Marara Island iri Pacific Ocean: zvinokonzera, migumisiro Photo

Munguva Pacific, pane chitsuwa kujairika kuti haina chiratidzo chipi mepu dzenyika. Zvichakadai, nzvimbo nzvimbo, iyo yava zvinonyadzisa chaiwo yedu, nechekare akapfuudza munharaunda France. Chokwadi chokuti vanhu unobereka marara ari kuwedzera zuva nezuva uye kufukidza ndima itsva kwete chete panyika. Zvikuru nedambudziko vaigara hwemvura zvinhu zvipenyu, kunzwa mumakore gumi adarika, vose zvinofadza yebudiriro.

Zvinosuruvarisa vanhu vakawanda havazivi pamusoro mamiriro chaiye nezvakatipoteredza uye tsvina nhaka vanhu. Dambudziko zvomumvura nemarara, kwaiitwa irreparable kukuvara mhoteredzo, havasi pachena, uye chokwadi maererano anofungidzirwa Masvomhu, uremu mapurasitiki, iyo anosunungura zvine chepfu, matani anopfuura mamiriyoni zana.

Sezvo zvakapwanyika muwisira gungwa?

Papi marara mugungwa, kana munhu haararami ikoko? Vanopfuura 80% kurenje chinowa pano zvinyorwa, uye huru chikamu kwavo vanoumba hombodo mapurasitiki mvura, mabhegi, nemikombe. Mukuwedzera, mugungwa uye hove mambure vakarasika kubva mungarava mumagaba. Huru Zvinosvibisa vanoonekwa kuti nyika mbiri - China neIndia, apo vanhu Dump tsvina zvakananga mumvura.

Two epurasitiki divi

Tinogona kutaura kuti kubvira pakatanga mapurasitiki, uye atanga zvachose kusvibisa nyika zvakasvibirira. The acho, izvo zvichaita aivabatsira zvikuru upenyu hwevanhu, rava chaiyo muchetura panyika uye gungwa, kana anowana ikoko pashure kushandiswa. Kuora anopfuura zana makore chisingakoshi mapurasitiki, kubva izvo saka nyore kubvisa, zvichiita chakakomba kukuvara zvisikwa.

On nyaya iyi, Ndinodzokorora kwemakore anopfuura mashanu, zvisinei, dzezvakatipoteredza vari chete pakutanga 2000 akaridza aramu, nokuti nyika ine kondinendi itsva, zvinosanganisira tsvina. Undercurrents akagogodza epurasitiki nemarara ari marara zviwi zviri mugungwa, izvo vakanga vavharirwa nomutsa uye handigoni kuenda mberi nayo. In chaizvo kutaura sei basa zvikuru zvinhu unochengeta puraneti, hazvibviri.

Marara Island rufu

Mukuru marara, riri munzvimbo Pacific mumudziyo ane kudzika 30 metres uye anotambanudza wokuCalifornia kuHawaii kwemazana makiromita. Kwemakumi emakore, mapurasitiki kuyangarara mumvura, nazvino ichigere kuumbwa rimwe chitsuwa hombe, yaimera aiparadza kumhanya. Maererano nevaongorori, zvino akapfuudza vazhinji zooplankton gobvu ndiro kanenge kanomwe.

The Pacific chitsuwa marara, zvinosanganisira mapurasitiki, iyo crumbles zvidimbu zvidiki pasi pokudzora munyu uye zuva, rakaitirwa panzvimbo imwe nokuda pasi pemvura dzenzvimbo. Pane subtropical whirlpool, unonzi "renje nyanza." Pano kubva kumativi akasiyana-siyana enyika kwemakore akawanda zvino akakoromora zvinhu zvakasiyana, uye nokuda kwokuwanda azere nezvitunha zvakaora mhuka, akanyorova huni mvura nomuti rehydrogen sulphide. Uyu chaiye akafa vematunhu, murombo chaizvo upenyu. The fetid nzvimbo kumbobvira iri kuvhuvhuta mhepo yakachena, Usafamba kunotenga uye warships vari kuedza hanya nayo.

Asi pashure pemakore 50 wekupedzisira remakore, zvinhu hwaipa zvinoshamisa, uye kuti zvisaririra zviri algae yakawedzerwa mapurasitiki kavha, mabhegi uye nehombodo, haisi pasi inofanira zvipenyu kudzikisirana. Zvino marara chitsuwa chiri Pacific Ocean, nenharaunda makore gumi nerimwe yakawedzera kakawanda, kusvika 90% ine polyethylene.

Ngozi shiri uye zvomugungwa

Mhuka kurarama mumvura kutora matongo chikafu kuti vari rakabayirwa mudumbu uye kufa nokukurumidza. Varasa Marara uchipa dzinouraya kukuvara. Birds chikafu chavo nhiyo navaduku unopinza granules chakatodzana mazai, izvo zvinoisa dzavo rufu. Ocean masarasara kungava nengozi vanhu, nekuti vazhinji zvomumvura mhando kuti achawira mariri, yakazarawo epurasitiki.

Marara kuyangarara pamusoro pegungwa, rakavhara chezuva, izvo vakavhundutsira chakaipa upenyu plankton uye algae, kunotsigira mararamiro kubudisa muviri. Kutsakatika kwavo kwaizounza kufirwa mazhinji ezvinhu zvipenyu zvomugungwa. Marara Island, ina mapurasitiki chisingaurayisi anoora mvura, hwakazara ngozi vose vapenyu venyama.

Giant cesspool kwemarara

Zvidzidzo Recent inoitwa nemasayendisiti dzakaratidza kuti vazhinji marara - zviri duku mapurasitiki nezvimedu kukura millimeters anenge mashanu, izvo anoparadzirwa zvose pamusoro pemvura uye pakati akaturikidzana emvura. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, kuti azive rwakadini kusvibiswa kwechokwadi hazvibviri, nekuti kuona marara chitsuwa chiri Pacific Ocean kubva Satellite kana ndege asingagoni. Chekutanga, vanenge 70% kuti zvisingavaki muviri rinosakara kusvikira pasi, uye chepiri yakajeka epurasitiki nezvimedu nhema pasi mvura pamusoro, uye kuvaona kubva yakakwirira kungoti zvisingaitiki. Giant polyethylene gwapa anogona kuonekwa bedzi kubva muchikepe, vakauya pedyo naye, kana Diving ane aqualung. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinoti kuti imwe nzvimbo dzinenge mamiriyoni 15 makiromita.

Changing pakuenzanisa mararamiro

Ndichiverenga makobiri mapurasitiki inowanikwa mumvura, zvave kuwanikwa kuti vari dzine ine utachiona: mumwe millimeter wawanikwa anenge chiuru utachiona isingakuvadzi uye zvinogona kukonzera zvirwere. Zvakaitika kuti marara anochinja gungwa, uye hazvibviri kufanotaura kuti zvirango vachatitaka, uye nekuti vanhu vari zvikuru novimba aivapo mararamiro.

Pacific pachivara - handiyo chete nyangarara munyika, munyika mune shanu guru uye vanoverengeka diki landfills mumvura Antarctica uye Alaska. No Mazvikokota havazokwanisi kutaura chaizvo chii mwero pakusvibiswa.

Akawana kuchitsuwa zvinoyangarara marara

Chokwadi, kuvapo mananara dzakadai marara chitsuwa, anozivikanwa oceanographers kare zvafanotaurwa, asi makore 20 chete apfuura achidzoka regattas Captain Charles Moore yakawanikwa kumativi ake vacation mamiriyoni epurasitiki inoramba. Haana kunyange kuti akananga ari marara, iyo haina magumo. Charles, kufarira dambudziko, akavamba kwezvakatipoteredza sangano kuna kudzidza Pacific Ocean.

Kubva mishumo yachtsman, apo akanyevera pamusoro kutyisidzira yakarembera pamusoro vanhu, pakutanga nyore sokusingaitiki parutivi. Yakanga chete pashure dutu, izvo akakanda mahombekombe ose Hawaii ematani epurasitiki tsvina kuti akaita kufa zviuru mhuka neshiri, nokutora Moore chikazikamwa yose.

Zvokungwarira

Mushure kudzidza, umo gungwa mvura dzakanga dzawanikwa carcinogenic zvinhu zvaishandiswa kugadzirwa ari reusable hombodo, American akanyevera kuti tirambe kushandiswa polyethylene anotanga kutyisidzira nyika yose. "Plastic kuti absorbs makemikari kusimba chepfu - akati akawana chitsuwa, zvinosanganisira akayangarara marara -. Marine upenyu yokufungisisa muchetura, uye gungwa ikava epurasitiki muto."

Chokutanga, marara nezvimedu vari ura ezvisikwa pemvura, uye ipapo tama vanhu ndiro. Sezvo polyethylene anova kubatana zviri cheni chikafu, kuti vanhu hwakazara zvinouraya, nekuti masayendisiti refu akaratidza pamberi mapurasitiki mumuviri womunhu.

"Mhuka akabvarura kubva leash"

Marara chitsuwa risingagoni kufamba pamusoro pemvura chinosanganisira miniti nezvimedu dzichiumbwa turbid muto. Vanoona kuenzaniswa pamwe nemhuka huru, iyo deflated ari leash. Kana marara kunosvika nyika, mhirizhonga inotanga. Pane zviitiko apo mahombekombe akafukidzwa "confetti" mapurasitiki, izvo kwete chete Anotadzira vashanyi yezororo, asiwo kwakaita kuti rufu gungwa nenjiva.

Zvisinei, kuparadza dzinongoitika mararamiro vepachitsuwa marara, inova pikicha vadarika zvose zvenyika mabhuku zvakatipoteredza, zviri zvishoma nezvishoma akashandura kuva Atoll yechokwadi ine paasingazonyuri. Uye inotyisa zvikuru nyanzvi ano vanodavira kuti munguva pfupi zvinozova ungwandangwanda hwezvinhu nzvimbo mumakondinendi ose.

Marara panyika

Zvikuru yapfuura, voruzhinji vakakatyamadzwa kubudikidza pakuti Maldives, apo nzvimbo indasitiri zvikuru yakatanga, yakabereka marara yakawandisa. Luxury hôtels regai reumwe kuti marara, sezvo waiti mitemo, uye dumped kupinda rimwe murwi. Vamwe boaters avo vasingadi kumirira mumutsetse nzvimbo yokurasira marara, chete kukanda vari mumvura, uye chii chinosara, anowana on artificially akasika chitsuwa thilafushi marara, akatendeuka muguta marara.

kona ichi hachisi nowenyika paradhiso, raiva pedyo Maldivian guta. Over yakasiyana zvavaisiita plesieroorde panzvimbo vagari vari kuedza kuwana zvinhu dziripo sale, akaturika negore dema smog kubva kumarimi kuti marara. Landfill kunosvika mugungwa, uye vakatotanga rune mvura kusvibiswa, uye hurumende haina rwakapedza dambudziko kwetsvina. Ko vashanyi kusvika pedyo thilafushi zvakananga kutarira njodzi yakaitwa pedo.

kutyisa zvinhu

Muna 2012, nyanzvi kubva Scripps kwo Oceanography adzidza yakasviba Nzvimbo nemhenderekedzo California uye vakawana kuti yose huwandu tsvina kwakawedzera kane zana iri makore makumi mana. Uye izvi ndizvo chaizvo hanya vaongorori, nekuti zvingangoita kuti nguva ichasvika apo zvichange zvisingabviri kugadzira chinhu.

zvisingagadziriswi nyaya

No nyika nenyika hakusi akagadzirira kuita zvakawanda utachiona nzvimbo, uye Charles Moore akati nechivimbo kuti inokwanisa kuti vaparadze vakapfuma mamiriro kunyange. Marara Island iri Pacific Ocean, pikicha iyo kukonzera kutya remangwana zviri puraneti iri divi mumvura, uye zvinoitika kuti kuyangarara zvisingavaki muviri - munhu kuzochera. Uyezve, hazvisi chete inodhura kwazvo, asi panenge chiitiko hazviiti, nokuti duku epurasitiki nezvimedu zvakafanana kukura sezvo plankton, uye havasati akakurukura network kuti vaizokwanisa kuparadzanisa tsvina kubva duku zvomumvura vagari. Uye chii chokuita matongo, kwemakore akawanda izvo vagara nechepasi, hapana anoziva.

Masayendisiti vanonyevera kuti tinogona kudzivisa tsvina mumvura, kana vanhu havakwanisi kubvisa marara zviwi zviri mugungwa. Photos of hofori landfills kuti ose mugari Nyika kufungisisa zvinhu zviri ruchazova vana vake nevazukuru. Kuderedza kudyiwa mapurasitiki, tora nayo marara, kuchenesa vavatevere, uye chete ipapo vanhu vachakwanisa kuponesa mai hunhu uye nedzimwe Zvivako kuti iye akatipa.