Ndezvipi kuchinja kwakaitwa naMambo Olga? Chii chaiva kuchinja kweChristina Olga?

Mukuru mukunda mukuru muKyiv Rus anonzi mudzimai waIgor Rurikovich - Olga.

Ndiani Princess Olga?

Maererano nezvinyorwa zvekare, musikana uyu akanga ari wenyika. Achivonga unhu hwakanaka hwake, uyewo huchenjeri hwake hunoshamisa, akaonekwa naGuru Duke Igor somukomana wechidiki uye akasarudzwa semudzimai wake. Izvo zvakaitika kuti kwenguva refu yakareba vatungamiri vemuchinda vakanga vasina vana. Izvozvi zvakakonzera kuti Olga akatanga kunyengetera kuna mwari wechiKristu, uye munguva pfupi ivo vaviri vakagara nhaka. Nokudaro, Olga pakati pevanhu vechihedheni akatanga kutora chiKristu ndokutanga kubatsira kuburitsa kwayo muRussia. Nenzira imwecheteyo, icho chaicho chekusarudza kwaOlga kubvuma kutenda kwechiKristu chakapupurira kune huchenjeri hwake uye huchenjeri hunoshamisa. Pasinei neizvi, murume waOlga nemwanakomana wavo vakaramba vakatendeka kune vamwari vavo vechihedheni avo vakavabatsira muhondo. Kunyange zvakadaro, maitiro aOlga aiva nechinzvimbo chakakosha kumuzukuru wake, Prince Vladimir, uyo akabhabhatidza Rus. Akasarudzawo chitendero chechiKristu sechitendero chehurumende.

Kubvumirana kuenda kuchigaro choumambo

Mambokadzi Olga akava chirikadzi kare: panguva yekuunganidzwa kwemutero Igor akaurayiwa nehasha nehasha Drevlyans. Sezvo mugari wenhaka akanga achiri muduku, mhandara pachayo yakakwira pachigaro.

Chinhu chokutanga chaakaita ndechekubata naDrevlyane uyo akanga auraya murume wake, achidzivisa zvakanyanya kupandukira kwavo. Pashure pacho, nguva yakatanga, panguva iyo kuchinja kweChristina Olga kwakagadziridzwa. Munguva iyi, kuchinja kwemuitiro muhurumende yehurumende kwakaitika. Basa guru raOlga raiva kudzivirira mune ramangwana rezviitiko, zvakadai sezvo zvakatungamirira kurufu rwemurume wake.

Innovations uye shanduko

Ndezvipi kuchinja kwakaitwa naMambo Olga? Chokutanga pane zvose, akatanga kutora mutero kuburikidza nekugadzira mitemo yakarongeka. Mambokadzi Olga akatungamirira shanduko, uyo aiva nechinangwa chekuderedza simba remarudzi kuburikidza nekusimbisa simba rayo. Ichi chiitiko chinorondedzerwa mu "Tale of Bygone Makore" naNestor: "Uye Olga akaenda nemwanakomana wake uye nedruina kunyika yeDrevlyan, achigadzira mutero nemitero." Kuchinja kweChristina Olga kwakatanga muna 946.

Kuchinja Kwemitero

Chikamu chakakosha chaiva nekugadzwa kwezvinonzi "zvidzidzo". Mambokadzi Olga akanyorwa zvakajeka zviyero zvemutero, izvo zvinofanira kubhadharwa pane dzimwe nguva. Kusiyana ne "polydya", izvi zvakava nzira yakabudirira yekubhadhara mitero, sezvo mutero waiunganidzwa kamwe kamwe pagore mune mutsa: mishonga, furs, uyewo marudzi akasiyana-siyana emitengo.

Kukosha kwechechi

Pamusoro peizvi, Changamire Olga's shanduko hazvina kuguma. Chimwe chinhu chakakosha pakugadzirwa kwaiva kuvakwa kwemasangano echechi. Vakanga vari nzvimbo duku dzesimba guru. Kubva ikozvino, imwe nharaunda yekutonga yakawana nzvimbo yaro yechechi uye nheyo apo kuunganidzwa kwemutero kwakaitwa. Pogosts akashandiswawo mune zvekutengeserana. Nokudaro, kuchinja kwehutungamiri hweChristine Olga kwakapa ruzivo pakusikwa kwenzvimbo dzaive pasi pesimba remukuru wevanokunda uye anokwanisa kudzora chero vezvematongerwe enyika vasina kugutsikana nemitemo yemudzvinyiriri. Gare gare, nezana remakore rechigumi nemana, kereke yechechi yakashandurwa ikava nharaunda yekudzivirira yedunhu.

Pamberi pokutonga kwaOlga, kuunganidzwa kwemutero kwakaitwa semhando ye polydya - yegore yegore yechando pfuma yezvipo nehurumende, panguva iyo mutero unogona kuunganidzwa kaviri kubva muchivanze chimwe. Pasina mubvunzo, ichi chikonzero chakakonzera kusagutsikana uye kutsamwa kwevaripo. Zvisinei, nekutaurirwa kwevapogosts, vanhu vakabhadhara mutero vakagamuchira chisimbiso chepachipupuriro, icho chakavadzivirira kubva pakudzosa zvakare mutero. Izvi zvinoshandurwa Olga zvakanyatsoiswa muzviito, zvishoma nezvishoma zvinokurudzira maitiro. Mukugadzirisa kushandiswa kwenyika itsva, machinda mazhinji emunharaunda akaurasikirwa nesimba ravo, uye kuzvimiririra kwemadzinza ezvokudzivirira kwakanyatsopera. Basa rakagadzirwa naOlga harina kugamuchirwa ruzivo uye ruchiva runyaradzo, asi rwakakosha zvikuru mukusimudzirwa kwetsika.

Kubvumirwa kwetiunas

Chikamu chinotevera chakanga chiri kusarudzwa kwemadzinza ekubhadhara mutero mumapogosts. Asati apinda muHurumende yekare yeRussia, maSlavic eEastern vakadana kuti Tiiuns "cattlemen." Kutanga, izvi zvakashandurwa zvinopupurira kukura kwehukama hwemari. Panzvimbo yemombe Rusichi yakagamuchira imwe chimiro chakakosha chechiyero, chiyeuchidzo chesimbi yesimbi.

Kana iwe ukanyora kuchinja kweChristina Olga muchidimbu, iwe unogona kuziva zvimwe zvinhu. Ichi chirevo chezvidzidzo, kusikwa kwemachechi echechi uye kusarudzwa kwevatori ve dani-tiuns. Mambokadzi Olga panguva yekutonga kwake akatonga kutanga kwezvemari muRussia. Akaronga chiyero chakatarwa chemutero uye mutemo wemari yake. Zvinoreva mabasa aChristine Olga aive mumutemo wemabasa, iyo centralization yehurumende yeKeya, kuora simba kwesimba (renyika) simba.

Mune mamwe mazwi, kuchinja kweChristina Olga kwakapa mukana wekuti mutero wakabatanidzwa kubva kumarudzi akazvimirira wakatsiviwa nemutero wakatarwa wakabhadhara vanhu vose. Panguva imwecheteyo, mukana wekudzokororazve kubva kune mumwe mubhadhari wakadziviswa.

Nokudaro, kuchinja kweChristina Olga pakupedzisira kwakagamuchira hurumende yeKiev, yakarongedza mitero yekodzero, yakasarudza kuparadzaniswa kwehurumende. Gare gare , mutemo weOnga wepamba wakaimbwa nevanhu vane nhau uye nziyo. Kuvonga kuiswa kwechitendero chechiKristu, Olga akakwidziridzwa kunzvimbo yevasande ndokuva muparidzi akaenzana neVaApostora. Kuchinja munzanga, zvematongerwe enyika, zvehupfumi uye zvemweya zvakaita kuti zvive nyore kusimudzira Rus. Pasina mubvunzo, ichi chakava chikamu chinonyanya kukosha munhoroondo yezvisikwa zveRussia statehood.