Mhangura chloride

A binary remubatanidzwa hwemhangura chloride (monohydrochloride) uyo yemaitiro CuCl, ari munyu hydrochloric acid. upfu Izvi zvinowanzoita chena kana mutema, ndizvo chaizvo havaratidzi soluble mumvura. Greenish tinge monochloride crystals nokuda pamberi divalent tsvina fuma inonzi mhangura chloride II.

Kokutanga zvakanzi rakagadzirirwa munhu kemisiti huru Robert Boyle. chiitiko ichi chakaitika kare kare, muna 1666, uye kuti masayendisiti kushandisa nyore esimbi zvemhangura uye divalent nemekiyuri chloride. Zvadaro, muna 1799, Dzhozef Prust akasarudza monohydrochloride crystals dichloride. Uku kuita inofanira zvishoma nezvishoma muchidziisa mhinduro, mauri mhangura chloride (II) vakarasika ayo chikamu kuiisa chlorine, anenge hafu yayo Kuwanikwa. Branch dichloride monochloride akanga achiitiswa kwakajairika nokushamba.

Copper monochloride - iri chena crystalline fuma kuti iri tembiricha kuti 408 ° C anochinja Maumbirwe sekristaro napamahwindo. Sezvo remubatanidzwa ichi ndokuzvinyausa uye mamota zvishomanana kana pasina kudzikisirana kwayo kwemakemikari payakavakirwa dzimwe nguva yakanyorwa Cu2Cl2. Monohydrochloride Zvisinei, sezvo dzimwe yeimwe mhangura, chepfu.

Remubatanidzwa mhangura chloride, ane nzira zvakanyorwa sezvo CuCl2, ari kunze shava crystals kuroorwa achikanganisa kuumbwa. Kana kuwadzana kunyange uwandu mvura remubatanidzwa crystals zvikuru duku kushandura ruvara: shava pamwe iye sequentially anopinda mutema, ipapo mutema. Sezvineiwo, kana zvakadaro aqueous mhinduro kuwedzera vakasvimha pakati hydrochloric acid, kuti crystals kudzokera mumwe zvenguva inoti - kuva greenish.

fuma utsotso tembiricha raiva 537 ° C, uye pane imwe kudziya 954 - 1032 ° C, izvozvo mamota. Mukomboni iri soluble mune zvinhu zvakadai semvura, doro, amoniya. ayo arambe achirema iri 3,054 g / cm3. At kugara dilution mhinduro uye kuramba tembiricha pa 25 ° C ari matadza conductivity fuma iri 265,9 cm2 / mol.

Vakawana nokufumura yemhangura chloride kuti mhangura chloride, uye kuitisa zvakaitwa mhangura sulfate (II) pamwe sulfuric acid. The maindasitiri inogadzirwa kwakavakirwa vachiridzira wemisanganiswa ose sulfides ndarira yavaibvisa chloride. Panyaya iyi, zvakaitwa tembiricha inofanira vaipa 550-600 ° C, naro, akatsaura fuma iri mubvunzo iri dzakaonekwa pamberi gaseous zvinoriumba, akadai HCl, Arsenic magasi nesarufa yeimwe. Anozivikanwa kugadzirwa apo kugadzirira riri kuitwa cuprous chloride kudzidziswa Exchange maitiro pakati mhangura sulphate uye BaCl2.

Pamusangano tembiricha kuti 993 ° C iri fuma uchiora CuCl uye Cl2, ayo solubility mu aqueous zvinogadzirisa, dzinoratidzwa:

- kana zvazvichanyungudutswa ane aqueous mhinduro 25-dhigirii tembiricha yakanyauka chose muna 100 magiramu mvura, 77,4 magiramu emhangura chloride;

- kana kusvika tembiricha kuti mhinduro rinosvika 100 ° C zviri soluble muna 120 magiramu nenhumbi kare. Muzviitiko zvacho zvose, zvinofungirwa kuti arambe achirema pamusoro CuCl2 akanga akafanana.

Copper chloride rinoshandiswa nevakawanda sezvo makemikari anowedzera chinoumba pyrotechnical wemisanganiswa kweShanduro siyana chicherwa madhayi. Sezvo amoniya mhinduro rinoshandiswa senzira combustion analyzer hwezvekukurukurirana dzemaitirwe pamusoro wevasungwa uye padanho carbon dioxide. Dichloride uye rinoshandisirwa somunhu mutakuri okisijeni mumatanho siyana kwemakemikari gadzira, unyanzvi hwokugadzira zvinhu zvakadaro, somuenzaniso, zvakajairika pagadzirwe Organic madhayi.

Salt hwemhangura chloride, zvachose zvishoma soluble, anokwanisa wezvamatongerwe zvinoverengeka sekristaro hydrates. Kana ichi kuramba mhinduro kubva pafuma anokwanisa kupinda senitrogen oxide, iro rinoshandiswawo nevakawanda iri kugadzirwa nemishonga uye makemikari indasitiri.