Mitumbi - chii ichi? Ndezvipi nhengo uye sei zvakasiyana?

Chii zviremera? mubvunzo uyu anogona kutevera mhinduro dzakasiyana. Tsvaga chii tsanangudzo shoko, mune zvipi rinoshandiswa.

Zviremera - nayo ... Definition

Zvakawanda izwi uye rinoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakawanda. Kubva pfungwa nemaonero zviremera zvakarurama - masangano, masangano kuita mamwe mabasa uye mabasa muupenyu paruzhinji. Most kazhinji izwi rinowanikwa zvipenyu, zvichiratidza chikamu mupenyu muviri - mhuka, chirimwa, chakuvhe kana munhu kuti aite chaizvo mabasa.

Kana ukatarira, vose tsanangudzo, kunyange zvinobva dzakawanda dzakasiyana vanorarama, zvakafanana zvinhu. Ndivo pedyo kukosha wechitatu, apo mitumbi - ndiwo pfuti, maturusi nematurusi. Zvino zvipenyu uye dzepamutemo zvoMutemo Authority ndiye chikamu hurongwa, kubatana kuti ine yayo uye mabasa mabasa. Kureva, ndiko nzira kubudirira zvabuda ayo.

Mumuviri womunhu nhengo kwava chinhu zvisina upenyu kuti anotsigira zvokurarama nazvo edu. Pachena maitiro anomiririra sangano rine vanhu vanoverengeka anobatanidzwa muupenyu vanhu. Shoko inogona kutsiviwa muviri? zvichida fanano "mudziyo" ndiyo yakanakisisa akakodzera.

anotonga

The mamiriro, iyo Rinotarisira chero nzvimbo, anonzi utariri muviri. Inogona kureva mamiriro, nzanga, mabhizimusi. Kazhinji, nhengo dziri rakakamurwa zviduku nezvikuru. Mune zvokutengeserana huru administrative muviri angava Somuenzaniso, weboard of directors, kana chiri kambani vadyi unganidza.

Hurumende mamiriro vanomirirwa siyana masangano uye masangano kuti zvimwe (Ministry of Affairs Internal, Mutungamiri Russian Federation, uye vamwe.) Kana generalized dzakadai Federal Service uye zvichingodaro. D. Vose rakakamurwa rokumusoro, yakaderera, yemunyika, mamiriro, batana uye nechepakati, akasiyana ari papi nawo.

State midziyo munyika dzakasiyana-siyana yakasiyana maumbirwo yavo. It kunobva chehurumende (umambo, zvokuvhoterwa uye zvichingodaro. D.), The hurumende (gutsaruzhinji, udzvinyiriri, uye zvichingodaro. D.), The enyika-miganhu weboka nyika (kuzvionera, Unitarianism, uye zvichingodaro. D.). A zvakafanana chinoratidza zvose zviri pamberi chidhiraivho uye vatevedzere.

Panyaya iyi, mitumbi mukuru - imwe Executive (mutungamiri, mambo), matare (Supreme, pakati, matare yakaderera), Paramende (paramende, asi Duma, shura) simba. Munyika pevatongi gutsaruzhinji, vari akakamurwa pamusoro kumatare, hofisi muchuchisi wacho, zviremera uye vehurumende.

General muviri hurongwa

Kingdom Animal inosanganisira guru-siyana kwemarudzi ezvinhu, kusanganisira vanhu. miviri yavo yakasiyana zvichienderana boka uko ndevenyu, asi pane zvakafanana. Major nenhengo dzawo kuti varipo vari mhuka umambo:

• Zvetsandanyama nemapfupa.
• Mumatumbu.
• Excretory.
• Flooring.
• Huta.
• Kufema.
• Bemhapemha.
• Immune.

Kunzwisisa maumbirwo muviri kunowedzera apasi kusvika pemasimba venyama. Somuenzaniso, chinyakare wayo mamiriro flatworms havana maoko, makumbo, tsoka, kufema, vascular, kusiyana mhuka.

Pasinei neizvi, kunyange chinyakare zvinenge kazhinji excretory, zvomudumbu, tsandanyama, dzokubereka nadzo, vanoda kuti zvinhu mabasa: kudyisa, kufamba, uye kubereka.

With mberi mune vakuru vakuru kuwanda hurongwa vavo zvomukati, mabasa kunowedzera. Saka, Somuenzaniso, zvetsandanyama nemapfupa Makonye anomiririrwa akawanda tsandanyama, mune mhuka kana zvava kunzwisisa gadziriro yacho marangwanda, tsandanyama nemarunda. In shiri, zvinonzi kuzadzikiswa namapapiro ayo, hove - zvimbi.

Common kwemhuka vakawanda pfungwa, izvo akapa zvigadziriswe kuona, kunhuwidza, kunzwa, kuravira, pachiyero. Vanobatsira kufamba muchadenga, rinonyevera nengozi, kutaura, kuona chikafu nezvimwe zvinhu.

Kunyanya mhuka nhengo

Mararamiro uye dzinogarisana zvipenyu kunooneka kwokunze uye zvemukati marongerwo. Vamwe vakaumba dzakananga zvomukati, izvo kusiyanisa kubva mamwe mapoka mhuka.

In dzegirini duku pamusoro nyoka ndiyo receptors kuti vane basa Kupisa vasabatwa. Pamusana kwavari, nezvinokambaira kuwana nyore kudziya-ropa rechiJudha chairo chayabata, kunyange murima zvachose. Zvinokambaira mararamiro uye unyanzvi hwavo kunzwa vibration iri wakawondereiko kudai mazuva ose zvikuru kupfuura dzimwe mhuka.

Special miviri kunogona kunzi sezvo prostate, izvo chamupidigori mumwe web. Akadaro chokushandisa chete madandaude uye centipedes mhambarize. Tichibatsirwa web chivakwa mhuka burrow, kubata zvokudya, tenzi cocoons kuti mazai.

Hove vane zvinoverengeka chaiwo nhengo. Kufema vazhinji vavo vanoshandisa gills dzavo, zvimbi kuti nokushambira. In hove mhou vane dzinoshambira dundira, izvo zvinoita riri inodiwa udzamu, pasina kunyura kusvika pasi uye kwete dzichiuya.

miviri yevanhu

Murume ari vakuru hwemhuka iri semhosva mhuka uye sezvakarayirwa primates. Systems mitumbi ayo zvakafanana mune vertebrates zvose. Uye kushanda uye mamiriro muviri munzira dzakawanda dzakafanana mhuka. Homo sapiens - - The dzepedyo vanhu ano mhando vari African chimupanze uye magorira. Havana ndiye asingasviki 10% kwemajini.

Vachiri sangano marongerwo uye munhu rakasiyana tsoko. Somuenzaniso, mumwe wedu mukuru nhengo - the nomuzongoza, ane curved Maumbirwe tsamba S, ane Kutsauka ari pamutsipa uye shure. Pelvic pfupa zvakawanda akawedzera kupfuura "hama yepedyo" dzedu, uye maoko nemakumbo kumwezve.

Napagumwe roruoko kurudyi munhu kumushora chose kune mumwe, asi netsoka dzake chiratidzo ichi akanyangarika. In tsoko, zviri chipo kusvikira ikozvino. Somugumisiro bipedal pakufamba mumuviri wedu akasiyana nzvimbo dzimwe tsandanyama nemarunda. Uropi kupfuura kukura muviri chete mune chimupanze. Asi bvudzi (ichi zvakare miviri) vane zvishoma.

mhedziso

Mitumbi chikamu coherent maumbirwo kana hurongwa. Mumwe nomumwe wavo anoita chaizvo mabasa uye mabasa. Izwi iri rinoshandiswa nenzira dzakawanda tsika. Kunzi rinodzora commercial, paruzhinji kana mamiriro ezvinhu, uye chikamu muviri mupenyu.