Mipata kukurukurirana: tsanangudzo, mifananidzo, unhu. Dzokuwana yokutengesa yokukurukurirana. Personal kutaurirana channel

Hapana chakavanzika kuti kukurukura - zvakakosha zvikuru, kunyange chinhu chinokosha kutosvika paruzhinji ukama. Pfungwa iyi kunonyanya zvinoreva kupanana ruzivo pakati akasiyana siyana vatambi.

Kunyange panguva kutanga evanhu nekuita kutaurirana zvinoita basa rinokosha. Rakanga wokutanga kutaurirana makwara. Pari, basa mashoko richikura. Panyaya iyi, zvikuru nokuti vanhu uye vane mhando dzose zviripo kutaurirana makwara.

Vazhinji inozivikanwa Mutsara yakakurumbira munyori Antuana De Saint Exupery. Panguva iyoyo, akati kuti chinokosha zvikuru munyika ndiyo rwokuramba kukurukurirana kwevanhu. Mashoko aya haana kurasa kushanda kwayo nhasi. Kwepamusoro pakati vanhu, hapana mubvunzo, mumwe mukuru zvinhu kubudirira munyaya zhinji munzanga. Zvinobatsira kuva neshamwari yakavimbika uye aivimbwa, basa, uye vawane kuzi- uye kubudirira. Pasina zvinobudirira chivakwa ukama hwakadaro kuburikidza kukurukura migero zvose zvisisakwanisiki.

The tsananguro

Ndezvipi kukurukurirana migero? Definition of pfungwa iyi inokosha kuti muitiro mashoko chinja. Saka kukurukurirana chiteshi - zviri mumwe kana vamwe nzira paunogona kutumira shoko kubva chinogona kuenda. Wokutanga anotumira ichi kana kuti ruzivo, uye wechipiri anowana izvozvo. Panyaya iyi chipfuro zvingava anopfuura chete. Saka, panguva mharidzo yacho zvebudiriro transmits mashoko yose vateereri. Uyezve, shoko rirege kungoitirwa murugwaro kana inzwi. Kazhinji rinosanganisira matauriro, nhengo dzomuviri, uye zvichingodaro. D.

Development kukurukura munzanga yevanhu

Communication channel ndezvechokwadi kana zvekufungidzira kubatana mitsetse pamwe iyo mashoko anofamba. Panyaya iyi kunobva uye rinotengeswa nevaridzi zvinoda dzimwe nzira vachifunga. Ndivo Codes namarimi, uyewo zvemafoni michina.

Tools uye hova kutaurirana vane kuchinja pamwe kukura munzanga yevanhu. Pamwe chete nevanhu zvavakaenda kubva chinyakare muvanhu kuti post-maindasitiri budiriro. Izvi Kuchinja kwete chete uwandu, asiwo pakanga mhando itsva yokukurukurirana makwara. Natural nzira achitumira mashoko zvishoma nezvishoma vaisanganisa nevanhu chakagadzirwa, akasikwa kuti chinangwa ichi nevanhu pachavo.

Non-kutukana uye kutukana migero

Mhando idzi date kutapurirwa vari dzinongoitika. Non-kutukana uye kutukana kutaurirana migero vachishandisa maturusi vanongoberekwa tinoberekwa murume. Nokuda kwaizvozvo, uye zvinova zvinoita kuti uchatamisa kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro shoko.

Nezvaunomuitira (nezvaunomuitira) uye kutukana (shoko) - hova mumagariro yokukurukurirana. Uye wokutanga wavo unonyanya kare.

It dzakatangira nedanho zvipenyu shanduka, asati nechitarisiko murume, kana mhuka yakakwirira vakaratidza mafungiro avo akasiyana Zviitiko siyana manzwiro.

Kana kushandisa kutukana wezvokukurukurirana mugero ndiye pakuva rwevanhu. Nokuti chidzoke acho aifanira kuva kwegadziriro nekunyatsotsanangura, paumbwe muuropi munhu anokosha mapazi, uye zvichingodaro. D. Kuti pasina zvipenyu zvose preconditions izvi havakwanisi kutaura vamiririri mhuka nyika.

The chidzoke nemigero chakagadzirwa

With kukura evanhu kuumbwa kudikanwa kupararira kwemashoko pasina zvakananga kuonana pakati maviri kana kupfuura masangano. Ndokusaka paiva migero chakagadzirwa pakukurukurirana. Pakutanga wavo waiva vhidhiyo. Raisanganisira kwezvishongo uye mazango, nyora uye vatambi kuti kurondedzerwa pfungwa ( "muti", "chikara", "mukadzi", uye zvichingodaro. D.). kupenda chinyakare kwakadaro kwaiva danho kunyora kutanga. With rwayo, nzira itsva pakukurukurirana mugero vhidhiyo. The Manyoro vakanga vaisanganisa nemabhuku akadhindwa uye nhau pamusoro nguva.

Pamwe kukura vhidhiyo nzira yokukurukurirana akaramba kuvandudza kungonyaradza kutaurirana. Rine panguva yayo achigona neteregirafu, runhare, redhiyo uye terevhizheni.

To musi, vanhu ane hombe kusarudzwa pakukurukurirana makwara. Social vezvenhau kutapukirwa kukasawedzerwa pamwe zvigadzirwa zvitsva, uye, kupfuura zvose, makombiyuta.

Mhando mumagariro kutaurirana

Evanhu vemazuva ano, mashoko kuchinjirwa rinoitwa pachishandiswa vakashandisa hova uye zvinoreva zvinhu zvokushandisa. Panyaya iyi, zvinotevera mhando mumagariro kutaurirana:

1. Oral. kutaurirana ichi anoshandisa zvose zvakasikwa vasiri kutukana uye kutukana migero, uyewo mari.
2. Documentary. Kukurukura Izvi zvinoshandawo dzokuwana mashoko, izvo zvave artificially akasikwa murume. Izvi zvinosanganisira kudhindwa, kunyora uye uri, kunopa pfungwa nzvimbo uye nguva.
3. E. Kwakavakirwa that no wired uye kukurukurirana pasina tambo, midziyo kombiyuta, rinobva uye Manyiminya yakarekodwa nzira.

All mhando nhatu evanhu nzira yokukurukurirana zviripo kubatana pamwe mumwe.

nomumukanwa kutaurirana

Atova musoro nzira iyi ndiyo kugutsikana yaro chaiyo. Oral kukurukurirana, kuti "kuburikidza muromo" hakungoitwi kungonyaradza mukukurukurirana. Uyewo, zviri kuitwa pfungwa.
Ndokusaka maumbirwo nomuromo kutaurirana zvinosanganisira dzakasiyana-siyana uye nzira, izvo zvinhu zvayo. Chakajeka wavo - nokutaura. It anogona kuparadzira mashoko mukuru kunzwisisa. Mutauro vanhu anobvumira kushandiswa zvakawanda mashoko uye zvirevo inobudirira. Nokufamba zvakadaro shoko yedzimudzangara inowanzokanganisa mugumisiro "compressed chitubu dzinza", kureva kuchinjwa rimwe pfungwa kana izwi iri kuti interlocutor kunzwisisa guru date vhoriyamu.

Chinhu chinokosha pamusoro pedu Kukurukurirana maitiro wacho. Zvinogona kuva noushamwari kana utsinye pusa kana kushingaira, uye kwokunyepedzera t. D.

Kuwedzera nomuromo pakukurukurirana chinokosha mu kutukana yokukurukurirana anotaura nevateereri. Paakatuma mashoko nyore kuti wakakurira mukuru basa kupfuura interlocutor. Visual ruzivo, izvo zvinosanganisira nemasaini, postures uye chiso chako, tinofanira kuzozivisa mupfungwa uye kutsinga dzinouya zvinoriumba vari kutaura nokukurukurirana. An chinhu chinokosha hazvisi pfungwa chitarisiko. Saka, pane tsumo inoti munhu asangane hembe. Izvi hazvishamisi. Zvechokwadi, pamazuva akare, Clothing dzinongoita aitaura munzanga shamwari nenhumbi. Nhasi chinobatanidza nezvaunomuitira mufananidzo zvinosanganisira kwete chete vakapiswa mbatya, asi vo wachi, motokari, foni uye zvichingodaro.

In nedanho nomuromo kutaurirana rakanyorwa sezvo evanhu zvakatipoteredza uye vaiongorora zvakaita interlocutor. Pano rinoreva nzvimbo zvinhu uye t. D.

Saka, dzaiita zvokutaurwa kukurukurirana - ndiko kunzwisisa kusakarongeka pakati vatambi vari kwacho zvinosanganisira zvose pfungwa, uyewo nzwisisa uye musoro zviwanikwa. Uyezve, chokwadi kwadzinoita kupararira mashoko, pasina pazviri zvisisakwanisiki zvose dzimwe mhando.

Documentary kutaurirana

Ndiyo imwe nzira nzira kuparadzira mashoko. Its chikuru turusi ndiro gwaro, rinosanganisira chaiye yakatsiga chinhu kusikirwa kushandiswa munzanga yokukurukurirana. Its hunomusiyanisa nevamwe zvinhu vari:

1. Kuvapo zvinoreva. Chete muchiitiko ichi zvinoita kutaura nyaya. A shoko pasina zvinoreva anonzi kuti ruzha.
2. Kuvapo mudanga muviri iyo inoshandiswa nechokwadi-refu pakuchengetedza chinyorwa. Chii "Zvakanyorwa forogo pamusoro pemvura" harirevi muchikwata ichi.
3. Chinangwa okushandisa pakukurukurirana makwara. Izvi zvingava zvinhu zvisina pakutanga magwaro. Mamiriro zvenhau netsika, ethnographic uye matongo zvinoratidza rakapiwa Papera chokuita pamberi zvinoreva kuti zvinogona kududzirwa uye "verenga" sezvinoita wenyaya.
4. Pakupedza gwaro mashoko. Zvisinei, zvinodiwa iri hama panyaya konekwa mabhuku mabasa, yokunyora nokudhirowa, vanodhirowa, drafts, uye zvichingodaro. E., Ndoupi pane imwe nguva akanga akanyorwa nenyanzvi kukuru, vananyanduri uye vaimbi.

To musi, pane achitaipa magwaro.

Uyezve, rakagadzirirwa nemhaka yavo dzokufananidzira chimiro. Saka, vose zvinyorwa akakamurwa:

1. Verengeka. Izvi zvinosanganisira mabasa rakanyorwa dzinongoitika kana kubata mutauro.
2. Iconic. In kubva waisanganisira zvinyorwa munotakura mifananidzo (vanodhirowa, mifananidzo, mifananidzo uye mafirimu, masiraidhi, uye zvichingodaro. D.) mhando iyi.
3. Ideographic. Izvi zvinyorwa kuti kushandisa zviratidzo (mepu uye mifananidzo, zviratidzo, uye matunhu mufananidzo uye saizvozvo. D.).
4. Character. It zvine chokuita zvechokwadi zvinhu, achiita vhidhiyo zvinhu (nhoroondo ipfungwa, miziyamu Exhibits, mapurani sezvivako).
5. Auditory. phonetic ichi inorira magwaro, uyewo nekuve inzwi dzakarekodwa.
6. Machine-verengeka. Izvi zvinosanganisira disks uye rinobva matepi, punchi makadhi, uye zvichingodaro. D.

All pakubhadhara izvi magwaro - siyana yokukurukurirana makwara.

chinyorwa Written chinhu chinokosha bhizimisi yokukurukurirana. Nemamwe mashoko, magwaro - ndidzo dzinonyanya hova kutaurirana nerimwe aivapo nemasangano.

Genres Written upi kambani, sezvo mutemo, vane pamutemo kugona. Ndokusaka vasina mupfungwa kana mumwe mavambo pachako. Asi panguva imwe gwaro - hova pakukurukurirana masangano kuti kufunga uye zvinhu sezvazviri, zvakajeka uye pfungwa kuneta nokuda compositional arayira, etc. The rugwaro shoko iri anorayirwa kwete chete kushuma kuratidza mamiriro uye saka anofanira .... kutakura zimukadzimu kugamuchirwa vomureza.

Electronic kutaurirana

Remakore rechi20 raiva Nguva zvokugadzira zvinhu chimurenga wechipiri, izvo zvakazoita ikoko telephoto terevhizheni, kombiyuta uye mavhidhiyo chokuita. Munguva imwe chete iyoyo paiva, uye neindaneti kuti danda 90s yazova yose Internet kukurukurirana hurongwa. All ichi - rakatevera Danho iri kukura nzira kuparadzira mashoko. It kunoratidzwa kushandura mashoko kubva nemukanwa uye vhidhiyo nezvimiro mukombiyuta.

Kubvira pakutanga kwayo, mutsva mhando mameseji chinopiwa senzira kukurira chinhambwe pakati nyaya. Uyezve, yemagetsi kukurukurirana gwara zvichiitirwa kushandiswa senzvimbo dzigare mairi kwete chete kunyorwa asiwo mashoko nemumuromo. Waiva padanho iri kukura iyi mudziyo yokukurukurirana. Iye zvakakwanisika nokuda nebudiriro zvesayenzi uye kugadzira zvinhu, chimurenga.

Kana kushandisa dambudziko magetsi yakanga kugadziriswa nokupfuuridzirwa unodiwa ruzivo. Uye kana vasati kufamba redhiyo mafungu kuenda kumhanya chiedza, asi zvino munyika yose kuchinjana mashoko inopiwa anenge pakarepo. Panguva iyoyo zvinoita kuti zvakaitika mutauro nemumuromo uye zvakanyorwa, uyewo mufananidzo. Uyezve, yemagetsi kukurukurirana migero vakasarudza dambudziko mashoko kuchengetwa, vachibvumira kupinda mutsva padanho evanhu kukurukurirana paperless kukura.

On ungwaru padariro kukura, paiva achichinja kubva quantitative kuchinja nenzira rikaudza yepamusoro. Rakanga anokonzerwa chokwadi kuti nzanga anofanira kuchengetedza uye zvinozivisa magwaro vakatanga kusapfuudza nezvaanogona vapiwe parutivi rwokugadzira nzira iripo. Vanhu ava zvakakodzera kuti mano itsva kuti aizokwanisa kuponesa yakawanda Data nekufambisa nayo pamusoro madaro marefu. Zvakasikwa somugumisiro nesayenzi uye michina zviitiko. Nhasi Kukurukura channel kusanganisira kombiyuta uye nyanzvi hurongwa, uye shoko processors. In ichi hazvizivi njere rave chokuita mashoko kuchinjwa rikurumidze. Izvi akabvumira munhu kuvimba kombiyuta purogiramu kushandiswa, kunoda yokudzokorora uye uchizvichenjerera.

Panguva iyi pachake uye boka kutaurirana zvinodiwa vanhu vari akasangana nokushandisa Indaneti. Ichi pose kombiyuta network, izvo zvakasikwa rakapotsa nzvimbo.

Kukurumidza kukura zvigadzirwa yokukurukurirana migero sei zvinenge mabhora ose mabasa evanhu. Izvi zvinosanganisira interpersonal pakukurukurirana, uye basa emakambani uye upfumi yose.

Marketing kutaurirana

Izvi date kutapukirwa nzira inoshandiswa munyaya zvose yebasa, chinangwa chiri kubudirira rokutengesa vakabudirira kuti zvinodiwa kwenzanga.

yokutengesa kutaurirana channel zvinoshandiswa kusika munhu nomufananidzo akanaka sangano mumusika. Zvisinei, ivo kunobatsira okutengesa rikurumidze. Somugumisiro kuchinjwa mashoko akadaro rinoitwa:

• kutumira mashoko kunanga mapoka vateereri pamusoro Implementation ari Implementation zvimwe zvinhu kana mabasa;
• kusikwa yakanaka mafungire kurutivi kambani;
• paumbwe muchiso mufananidzo, vachibvumira vatengi kufuridzira chivimbo;
• kukwezva makasitoma itsva.

Marketing kutaurirana channel angava zvose kwokunze uye dzakawanda. Panguva iyoyo vari yakagadzirirwa nekufambisa mashoko kubva mugadziri kusvikira mutengi kuti ienzane. kwenzanga uye mubereko waibva kutengesa.

The chikuru zvinoumba yokutengesa kutaurirana dzinosanganisira:

1. Advertising chero chimiro unokubvumira kuparadzira shoko kubatsira zvokutengesa uye mabasa.
2. Okutengesa ushambadzi. Izvi yebasa chinokosha unokubvumira kuchengeta kumusika mugove yemakambani simba uye popularize zvinhu zvitsva.
3. Direct tsamba. Izvi Kukurukura mugero chakagadzirirwa kukurudzira rokutengesa kuburikidza tsamba basa.
4. Telemarketing. Izvi Kukurukura mugero ari kushandisa runhare kukurukurirana nzvimbo kuti okutengesa kukura uye inotungamirwa zvakanaka nevatengi pfungwa pamusoro kambani.
5. Public pabonde. Ichi rinokosha yokutengesa yokukurukurirana, rinoshandiswa sechinhu okushambadza kuratidzira uye nhumbi, kavha uye magadzirirwo.

Zvose pamusoro nzira kuparadzira mashoko akatuma nemakambani kuwedzera nevatengi vade uye okutengesa kukura. Ndokusaka sangano rose riri kuita kuti kukura uye Implementation pamusoro yokutengesa kwacho utariri nzira.

Zvinoitwa pachako kutaurirana mugero

mameseji unokosha basa revanhukadzi ano. Maererano neizvi kuchikosha uye akakodzera kuti munhu unhu kukurukurirana makwara. Ngationgororei navo zvizere.

Mumwe seanokwanisa kuita zvinhu zvizhinji pachavo kukurukura pakuparadzira vanoonekwa. Chavainyanya zvakwakanakira ndiwo:

• mukana zvakananga mupfungwa kukanganisa vanowana;
• inofambiswa, ichiita pakarepo mhinduro chii chiri kuitika;
• kukanganiswa;
• zvakavanzika;
• mukana kuita zvishoma pane vanozoshanda uye michina nzira;
• cheapness.

Zvisinei, pasinei ose pamusoro zvatariswa, migero pachake kutaurirana haisi nguva dzose kushandiswa. Nyaya kuti kunaka divi ravo, chikuru ndechipi shoma kukura vateereri.

Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti munhu - ndiro inonyatsobudirira migero yokukurukurirana muzviitiko kana zvakakodzera kuti asimbise ukama nevanhu vane pfungwa ndiyo kurema kuti vanhu. Nemamwe mashoko, pamwe "pfungwa vatungamiriri."

Feature zvenhau channel

Pane imwe nzira yokutaura, izvo zvinoita kuti tikwanise kutumira mashoko chikuru zvinoita nhamba yevatengi. Kazhinji kushandiswa yokutengesa zvinangwa. hutachiwana ichi remashoko achishandisa kwemashoko. Ndivo chikuru kunoreva terevhizheni uye redhiyo, panze okushambadza uye zvinobudisa nhau, uye Indaneti. izvi kukurukura migero yose inoshandiswa nokupfuuridzirwa mashoko zvavo. Chimbofunga zvinhu maitiro avo.

TV midziyo - hova kwemashoko. chikuru zvinobatsira yavo:

1. Misa. Vateereri, akagara pamberi TV, ndiko kuri zvose. It anopa TV munhu ano kupfuura hafu ose mashoko nayo anogamuchira.
2. Speed. Mashoko zvitange achatorwa, zvose vaoni panguva imwe chete.
3. Multithreading. All mashoko ane simba pamusoro Fafitera uchishandisa audiovisual vachionana, ichipa kunonyanyisa digestibility.

Payakaipira zvinosanganisira murombo paterevhizheni kudzora mashoko rukova. TV haasi kukwanisa kupa ruzivo runodiwa chipfuro vateereri.

To chiteshi uye wokudhinda nhau. Panyaya iyi, kuti kupirinda nhau vane zvinotevera zvazvakanakira:

1. Small mutengo. Nzira iyi achiri chipa kurwira ruzivo kurudyi chipfuro vateereri.
2. Zvakarurama kukurukurwa. The zvakafanira chipfuro vateereri ndicho chokwadi kuverenga mashoko iwe pasi, kana chiri nokudhindwa bhuku kushandisa imwe nyaya.
3. Kugona kuti mharidzo yacho mashoko. Vezvenhau anogona kubudisa mashoko kupfuura wakakwana.
4. Shungu maonero. All kusimuka bhuku mashoko kuverengwa inodzidzisa ari oga. Izvi kunobatsirawo wake maonero.

To nhau, kuparadzira zvakafanira ruzivo kuti mugadziri, anogona kunzi, uye Outdoor zvokushambadzira. Its chikuru zvakwakanakira dzinosanganisira:

1. Showiness. Izvi zvinogoneka nemhaka guru kukura mapuranga uye kushandiswa guru vanodhirowa uye ndima.
2. Location. Mutengi anoziva nzvimbo pakushambadzira zvenhau installation.
3. Low mutengo. Mutengo kushambadza kwakadaro dererei zvikuru kupfuura mashoko takaisa pamusoro TV kana munhau.

unogona anoratidza chisingabviri kuratidza kuti vateereri zvakawanda pamusoro zvazvakashatira Outdoor zvokushambadzira.

Most ano nhau - Indaneti. zvakanakira Its dzinosanganisira:

1. Low mutengo kushambadza.
2. Yechimbadzo chikamu mutengi.
3. Mukana chokuwana dzinovaka.
4. Kumhanya kupararira.

Pakati zvainovhiringidzawo Indaneti emit yakaderera kutendeseka vanoita. Pashure pezvose, mashoko anogona kuiswa iri pose richikurukura ose, kunyange mukurumbira wokusavimbika. Ndokusaka Mishumo inobudiswa dzimwe nhau, dzakakurumbira chaizvo panguva vanogaramo.