Mumwe wezvakaitika kare weRussia uye wezvematongerwo enyika Yuri Afanasyev

Munguva yekuchinja kukuru kwakagumisa makore makumi manomwe emakore nhoroondo yeSoviet Union, paiva nenhamba dzemazana anokosha akazova chiratidzo chenguva ino. Yuri Afanasyev - muRussia wezvematongerwo enyika, scientists uye chimiro chevanhu vose ndeimwe yei. Akasiya nyika ino musi waSeptember 14, 2015. Ndeipi imwe chikonzero chekutarisisa zvakanyanya unhu hwe munhu uyu anoshamisa.

Biography Facts

Mutevedzeri wezvematongerwo enyika weRussia Yuri Afanasyev akaberekwa musi waSeptember 5, 1934 mumusha muduku weVolga weMain. Chinyanyozivikanwa nezvemakore mashoma ehuchauya "superintendent of perestroika." Asi kutarisirwa kunokodzera kuti pashure pokupedza chikoro chesekondari, akaenda kumusha uye akapinda muyunivhesiti yakakurumbira muSoviet Union. Mushure mekunge vadzidza paChipatimendi reNhoroondo, Moscow State University yakatumirwa neKomsomol kurayira kure Siberia kune kwekuvakwa kweKrasnoyarsk motokari yemagetsi.

Pakushamiswa kwekutyisidzira ichi Yuri Afanasyev akapedza makore anenge mapfumbamwe. Basa rake seKomsomol rinosanganisira kugamuchirwa nekugara kwevechidiki vakatumirwa kune kuvaka kubva kumativi ese eU.SR. Muna 1966, Yuri Afanasyev, ane nhoroondo yaive yakajairika pachigamba chekutanga, akadzokera kuMoscow. Zvinhu zvikuru zvaimumirira mberi kwake.

Basa reSayenzi

Mushure mokudzokera kumuguta mukuru, basa romushandi weKomsomol rakakwira. Zvisinei, iyo nomenklatura mubato reChechi neKomsomol, akasarudza kuchinja kune zvesayenzi. Muna 1971, Yuri Afanasyev akapedza kudzidza kubva kuChikemy of Social Sciences pasi peCPSU Central Committee. Mushure mokunge anotanga kuitisa masimba masayenzi uye mabasa ehutungamiri. Kaviri anoenda kunodzidzira kuFrance kune yakakurumbira yeSybonne University. Mabhuku ake anozivikanwa munyika yesayenzi, iyo inogonesa kubudirira kubudirira kwebasa remabasa paInited General General of Academy of Sciences yeU.SR.

Anova chiremba wezvesayenzi yezvakaitika kare, purofesa, akasarudza mudzidzisi wezvidzidzo zveRussia Academy of Natural Sciences. Muna 1983, Yuri Afanasyev akazova nhengo yemutungamiri webhuku reKommunist. Anofambisa basa rinoitirwa vanhu vose, rinotaura mumashambare ehurumende.

Kutarisira mune zvematongerwo enyika

Muchikamu chechipiri chemazana makumi masere, kuchinja kukuru kwakaitika muhupenyu hwehupfumi uye hwematongerwe enyika hweSoviet Union. Pamberi pezvematongerwe enyika vanhu vatsva, pakati pavo vaiva Yuri Afanasyev. Nhoroondo yake yehupenyu inotenderera pamwe nenyika yose. Zvechokwadi, iyi yakanga isiri ngozi. Nekuchinja kwehupenyu munhoroondo yenyika, Yuri Afanasyev akauya semunhu wehurumende ane simba, uyo maonero ake akagamuchirwa kuti ateerere. Uyu mukurumbira waive nekuda kwezvinyorwa zvake pamusana penyaya dzezvemagariro evanhu uye nhoroondo. Zvinyorwa Afanasyev mu "Nyika Itsva" uye "Ogonek" vaifarira uye vaigara vachikonzera kukurukurirana kunotyisa pakati penharaunda yekufunga yeSoviet society.

Kunze kwevose vanobvumirana nemunyori wenhau dzakaitika, asi pfungwa dzake pamusoro pekudikanwa kwekuchinja kukuru mumamiriro ose ehupenyu hwehupfumi nehupfumi hweSoviet society yakawira muvhu rakagadzirwa uye yakamera. Muna 1989, Yuri Afanasyev akasarudzwa nevanhu VaSeti veSUSS. Pakuzivikanwa kwekutanga musangano, anotora chikamu muIntergional Deputies Group.

"Mutungamiri weperestroika"

Mukupera kwemashure makumi masere, Yuri Afanasyev, uyo mufananidzo wake unowanzoonekwa pamapapuriro epamberi ema periodicals, unova mumwe wevaya vanofunga nezvehuwandu hwekuchinja kunoitika munyika. Mumwe munhu wevatapi venhau akafungidzira kwavari tsanangudzo isinganzwisisiki - "superintendents of perestroika". Asi Yuri Afanasyev pachake pachake akasarudza kurega kubva pachigamba chakadaro. Nokudaro, akadzokorora kakawanda kuti aigara achitsoropodza zvose Mikhail Gorbachev uye kutungamirirwa mune zvematongerwo enyika eSoviet Union.

Asi zvakadaro, akanga ari Yuri Afanasyev uyo akava munyori wehurukuro yakakurumbira ye "vazhinji vanoteerera", iyo yaakatsanangura sechikamu chekuchengetedza kwevamiriri vekutanga musangano. Izwi iri rakanaka rave rakanyatsobatanidzwa mubhuku rezvematongerwe enyika remazuva ano.

Makore apfuura

Mumakore maviri emakore, Yuri Afanasyev akatama kubva mune zvematongerwe enyika. Kumigumisiro yezvakaitika munyika yekushandurwa kwakabatwa pasina kushingaira. Akagara achitaura mune zvenhau nekutsoropodza kwemaitiro ehutungamiri hwezvematongerwo enyika enyika uye akaratidza kutsigira kwevatungamiri vekusateerera kwekusagadzikana. Asi mazwi ake haana kukonzera kuchema kwevanhu vakawanda . Simba uye simba rezvematongerwo enyika zviri munguva yakapfuura.

Kunyange zvakadaro, hatigoni kutaura kuti vakakanganwa nezvazvo. Izvi zvinoratidzwa nenhamba yevanhu vakauya musi waSeptember 17, 2015 nokuda kwebasa rekuviga vanhu kuSakharov Centre. Yuri Afanasyev akavigwa pamakuva eOstashkovsky muguta reMytischi munzvimbo yeMoscow.