Simbi zvemagetsi conductivity sezvazviri

Hapana nhasi hazvishamisi kuti, kubudikidza pamusoro bhatani chinja, tinogona kuona moto uri chiedza girobhu racho. Kazhinji hatina kumbofunga kuti zviito zvose izvi dzinobva akatevedzana chaiko mananara. Mumwe akadaro zvikuru kuziva mananara - magetsi conductivity chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi, iyo inopa aibuda Magetsi.

Chokutanga, zvichida, unofanira kusarudza kuti chii zvose pamusoro. Saka, conductivity kukwanisa yamarudzi kupfuura Magetsi. Uyezve, akasiyana zvinhu vane unyanzvi iyi kunosiyana inegumi. Maererano mwero zvemagetsi conductivity iri fuma vari kumwedzi conductors, semiconductors uye insulators.

Kana kutarira experimental Data yaunganidzwa vaongorori kuti adzidze Magetsi, zvinova pachena kuti conductivity chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi ndiyo soro. Izvi zvinoratidza zuva tsika, kana nokupfuuridzirwa Magetsi vaishandisa waya zvesimbi. Kuti simbi zvikurukuru kuita conductors kuti Magetsi. Uye tsananguro iyi inogona kuwanikwa muna Erekitironi dzidziso simbi.

Maererano ekupedzisira, muitisi chinhu crystalline yekamuri ane nodes uitore maatomu. Vane gobvu chaizvo uye waakaita kuti pedyo kabhoni maatomu akafanana, saka vanoramba substantially mune crystalline napamahwindo. Chii chingataurwa pamusoro maerekitironi, riri pamusoro dzokunze anoshongwa kwemaatomu. maerekitironi izvi vakasununguka kuenda randomly, achiumba vanonzi "zvemagetsi gasi". Pano electronic conductivity chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi, uye yakavakirwa maerekitironi izvi.

Sezvo hwokuti yezvakaita Magetsi nokuda maerekitironi, tinogona kuyeuka zvakaitika yefizikisi yokuGermany Rikke, akaponesa muna 1901. Akatora maviri mhangura uye rimwe aruminiyamu humburumbira ane nokungwarira yakabwinyiswa mativi, akaisa rimwe pamusoro perimwe uye achipfuura navo iyezvino. Maererano pfungwa yacho experimenter kana magetsi conductivity chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi kunokonzerwa maatomu, nefuma kutapurirana kwaizoitika. Zvisinei, pashure kupfuura Magetsi nokuda sepombi, mukanyiwa hakuna kushanduka.

mugumisiro Izvi zvakazoita kuti mhedziso kuti magetsi conductivity chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi kunokonzerwa nevamwe nezvimedu kuri kuna conductors zvose. In basa ichi chete ndikwane Erekitironi, iyo nguva ino akanga atova rakashama. Mune ramangwana, takapedza tsanzira kuedza akawanda, uye ivo vose akasimbisa kuti magetsi anokonzerwa kufamba maerekitironi.

Maererano Dzidziso ano ari sekristaro yekamuri simbi iri nodes ayo riri ions uye maerekitironi inotamba nekaupenyu akasununguka therebetween. Kuti vakadaro vakawanda maerekitironi uye zvinopa dzakakwirira zvemagetsi conductivity simbi. In pamberi duku zvinogona musiyano uri kondakita kumigumo izvi vakasununguka maerekitironi kutanga kufamba, izvo chinoita ane zvemagetsi iyezvino.

Pano zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti conductivity iri zvakasimba tembiricha zvaanoda. Saka, pamwe kuwedzera tembiricha iri conductivity chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi zvinoderedza, uye Ukuwo, kunowedzera sezvo tembiricha zvinoderedza, kusvikira chinonakidza kuti superconductivity. Panguva iyoyo zvinofanira kuyeukwa kuti kunyange conductivity vane simbi zvose, kukosha kwayo nokuti mumwe nomumwe wavo vayo. Best conductivity of inonyanya kushandiswa zvemagetsi uye simbi nemhangura ane.

Nokudaro, akaderedza acho rinopa pfungwa inomirira zvemagetsi conductivity chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi, rinotsanangura hunhu remagetsi uye anotsanangura chii chakaita izvozvo. Kupiwa rondedzero sekristaro yekamuri chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi uye zvimwe zvinokonzerwa zvimwewo zvinoitika pasi conductivity.