Murwiyo nechivako roruvanze

The rokutonga wemuTesitamende nyika yedu iri kunzwisisa yose matare hwakagadzwa zvichienderana kugona kwavo, uye akaisa pamberi pavo matambudziko uye zvinangwa. Panguva iyoyo, Russia kwakasimbiswa kwegadziriro kumatare, asi panzvimbo chaiyo maumbirwo roruvanze. Vanogona kukamurwa kuva 3 makuru uye kupfuura zvikuru dzine - kuyananisa, edzimhosva uye yepamutemo. Munyaya ino, tichakurukura ongorora muudzame nerimwe mapoka aya.

mubumbiro matare

Ngatitange pamwe Constitutional Court - mumwe dzamavanze zvikuru mamiriro edu. Asi, chete chinonyanya kukosha. dare iri Russian Federation chete ane mukana kududzira Constitution of State pachena, nekukatanura panyaya weboka competences uye zviremera kuita macheki zvaidiwa Constitution of magwaro akasiyana-siyana uye mitemo. Asi mabasa ayo anosanganisira mharidzo yacho mukuru kuzozvidza President kuti mukuru hurumende kana mumwe mhosva kwete zvishoma chakakomba.

Mamiriro yepamutemo dare zvinosanganisira mubumbiro (mvumo) matare vanotongwa. Vanogona zvose kuva uye kuva, kureva, ariko yavo pakutsvaga chaizvo nyaya Federation. In akazvimiririra chinoda, vari kunzi yepamutemo, mune dzimwe nyaya (nekuti havana bumbiro uye Charter), ukuwo, vanonzi mitemo. mabasa avo akafanana ne Constitutional Court, asi masimba avo zvichiri kungogumira kundima uye nzvimbo yacho.

Pavazhe vakawanda utongi

Hunokosha chitsamba: Russia zvino dare mamiriro inosanganisirawo vakuru vemauto, zvisinei, vane chaizvo zvakafanana sevhiriyeni. Musiyano chete ndechokuti vari nechinangwa panguva nekutumirwa kwemauto uto zviumbu (dare munhu reuto - ruwa uto dare - the Military Collegium Supreme Court), uye saka nyora kumatare uto hazvina musoro zvizere.

The chikuru dare renyika uye ayo dzakasiyana

Supreme Court - ukuru dare ndeyekupedzisira mugoveri upi uye zvose mhosva, vehurumende uye administrative zvekufamba. Maererano Pakutanga, Dare anoona nzvimbo zvikuru diki dzebhizimisi. Pane chinhu reDare 4 mapuranga - vehurumende, administrative, mhosva uye uto purangazve.

Nemamiriro dzamavanze Russian zvinoreva kuti Repamusorosoro - anokosha munyika yedu. A nyaya Supreme Court (yenyika dzakapoteredza, zvomunharaunda dare) - nedare repamusorosoro yacho. Ari vanoongorora zvose kuti havana kodzero kudzokorora matare rezasi. Kakawanda, dzaanoridza basa matare appellate uchingodzikira munyaya yakwidzwa. Court zvidzidzo kuita zvikuru vashomanana Muzviitiko. Somuenzaniso, anoona vasaenderera mberi chokuita vevatariri ari Federal Assembly, uye zvekufamba, izvo hurumende chakavanzika chero zvakavanzika ruzivo uye havabvumirwi zvavo kuburitsa. The nemamiriro Supreme Court anotaura kuti vatongi anoita mabasa ayo panguva iyoyo chechetere.

Municipal uye dunhu Matare

Regional (yemo) dare - chepasi dzevagari uye mhosva mumatare aya anoratidzwa ne mitemo dzakasiyana uye mitemo. Zvisinei, kazhinji kacho, Regional matare kuongorora zvinhu nharo, kukosha kwacho kwakatarwa kwomunhurume chiri vanopfuura 50 000 rubles., Kusawirirana (weboka pfuma), chikumbiro simba, uyewo vakawanda mhosva.

mabasa vatongi

Vatongi runyararo - nyika vatongi Russian Federation anomiririrwa vatongi vakawanda wenharaunda yaitongwa masangano acho Russian uye kupinda chete rokutonga nyika nyika yedu. Matare Worldwide vari yeUnited masangano pachedu uye vatongi munyika yose anofanira kusarudzwa nokuda pambiru mumiririri mutumbi zviremera emarudzi nyaya Russian Federation. Mukuwedzera, vangava akasarudzirwa pambiru voruzhinji vari rokutonga muruwa maererano nzira yakatangwa Russian mutemo pasi. Panguva iyoyo kuRussia nhasi hakuna chete isangano, izvo raizoita Somuenzaniso, nemamiriro Repamusorosoro rakachinja akumbirwa vomunyika, kana kuti matare vatongi 'dzakaumbwa kufungisisa maonero uye zvakananga kunobatanidza vanhu vemo.

Matare vehurumende 'kuongorora kukurukurirana zvaioneka kusvika 50 000 rubles., Uye munyaya kudzokorora mamwe mapoka asiri pfuma kusawirirana (muchimiro kurambana, kana pasina nharo pamusoro pfuma iyi), melkougolovnyh zvekufamba, asi torai chisarudzo nyaya chokuita nezvokupindira dzinongoitika kana zviri pamutemo vanhu vari yaiona basa. Zvavanenge vawana vanobvumidzwa kupikisa muna Federal Court.

kuyananisa matare

The nemamiriro kuyananisa matare inoumbwa marudzi anotevera:

The kuyananisa Court of County - maererano kuyananisa kururamisira, mamiriro edu rakakamurwa imwe dunhu umo matare akakodzera ushande. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti yeUnited kuyananisa uye County (zvakafanana sezvo hondo, Chokwadi), hakusi rakafanana munharaunda yakakura uye kuti dziwande uye chete 10.

Appellate matare - matare kuoneka kudzora yacho. Ivo tarisa wepamutemo zviito kuyananisa Pavazhe nyaya nyika yacho ukoshi, akavimbika uye ukoshi. Kodzero kuyananisa wedare rokukwirira dzinosanganisira:

• inspections ari kuteterera Mvumo uye kururamiswa roruvanze mirairo uye mabasa izvo murege kupinda simba pamutemo urongwa, rakadzokororwa nokuda kuyananisa matare vanotongwa nyika yedu;
• Shanduro zvikonzero apiwa akasvinudzwa kugamuchirwa navo uye akapinda chepamutemo simba zvokutonga mabasa.

The kuyananisa Court of nyaya - iri negadziriro Pavazhe boka iri hamuna emunharaunda matare, umo zvose rinotanga nyaya kumatare. Kuyananisa matare kuongorora kunyanya mari zvekufamba uye kunyange zvekufamba chokuita kusauka zvose zviri pamutemo masangano uye vanhu.

Legal chinzvimbo uye nzvimbo vatongi achitevedza Russian bumbiro

Murayiro iroro kuti vatongi vane nomumwe, takaberekwa tine Dare kuitira nezvaanogona ezvidzidzo kururamisira uye kuita mabasa avo pachavo zvakananga vari nyanzvi hwaro. Terms uye mirayiro vatongi pachiitwa masimba aro vanofanira kunyatsova chero uye zvose masangano ehurumende, paruzhinji shamwari, vakuru vakuru, vamwe pamutemo masangano uye vanhu. Kuratidzwa kusaremekedza dare kana vatongi, asiri zvaidiwa ezvinhu uye mirayiro vatongi rinobatanidza imwe basa mutemo.

Zvinodiwa Kuti vatongi

vatongi vose vane chete hweHIV. Vamwe zvinoita zviri pamutemo kwevatongi yakanyorwa hondo (mauto) matare uye vatongi Russian reConstitutional Court. Sezvo nzvimbo vatongi anonzi mukuru, zvisinei dare mamiriro, vari pasi dzimwe nezvinodiwa chaizvo uye zvinodiwa, izvo zviri Art. CRF 119: "Vatongi vane mikana yose kuti chete vanhu vaya vari vagari Russia, uyo zera makore makumi maviri nemashanu pamwe dzidzo yepamusoro (hazvo pamutemo) uye ukuru basa maererano nomutemo basa kweinenge 5 years."

Pamwe mubumbiro ezvinhu aya kunorondedzerwa mitemo uye vanoverengeka zvimwe zvinodiwa:

• Judges inofanira kuremekedzwa dare mamiriro, vanofanira kutevera Constitution nemamwe mitemo;
• Judges ari mabasa masimba avo, uyewo kubvisa-basa ukama vanofanira kudzivisa chero chinhu chingaita dzinorerutsa chiremera dzeutongi, mutongi kunyadzisa kana kumutsa kunyumwira ari kugona kwayo, kusasarura, kururamisira uye basa.

Judges hazvibvumidzwe kubva panguva kuva wevatariri, vakuyananisei, nevamiririri, anoreva socio-mapato uye dzinokura, dzika mabhizimisi, uyewo basa kukabatanidzwa somutongi pamwe mimwe basa akabhadhara, kuitira kuti kutyora murwiyo nechivako roruvanze. Zvisinei, pane kunze. Somuenzaniso, vatongi vanobvumirwa kuita tsvakurudzo, kudzidzisa, kunyora, uye mamwe basa rokusika. Mutemo uyezve zvinoda pambiru vatongi vakagadzwa munhu, kwete munhu fait kwokuchera mabasa. Uyezve, munhu vachiti pambiru mutongi anofanira kupfuura munhu Kukodzera mamiriro kuzviongorora.