Mazita kwevatsvene Russian. Lives kwevatsvene Russian

Utsvene - ndiwo kuchena mwoyo, kutsvaka asina kusikwa simba naMwari wakaratidzwa zvipo Mutsvene ave seti yemwaranzi mavara ari zuva chakarondedzera. Wainamata vanozvinyima vari kubatana pakati yepanyika nyika uye umambo hwokudenga. Zvakazadza nechiedza naMwari nyasha, ivo, kuburikidza kufungisisa Mwari uye muhukama Mwari, kuziva zvakavanzika yakakwirira zvokunamata. In upenyu hwepasi dzvene, kuti aite Feat kuti kuzvinyima nokuda kwaIshe, vanogamuchira rokumusoro nyasha kuzarurirwa naMwari. Maererano nedzidziso yebhaibheri, utsvene - mufananidzo womunhu kuna Mwari, uyo ane chete akaendesa hwakakwana upenyu uye ayo akasiyana mabviro.

Chii canonization

Church nzira chargeability yavakarurama vatsvene anonzi canonization. Rinokurudzira vatendi kuverenga vakaziva musande mukunamata paruzhinji. Kazhinji, kereke chekunamata kunotangira kuziva kubwinya National uye nokukudzwa, asi kuita canonization akabvumira kuti varumbidze kusikwa dzvene kwemifananidzo, achinyora Lives, muunganidzwa minyengetero uye yechechi. Chikonzero chepamutemo canonization ave wakarurama nezviito, akasika mabasa avo incredible, upenyu hwake kana kwaStefani. Uye pashure pokufa munhu anogona azivikanwa somusande nokuda kwake isingaori zvinoera, kana anobva kubva Zvisaririra zvishamiso zvake zvokuporesa.

Kuri kuti musande iri airemekedzwa mukati metemberi chete, guta kana wemamongi, vanoti diocesan, emo canonization.

It anoona chechi pamutemo uye kuvapo zvausingazivi vatsvene nokusimbisa umwari iyo isati kuziviswa ungano yose yechiKristu. Vanodanwa airemekedzwa wemufi vakarurama uye kuvashumira kune yemariro, nepo somusande vatsvene molebens.

Ndokusaka mazita vasande Russian, uyo kutya rimwe diocese, angava akasiyana uye havasi kuzivikanwa kuti vanhu vomuchechi racho.

Ndiani somusande muRussia

Kutambura Russia wakadenha anopfuura chiuru kutenda uye kutenda. All mazita evanhu Russian munyika vatsvene vakanga somusande, vanobatanidzwa mukarenda, kana mesyatseslov. Classing akarurama kodzero pamutemo musande pakutanga vakabatwa Kiev, uye gare gare Moscow, yemo. The canonization chokutanga pashure pekufukunurwa zvisaririra avakarurama kusika chishamiso navo. Muna 11-16 emakore pazvakawanikwa machinda kuvigwa Boris uye Gleb, Princess Olga, Feodosiya Pecherskogo.

Sezvo yechipiri yezana remakore rechi16, apo Metropolitan Macarius, kodzero canonize vatsvene akapfuura kuchechi kanzuru iri primate. Mubvunzo simba aivapo muRussia panguva iyoyo makore 600 kubva yeOrthodox, akatsinhira vasande vakawanda Russian. The mazita avakarurama akudzwa Makarii Church ikazara kumusoro zita 39 VaKristu mutsvene vaizviita.

Byzantine utongi canonization

Muzana remakore rechi17 Chechi yeOrthodox yokuRussia abvuma kufurirwa vekare Byzantine mitemo canonization. Panguva iyi, somusande, zvikurukuru vapristi, nekuti vakanga kereke San. Uyewo chargeability yakakodzerwa mamishinari vakatakura kutenda, uye inobatanidza kuvakwa dzemachechi itsva uye dzemamongi. Uye kudiwa pakusikwa zvishamiso varasikirwa kushanda kwayo. Saka yakanga somusande vatsvene 150, kunyanya pakati mamongi uye nevafundisi pakukwirira uye Church mazita matsva paKarenda akabatanidzwa vatsvene yeOrthodox yeRussia.

The kwakaderera pokudzora chechi

Muna 18-19 emakore akanga chete kodzero canonize Dzvene Revafundisi. Nguva iyi kunoratidzwa vasanyanye basa Church uye kwakaderera simba rayo pamusoro evanhu kwendangariro. Usati wakwira kusvika chigaro Nicholas II akatora nzvimbo chete mana canonization. Paitonga pfupi iri Romanovs yevatsvene rakava nomwe vaKristu, uye karenda kwakawedzera mazita matsva rwavatsvene Russian.

Pakazosvika zana remakore rechi20, vakaitwa kuti makarenda pamusoro munharaunda kuzivikanwa uye Russian yevatsvene mazita ayo nechimwe mazita vaKristu vakaenda Orthodox, uyo yemariro vakanga zvichiitika.

Yanhasi canonization

Kutanga ano nguva nhoroondo canonizations, inoitiswa yeOrthodox yeRussia Church anogona kunzi wakaitwa muna 1917-18 Local Council, vakanga somusande vatsvene kwose kunamatwa vatsvene Russian Sophrony Josefa Irkutsk uye Astrakhan. Zvadaro, muna 1970, akanga somusande matatu rechina mufundisi weChirungu ainzi - German Alyaskinsky, Japan, Archbishop uye Metropolitan of Moscow uye Kolomna Innocent.

Negore kwemireniyumu chiKristu Russia akapfuura canonization itsva, iyo aigamuchirwa vaizviita Xenia pamusoro Petersburg, Dmitry Donskoy nevamwe zvishoma inonyatsozivikanwa vatsvene,, Russian Orthodox.

"Sezvo kutenda 'Muna 2000 kuyeukwa kanzuru maBhishopu, vakanga somusande chevaux Nicholas II uye nemhuri Romanovs youmambo.

canonization yeRussian Church Orthodox First

Mazita okutanga vasande Russian vakanga somusande Metropolitan John muzana remakore rechi11., Akava chiratidzo kutenda kwechokwadi, vachangobhabhatidzwa vanhu, izere kugamuchirwa dzemunharaunda Orthodox. Machinda Boris uye Gleb, vanakomana Prince Vladimira Svyatoslavicha, mushure canonization vaiva kutsigira vaKristu Russian vokutanga vokudenga. Boris uye Gleb vakaurayiwa munin'ina wake internecine kutamburira choumambo Kiev muna 1015. Tiri kuziva vakaronga kuedza, nokuzvininipisa vechiKristu vakabvuma rufu nokuda autocracy uye vanhu vayo rugare rwepfungwa.

Machinda kunamata wakange vakawanda hunhu pamberi kuzivikanwa kwavo utsvene nekereke pamutemo. Mushure canonization simba hama vaakawana incorrupt uye ndiye vekare Russian vanhu kuporesa zvishamiso. Uye akwira choushe vatongi itsva akaita kunonamata zvisaririra vatsvene kunotsvaka chikomborero kuti wakanaka ushe, uye kubatsirwa zvakapembererwa zvombo. Day Rokuyeuka Saints Boris uye Gleb musi July rechi24.

Inotungamirwa Russian vatsvene nehama

Anotevera pashure Boris uye Gleb somusande akanga somusande Theodosius Pechersky. The yakatarwa canonization wechipiri, chechi Russian yakaitwa kwakaitika muna 1108. Theodosius vaiona baba Russian monasticism uye muvambi, pamwe chete ake chipangamazano Anthony, kuti Kiev-Pechersk wemamonk. Mudzidzisi uye mudzidzi vakaratidza mbiri dzakasiyana nzira yokuteerera yemamongi - imwe huru vazviomesere, renunciation zvose zvenyika zvose, uye mumwe - kuzvininipisa zvinhu uye kuti kubwinya kwaMwari.

Mumapako ari Kiev-Pechersk wemamongi, akatakura mazita havaoni, zvisaririra 118 novices ose wemamongi, uyo akararama kare uye mushure wechiTatar-Mongol joko. Somusande vose muna 1643, kusvika zvachose basa, uye muna 1762 mazita yavatsvene Russian vakanga hwakanyorwa mukarenda.

Reverend Abraham Smolensky

About akarurama pre-Mongol kumwedzi, zvishoma zvinozivikanwa. Avraamiy Smolensky, mumwe vatsvene shoma iyoyo, izvo akapukunyuka zvakawanda Biography, rakanyorwa nokuda mudzidzi wake. Abraham refu airemekedzwa yekwake asati canonization Makarii Cathedral muna 1549. Goverai Vanotambura zvose pfuma yake vasara pashure pokufa mumhuri yakapfuma, mwana namatatu raShe vyproshenny mwanakomana chete pashure gumi vanasikana, Abrahamu akararama muurombo, vachinyengeterera ruponeso panguva Kwekupedzisira. Agerwe mumongi, akanga nokukopa mabhuku echitendero uye mifananidzo kupendwa. Reverend Abhurahama ndiye pakuponesa Smolensk kubva yakaoma kwazvo.

The usage akawanda vatsvene Russian nyika

Saizvozvowo mweya pamwe chambotaurwa nezvacho Boris uye Gleb, yakasiyana chiratidzo Russian Orthodoxy, hapana zvisinganyanyi kukosha mazita yevatsvene Russian, akava vaichengetedza vose vanhu kuburikidza mupiro yayo kuChechi mune upenyu paruzhinji.

Mushure kusunungurwa kubva Mongol vasisanetswi Russian monasticism vakaona chinangwa vavhenekerwe Ndudzi, uyewo kweDzimba dzemamongi itsva uye netemberi ari isingagarwi kuchamhembe-dzekumabvazuva. Dzepamusorosoro mufananidzo racho rakanga St. Sergiy Radonezhsky. Nokuti bogoposlushnogo zvakavanzika sero akavaka pagomo Makovec, apo iye chakazovakwa Utatu-rwacho Segiyo Lavra. Zvishoma nezvishoma, Sergei akatanga kubatana wakarurama, akafuridzirwa zvaaidzidzisa, izvo zvakazoita kuti paumbwe yemamongi cloister, kurarama zvibereko namaoko avo, kwete sechipo kuvarombo vakatendeka. Segiyo pachake aishanda mubindu, muenzaniso kuti vamwe vanhu. Vanodzidza Sergiya Radonezhskogo yakavakwa 40 dzemamongi yose Russia.

St. Sergiy Radonezhsky vakatakura pfungwa kuzvininipisa kwaMwari kwete chete vanhuwo asiwo mutongo vepamusoro. Sezvo romubati wezvematongerwe enyika, akapa kuna kubatanidzwa Russian ukuru, vatongi kudiwa vabvume Cohesion Dynasties uye zvakasiyana nyika.

Dmitry Donskoy

Great kunamata Sergiy Radonezhsky panguva muchinda Russian somusande, Dmitriya Ivanovicha Donskogo. It Segiyo akaropafadza hondo engineered pedyo zvipoko muna Dmitriem Donskim Kulikov rokurwa, asi kutsigirwa naMwari atumwa vaviri novices ake.

Kuva Duke muna muduku, munyaya wehurumende, Dmitry kuteerera mazano Metropolitan seizvi Alexy, kudzikama akananga kubatanidzwa Russian zvemisoro akapoteredza Moscow. Kwete nguva dzose, izvi kwakaitika norugare. Apo simba, uye apo kuroorwa (mu Suzdal Princess) Dmitry Ivanovich Join yakapoteredza nyika kuMoscow, uko akavaka wokutanga Kremlin.

It Dmitry Donskoy aiva muvambi sangano enyika anokanda panguva kubatana wokuRussia zvemisoro akapoteredza Moscow kuvaka simba mamiriro ine enyika (kubva khans Yechinwiwa Horde) uye pfungwa (kubva chechi Byzantine) rusununguko. Muna 2002, munyika kuyeuka Grand Prince Dmitry Donskoy uye Segiyo pakati Radonezh chakatangwa nokuda Order "Nokuti Service kuna Yababa", zvakazara chinosimbisa kudzika matambudziko evanhu izvi pakugadzirwa Russian statehood. Ava Russian varume tsvene Radel nemagariro, rusununguko uye rugare rudzi rwake rukuru.

Faces (mamakisi) vatsvene Russian

Vose vatsvene waifarirwa Church iri muchidimbu muna choirs pfumbamwe kana kuhondo vaporofita, vaapostora, vasande, kutenda, kutenda Martyr, zvivi, kusafarira, uye akaropafadzwa mapenzi.

Chechi yeOrthodox yomuRussia anoudzawo zviso siyana rwavatsvene pamusoro. Varume Russian vatsvene, nokuda nhoroondo ezvinhu, akakamurwa inotevera pamisara:

Machinda. Vatsvene vakarurama rokutanga vakaziva nechechi Russian vakava machinda Boris uye Gleb. Feat yavo yakanga kubayira muzita vanhu Russian rugare rwepfungwa. maitiro ichi rava muenzaniso ose vatongi panguva Yaroslava Mudrogo, kana chokwadi akaziva kuti simba, muzita iro muchinda vachibayira. Hunokamukana chinzvimbo ichi pamusoro vapositori (disseminators chiKristu - Princess Olga, muzukuru wake Vladimir, uyo akabhabhatidzwa Russia), mamongi (machinda, agerwe mumongi) uye Passion (vanoitirwa nokurwisana kwoutsinye, kuurayirwa chigaro, umhondi kutenda kwavo).

The Monks. Vanonzi vatsvene vakasarudza panguva upenyu nokuteerera yemamongi (Antony uye Theodosius Pechersky, Sergiy Radonezhsky, Iosif Volotsky, Serafim Sarovsky).

Saints - vatsvene, kuva setsika chechi, Achivakira kudzivirira kwake kutenda ushumiri kwomwoyo kuparadzira dzidziso dzechiKristu, nhandare temberi (Nifont Novgorodsky, Stefan Permsky).

Mapenzi (yomufaro mukuru ine) - vatsvene, dzinopfekwa muupenyu hwake chitarisiko hwoupengo, achiramba kukosha kwenyika. Very guru chinzvimbo yevatsvene Russian, kukasawedzerwa, zvikurukuru mamongi, vaiona kukwana yemamongi kuteerera. Vakabuda wemamongi, tichisiya mamvemve mumigwagwa mumataundi uye kutambura zvinetso (Vasiliy Blazhenny, St. Isaka zindoga, Simeon Palestinian, Xenia pamusoro Petersburg).

Holy nevesangano uye mukadzi. setsika ichi chinobatanidza vakaziva Mutsvene Child vakaurayiwa, zvasiya pfuma pevamwe, vakarurama, vaisiyana rusingaperi vanhu (Yulianiya Lazarevskaya, Artemy Verkola).

Lives kwevatsvene Russian

Lives of Saints - a mabhuku basa kuitika enhoroondo, oupenyu uye pachavo mashoko akarurama, chechi somusande. Lives tiri mumwe mukuru mabhuku Genres. Zvichienderana nguva kunyora uye nyika, akadhindwa izvi vakasikwa muchimiro nhoroondo dzeupenyu, ENCOM (eulogy), Martyrius (uchapupu), Patericon. Style kunyora upenyu Byzantine, Roman uye Western dzechitendero netsika yakasiyana. Kare 4th muchechi remakore vakatanga wokubatanidza Saints uye dzavo nhoroondo dzeupenyu vari hwakavigwa mumakamuri aiva karenda maonero pazuva Kuchengetwa vaizviita.

MuRussia, upenyu kuonekwa pamwechete kuitwa chiKristu kubva Byzantium neshanduro Bulgarian uye Serbian kukabatanidzwa kupinda kuunganidza kuverenga kwemwedzi - uye makarenda pamusoro vatendi Lives.

Nechekare muzana remakore rechi11 pane laudatory Biography machinda Boris uye Gleb, apo risingazivikanwi munyori Upenyu - Russian. Mazita yavatsvene kuzivikanwa Church uye akawedzera kuti makarenda. Mugore rechi12 uye rechi13 emakore, pamwe yemamongi chido kujekesera kumusoro-kumabvazuva Russia, uye kuwedzera nhamba oupenyu mabasa. Vanyori Russian vakaverenga panguva Divine yokunamata, upenyu vatsvene Russian. Mazita, mazita izvo kwave kuchizivikanwa nekereke kuti vakudze, zvino makagamuchira chaiye, uye mabasa matsvene uye zvishamiso wagadzirirwa mune mabhuku Monument.

Muzana remakore rechi15 paiva kuchinja nzira kunyora Lives. Huru ngwariro rwakabhadharwa kuna vanyori havasi Data chaidzo, uye unyanzvi unyanzvi okuti, runako mutauro chaiko, uye mano kunhonga kuenzanisa dzakawanda chaizvo. Akava anozivikanwa vanyori unyanzvi nguva. Somuenzaniso, Epiphanius Takachenjera, uyo akanyora upenyu yevatsvene Russian, mazita avo zvikuru nomukurumbira vose vanhu akajeka - Stefano Perm uye Sergiya Radonezhskogo.

vakawanda vanoonekwa mashoko pamusoro inokosha munhau. Nhoroondo dzeupenyu Aleksandra Nevskogo, unogona kudzidza pamusoro enyika ukama Horde. Upenyu Boris uye Gleb nokureva machinda feuds pamberi kubatanidzwa Russia. Kutanga anodzidza uye oupenyu mabasa chechi zvikuru kunotema chii mazita vasande Russian, mabasa avo uye unhu ichava kuzivikanwa zvikuru pakati vakatendeka.