Mugore chii chaiva abolition kuti serfdom muRussia

1861 - gore rino apo abolition kuti serfdom muRussia. Musi uyu ndiwo mugumisiro misangano yakawanda nevakuru vakuru vehurumende, varidzi, vanokudzwa, aiva zvakananga toreva zvarinoroora vanhu uye anowana kwayo mari kubva pakushandisa muranda wavo hweHIV. The prerequisites nokuti abolition kuti serfdom vakatanga zvinoverengeka ndakasika munhu ezvinhu Chipangamazano chaVa enyika uye zvoupfumi kukura Russia.

Wotevera ari abolition kuti serfdom

Chikonzero chikuru anogona kunzi kukundwa yeRussian Empire muna Crimean War. Mugumisiro awo chose akafumura backwardness yeRussia kubva kunyika dzokuEurope kukura maindasitiri kugadzira, vezvematongerwo enyika uye zvehondo kutungamirira nyika. Kwenguva yakareba zvave kutanga kudiwa kuchinja pachinhu miduku yokuruwa, zvikurukuru, kuchinja basa, kazhinji, akanga ari mukuru mutambi kukura zvokurima zvinhu. Tips uye anokosha makomisheni vakanga akamisa hurumende, iyo yakatanga kuva gwaro akapa rusununguko kuna serfs, kutsanangura kodzero aimbova varidzi uye hurongwa hutsva upenyu miduku yokuruwa uye kuuya gore abolition pakati serfdom.

Kwete chete nokuti rusununguko ane murimi munhuwo vakarova ose ehurumende nepfungwa uye kuvhenekerwa vanhu umambo. Zvinodiwa vakasununguka manpower nokuda vachisimudza indasitiri, kuvakwa maguta itsva, muuto, pakupedzisira. Serfdom akaita zvisingabviri kushandisa basa vanhuwo zvavo. Service tenzi wake, kubudiswa minda yayo uye chikonzero - ndiko kuti mugove serfdom uye zvose nezvizvarwa zvayo kuti zhizha refu. Mugore chii yakaguma serfdom, mugore iroro kwenguva yokutanga murimi vakatarisana nechisarudzo - chii chokuita rusununguko ichi, chakanga hope kwenguva refu kudai? Kugara yaizivikanwa nzvimbo, uye akawana, kana kuenda yakapfuma vawana zvinhu pakutsvaka nani?

Musi abolition pakati serfdom - idzva mararamiro miduku yokuruwa

Gore racho abolition pakati serfdom waiva mugumisiro painstaking uye nzwisisika basa. Emperor Alexander II 19 February 1861 , akasaina Manifesto pamusoro abolition pakati serfdom. Chii zvachinja nokuti avhareji murimi nemhuri yake pashure kuti zuva? In chii gore rakanga abolition kuti serfdom, mugore iroro uye akapiwa kushanda munyika kukura zano iri upfumi vakaripira basa. Murimi aigona kuramba nezvenzvimbo pamutemo roja, muridzi kana chakanaka nyika, kubhadhara nokuti basa kana mari kuti kushandiswa kwayo. Aigona kutenga nyika, zvisinei, anenge hapana varimi tisingakwanisi - mutengo yave isina.

Tengesa unyanzvi vako zvitsva kuna murimi mudiki, nguva dzose zvaiva tenzi wake. Kubhadharisa basa iri, kuti kuchinjanisa, kupinda zvikuru kutanga pamusika upfumi - akachinja upenyu murimi mudiki, akatanga kushandura ake maonero enyika. Chimwe chikuru migumisiro abolition pakati serfdom anogona kunzi pakati miduku yokuruwa chidzoke yevatungamiriri vezvematongerwo enyika kutsanangura kodzero uye mabasa neimwe nhengo itsva - mutengesi uye mutengi. Kare, murimi vaisagona kuva pfungwa, zvino akateerera, aigona neimwe nzira kurwa kwavo duku asi zvose zvakafanana kodzero. 1861 - musi, kupindura mubvunzo, umo mugore abolition pamusoro serfdom - raiva gore kusimbiswa uye mbiri autocracy. Alexander II kubva kuvanhu nokuonga nokusingaperi uye rokuyeuchidza se "muponesi uye akasunungura." The abolition pamusoro serfdom zvakasimbisa chitange maindasitiri-kudzivirira yakaoma umambo, mauto kuchinja, kukura munyika itsva uye yokutama rwekuita vemo, nokusimbaradza mumaguta nemaruwa kukurukurirana uye kupindurawo munhau uye zvinonetsa mumwe.