamu 5. Zviitiko mumugwagwa

MunaEpril 1974 panzvimbo ye "Masango" - "Square of Courage" yakawanikwa buoyant. Somugumisiro, mugwagwa wakazara. Nenzira yakanaka, vese vashandi vakaponeswa. Nokuda kweizvi zvinotyisa, kuvhara kwakaumbwa pamusoro, uye kuputika kwakaonekwa pamadziro edzimba. Vongai nekuiswa kwechidimbu pedyo nechiteshi "Lesnaya" mafashamo akamira.

Makumi maviri nemakore makore akazotevera, muchikamu chimwechete chemugwagwa wakadzika, rusvingo rwakanga rwakaputsika nemurazvo, chitima chakanga chakavharwa uye chitima chakatanga kutamhanya kune mamwe mashizha. Matanho matsva akavakwa, ayo ari masvingo emakete ekhonkiti ane zvisimbiso zvakasarudzwa. Terenda yekutanga yakatangwa mumakore masere, munaJune 2004.

Muna June 1999, pachiteshi che "Sennaya Ploshchad" kanda yakawanda yepasi yakavhara. Vanhu vanomwe vakafa. Mushure mekuitika kwechiitiko ichi, mavhisi ezvimwe zvivako zvakasimbiswa kana kusimbiswa. Kuburikidza kwemasimba panzvimbo yeSt. Petersburg muzhizha ra2010 kwakatungamirira kukurumidza kumira kwekutengesa kwepasi penzira. Vose vaifamba vaifanira kubudiswa mumugwagwa.

Chikamu 6. Chokwadi chinofadza

Vakawanda vanotenda kuti sezvo maitiro eMoscow metro anenge akafanana zvakafanana neSt. Petersburg metro, saka pane zvisizvo hapana kusiyana mumatambudziko ekutakura emaguta ose. Haisi kungopfuura kudengesa.

Zvakakosha kufungisisa pamusoro pehuwandu hunotevera. Guta reguta reSt. Petersburg rinoonekwa sechokumusoro kwepasi peRussia uye yakadzika munyika. Chiteshi chacho chekumusoro ndi "Parnassus", uye kumadokero kune "Primorskaya". Kukura kwekuitika kune chiyero kunosvika mamita 57. Uye nzvimbo iyo "Admiralteyskaya" inenge yakadzika mamita makumi mapfumbamwe uye inowanikwa munzvimbo dzakadzika muRussia.