Mombe nyama erudzi: mazano kurimwa uye zvinhu

Mombe rutoto anodyisa vanhu zvino kuti nemakore musara, nokutipa nyama, mukaka uye matehwe. Chokwadi, mumakore achangopfuura, akasiyana dheri mombe vatambe kukosha basa munyika dzakawanda asi ichiri mombe nyama erudzi vari hwaro zvakanaka munyika dzakawanda (Canada, Brazil, Argentina).

Zvapedzisira ezvinhu imhaka yokuti mumakore achangopfuura kwave kuchiratidzwa kugara kuwedzera mutengo nyama uye zvokudya zvinogadzirwa. Saizvozvowo, ruminant mhuka idzi kuva bhizimisi mari yakawanda. Oddly zvakakwana, asi nyama mombe erudzi mu Russia achiri zvisingawanzoitiki chaizvo, chinova chinhu tsitsi.

Features mombe yakadaro

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kupfuura zviuru siyana dzemarudzi mombe kuripo munyika. Asi rinoreva nyama isina anopfuura zana wavo. matombo ava vane mwero zvikuru okunze uye zviwanikwa ezvinhu, vane nemishonga zvakanaka zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Zvakakodzera sangano muitiro maberekero nyama mombe kwemarudzi zvikuru zvakanaka sezvo zvinoda shoma Kupinda kwevanhu mune izvi. Chokwadi kuti mhou izvi havana milked. Mhuru muri pamwe navanaamai vavo kwemwedzi kusvika masere, uye chero kunyatsotarisirwa ivo zvinoda.

The kugadzirwa chatingatevedzera nyama mombe

Kana tikaenzanisa navo dheri dzinoita, vane zvikuru anoyevedza zvibereko unhu: mhou 100 kubva sezvakarayirwa 95 mhuru, nzombe mhuru anowedzerwa chete zuva rimwe 1050-1200 magiramu yakaisvonaka nyama. Uye ichi pasinei nokuti paminiti kilogram pamusoro kufuta inopedzwa inosimbisa dzakabatana 6,5-7 chete.

Kukosha kusarudza nzvimbo

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mukuru migumisiro mombe nyama erudzi ratidza chete kana iwe zvakanaka wasarudza optimum dzinongoitika okunze wongoramba. Kana erudzi haisi kujairana wako okunze vematunhu, mhuka akaderedza zvikuru kudzivisa chirwere, pane matambudziko dzokubereka basa, uye rinoratidza refu vanochengeta zviyereso.

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, soro inobvira negoho majini hwaro Mhuka chete kana huri chete ezvinhu sezvo mamiriro ezvinhu umo kubviswa rudzi kwakaitika. Somuenzaniso, kana iwe kuuyisa nzombe Aberdeen-Angus erudzi kubva chete Brazil, uye vanosarudza kubuda pairi mwana nechepakati Russia, hazvingaiti kuti hamungandiurayi chinhu chinobatsira.

Pane matombo zvakanaka nokuda nyama mombe ruminant muRussia?

Kunyanya akanakira nyama dzemarudzi mombe dziri munzvimbo dzakawanda North Caucasian. Uye, oddly zvakakwana, dzimwe nzvimbo Western uye Eastern kuSiberia. Chii rudzi mombe kupa optimum goho nyama? Tinonyanya vakawana Kalmyk, Kazakh Whitehead, uyewo Hereford rudzi.

Zvichida pfungwa iri ekupedzisira-siyana. Chete gore nehafu Hereford ratosvika kunonyanyisa uremu pazuva uye gobies akawedzera 1500 magiramu. Paavhareji, paminiti kilogram repfupa kubva kanenge 5.5 makirogiramu dzenyama. Mhuka erudzi urwu kushandiswa zvikuru rine unyanzvi mhando dzose inosimbisa zvinoshandiswa kurimwa yavo. Saka, kubvira pakuzvarwa kusvika kuuraya chete kilogram pamusoro kufuta inopedzwa asingapfuuri 11.3 zvokudya dzakabatana. Uku kurondedzera kumeso kwazvo mombe nyama dzinoita (zvinenge zvose, kwete Hereford).

Zvinokosha kutaura Aberdeen-Angus erudzi, zvatakakutadzirai kare ataurwa pamusoro. Oddly, asi mhuka aya yakanyatsokodzera kuti Russian, asi iwe chete vanofanira kuwana avo wevamiriri vayo vakanga vatova acclimatized munyika yedu. Kwemazuva 21 chete kunogona kuwanikwa mhuru yairema 200 makirogiramu, avhareji kukura mwero iri zvinenge 800 magiramu.

Pfungwa, ndandanda nyama mombe dzinoita zvinogona mberi. Vataura yedu yakazara haazorambi zita, asi isu akaupa chete mhando zvipfuwo kuti zvechokwadi zvinogoneka dzinoberekera okunze edu.

kurimwa michina

Kana uchida kukura mombe nyama erudzi, ipapo unofanira kurangarira huru mbiri inogadzirwa nzendo:

• Zvakakosha kuronga zvakakodzera kubereka zvemombe uye zviri akagamuchira mhuru navanaamai vavo kwemwedzi dzinenge mitanhatu kusvika masere.

• Intensive tevera fattening mhuru, kusanganisira sverhremontnogo.

hafu hondo

Sezvo unogona fembera, unogona kugamuchira mari kubva ruminant nyama yemhuka, isina upfumi simba pamwe zvokudya. Ngationei kupa muenzaniso nyore. Ngationei kufunga kuti mumwe hectare nyika yako, unogona kuwana kanenge 20-30 quintals pamusoro oats (oats kilogram anoenderana imwe inosimbisa chikwata). Muchiitiko chino, unogona kuvimba zviri Unorudzi mhuka 110-120. Kana wawana hectare 40-45 quintals okuwana, zvinokwanisika kuti dzine pamusoro mhou ane zana.

Uye - kwete zvimwe zvose ruminant mombe nyama dzinoita. Ngatimbotaura pamusoro dzimwe nuances.

Hwaro pairi kusika munhu nyama purazi?

Pane nzira dzakawanda. Chokutanga, unogona kutenga mhuka purebred kana purebred duku. Nhasi kune mabikirwo mudumbu transplantation nyama nemhuka dzemarudzi vo, zvichiguma munharaunda kujairana siyana nyama mombe. Pakupedzisira, unogona kutenga dzisingaoneki nyama dzinoita uye inseminate wake zvikuru dzakabudirira mhou dema-motley siyana (local mombe).

Tapota cherechedza kuti zvose nyama dzemarudzi mombe - mhuka huru. Nhongai mombe kuti kuyambuka zvokuti mhou akanga asina kukuvara pakusununguka.

Sangano wokuberekana nemombe

Musimboti chacho - kuunganidza gore negore kubva neimwe mhou, iyo yaisvika vasiri zera, nemhuru utano. Izvi zvinokosha zvikuru, sezvo nemhuru ndivo chete rine nyama mombe kugadzirwa sezvo indasitiri. Kazhinji ruminant nyama dzinoita kunotsamira zvinoverengeka pamusoro. Ivo:

• State of zvokudya, nhamba duku kugutsikana mhuri yako.

• Riini insemination ose mhuru. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti munzvimbo ino vanofanira kungwarira sezvinobvira: mhuka duku kufukidza inenge 15-16 mwedzi, uye guru - muna 17-18. Vanhuwo boka havana vanobviswa haana yapfuura pane 24-25 uye 26-27 mwedzi. Kuchengeta nguva izvi zvinofanira siyana, kufungisisa mamiriro zvinonyatsorehwa mumuviri mhuka.

• The nzira insemination. Tichishandisa ichangopfuura zvakanzi vaidavira kuti zvebhizimisi nemombe bvumidzwa mutsetse keji nzombe (kunyanya kana aiita maberekero nyama mombe dzinoita). Zvino nzira iyi anenge kusiyiwa. Chekutanga, kushandiswa kwayo yekudyidzana kunowedzera ngozi yokubatwa neleukemia nemombe. Chechipiri, zvakaoma chaizvo kudzora chikamu mhuka inseminated uye kuronga hotera.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti chero zvazvingava zvakakodzera kuedza kuti chando-chitubu muhotera. Chokwadi ndechokuti iyi iri mhou iri rinokosha nguva pamuviri vanopiwa itsva girini zvokudya uye nemhuru, pashure mukaka kudyisa, pakarepo chinja kuti dzakazara mitema zvokudya. izvi zvose zvinoita kuti vawane mhuka dzakawanda utano uye zvibereko uye maberekero kuti nyama dzinoita kwava zvechokwadi zvinobatsira.

Check kubudirira insemination

In mabhuku akasiyana-siyana vanogona kazhinji kuwana okuti mhuru vanofanira hazvo kuti zvakaongororwa pamuviri, mwedzi miviri pashure insemination kana dzinongozviitikira kuberekesana. Ndinoda kuona kuti mwedzi miviri - zvishoma nguva.

Pfungwa, ane ruzivo murapi wemhuka kana zvipfuwo kunogona dzakakwirira mukana kuti asarudze pamuviri, asi pano pane zvakanaka mukana mangwanani pamuviri: fetus kunonyanya akatunhidzwa iyi, saka kuti kuchangotanga hanya ne rectal kuongororwa kungaita kuti chokwadi chokuti mhou aiva kupfupfudzika in early pregnancy . Saka nyanzvi angarayira kuita tsvakurudzo pamusoro pamberi pamuviri muna mitatu.

Number yemhuka brakuemyh

Ona kuti pfungwa iyi Zvinokoshawo kwazvo zvakakodzera kurongwa kubereka kwacho. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti 100 musoro mhuka mukuru unofanira kutarisirwa mhuru dzinenge 20 pagore. Saka, munguva imwe chete, unofanira kusiya mapoka chete nhamba mhou mukuru, achivatuma mimwe fattening risati kuzourayiwa.

Pfungwa, zvinoita kunoratidzwa nezvipfuwo zvose (mombe) .Myasnye erudzi mombe zvinofanira kucheneswa kubva mhuka murombo nokungwarira.

yambiro mbereko

Heinoi pachena kamwe zvakare duality wokushandiswa rwokuzvarwa kuberekesana. Kudivi rimwe, dzose pamberi nzombe nemombe iri rinenge chose kubvisa mukana kuti tsiru iri pakuvhima ezvinhu hazvizozivikanwi inseminated. Ukuwo, panyaya yokubvisa pamuviri pakutanga zvokukura vakasununguka kugutsikana uye insemination kungaita kuti makuru zvemari nezvinhu nokuda vakarasika purofiti.

Kazhinji, chero nyaya tinoratidza kushandisa chakagadzirwa turf. Asi kunyange pano, regai faranuka. Heano huru mabasa kuti ichabatsira kubvisa mombe:

• All batch mangé itsva dzisingaoneki ndakaongorora musingadariki. Kana paine kutyorwa, bato mbeu kunofanira kudziviswa pfungwa.

• Tanga chinyorwa kuongorora nyaya kupisa kuonekwa, wakaparadzaniswa kutema nokuda insemination.

• Kuramba kuitisa kutarisana vaongo- remombe. Kana mhuka pamwe maronda ari chokunze nhengo dzokubereka nadzo, zvakakosha nokukurumidza nyaya yacho wemhuka nyanzvi.

• Kana uchifarira wakakwana yokupedza nayo mbereko sezvo kutanga, zvose pachena mombe (pashure pemwedzi mitatu pamuviri haina kuzivikanwa) vanofanira kurasa, zvisinei kwavo maberekero ukoshi.

• Kuti synchronize yokuvhimwa kutenderera uye insemination, Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa hormone dzishande. Hazvina kunyanya anobatsira Muzviitiko apo uchida kufukidza mhuka peregulyali vasiri pakunamata.

Features wokuberekana mune nyama dzinoita

Sezvatakamboreva kare akati, nyama erudzi (mombe) vanoonekwa ne-refu kuvapo mhuru naamai vake. Izvi hwezvekukurukurirana refu mwero ikure mhuka. Asi hwakazarawo nevamwe matambudziko.

Chokwadi ndechokuti nokuda kwechigarire zvokuimba kweiyi dzakapa vana vadzo mazamu hormone hurongwa mhou akawanda vakavakazve, zvichiguma yakawedzera kuitika kunovhima "kunyarara" izvo zvakafanana ziso nzira hazvigoni dzakaonekwa. Muchiitiko chino, unofanira kushandisa inonyatsoongororwa unyanzvi. Uyezve, vanofanira omerera magazini vanozivikanwa yakadaro.

Uyezve, nyama dzemarudzi mombe mamwe mikuru zvinhu. Somuenzaniso, vane raidudzwa chaizvo seasonality kurara zvinogara. Pfungwa, hapana dambudziko pamwe kuti: yamunenge kutarisa ichocho yechando uye chitubu hotera, izvo zvatataura pamusoro.

How kuzoponesa kunonyanyisa nhamba zvemhuru?

Sezvatakamboreva kare akati, nemhuru - chete kugadzirwa nyama mombe, uye saka dzavo Kuchengetedzwa zvinokosha kubhadhara vainyatsotarisirwa. Tinokurudzira kuverenga zvinotevera:

• Zvakakodzera kuti urongwa aigara achiitira wemhuka uye Zoo-michina matanho. Izvi zvinosanganisira kubaya, chiremba kuongorora mhuka, kudzora dyisa yepamusoro uye zvechigarire Kuda kutamba yemichindwe vavo zvinobudirira insemination.

• Farm, iyo inopa mombe, anofanira hazvo kuva pasi disinfection uye disinfestation.

• Zvakakosha kuziva kuti ari upfumi arege kuwana, kwete chete kunze, asi mhuka uye feral mhuka, izvo zvakasikwa reservoirs nezvirwere uye parasitic zvirwere.

Hezvino kuronga kurima mombe nyama dzinoita.

Sangano unzenza dzimba

Mumakore achangopfuura, nzira iyi yakatanga kamwe zvakare kutora hukuru nzvimbo munyika dzose pane zvakawanda kana zvishoma kukura zvipfuwo. Zvakanakira ayo pachena. Mhuka kupesvedzera kunetseka, vane nguva yakawanda parwendo. Uyewo, Yokudzidza nzira kuti zvokudya uye mupfudze, izvo zvinoita isingadhuri kugadzirwa nokuderedza uwandu mudonzvo uye maawa okutanga.

Pane nzira mbiri dzakasiyana mamiriro: a zvizere akazaruka nzvimbo uye wakapamhama dzimba. Kazhinji nzira idzi ikashandiswa, izvo zvinoita kuti vawane optimum zvabuda. Zvakadini mhuru? Pashure pezvose, kana muvadzivirire muimba imwe chete nemhuka mukuru, vachava zvakaoma zvokudya!?

Munobuda sezvinotevera. Paddock mukamuri zvaitwa kuitira kuti pemhuru anogona kufamba takasununguka pakati mechidziro mbariro. Pakati achava papuratifomu apo mhuru yatichawana zvokudya vashandi. Nechomumugwagwa mukomberedzo pamusoro pedanga zvaizova zvakakodzera kuronga "bako" nokuti mombe, izvo bude zvakakwana yakaoma uswa. Pano mhuka kuti zororo.

Kumaodzanyemba nyika yedu vanowanzobatwa inogutswa aine zvakakwana rakazaruka necheseri nharaunda. Nzvimbo iri pakati chinhu indoor paddock umo akarara kanenge hafu mita akaoma uswa. Kunyange mamiriro ezvinhu enyika wokumaodzanyemba muchando (ndiro akanaka inotonhorera), mhuka uchange kudziya. Chokwadi ndechokuti weti yavo uye mutsvina yadzo, izvo nokukurumidza inova wetted uswa, kukurudzira nokukanganisika siyana umo inomira akabudisa panzvimbo chinokosha yakawanda kupisa.

Chokwadi, kuti mhuka vanoda kuti hotera mberi nguva kudzinga ari oga, akachinja mukamuri ichi. Izvi zvichaita kuti rufu mhuka kubva dyspepsia, uye mhou zvichaita kuderedza mukana kuti panowanikwa mastitis.

Mumazana chando mwaka nemarara Wakawedzerwa zvishoma nezvishoma, asi vaibvisa zvachose paddocks regai kubereka. Muchirimo, kana mhuka iri zvaitambidzwa kumafuro vakasununguka-siyana nzira tigutsikane nyore kudzinga bhurudhoza uye according zvose pamusaka mupfudze.

On the vakasununguka kuberekesana

Uye mumwe. Kana ukasarudza kushandisa kuti insemination nzombe, unofanira kungwarira optimum mutoro pamusoro payo. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti rimwe mugadziri arege zvinopfuura 35-40 mhou. Pfungwa, mutoro inogona hwakawedzera, asi nzombe inofanira kuva zvakanaka kwomuviri chimiro. Uyezve, zviri chinodiwa kuronga ayo dzichifura mapuroteni Feeds (kusanganisira vaya mhuka mavambo).

Hezvi zvaunofanira vanofanira kuteerera, kana muri ruchikonzera mombe nyama erudzi.