Vagari Tyumen - hombe maindasitiri guta kuSiberia

Tyumen - muzinda Tyumen Oblast. guta rino ndiyo yokutanga Russian kugarwa kuSiberia. About sei vagari vazhinji vaigara uye upenyu muna Tyumen nhasi, chii chavanoita, tinodzidza kubva ino.

Nhoroondo zita reguta racho

Apo guta wakaunganidza zita raro? On zvibodzwa ichi pane zvekungofungira zvakasiyana. Maererano vamwe, zita "Tyumen" rinobva pashoko Turkic pfungwa "Tumen", iro rinoreva "zviuru gumi." Nokuti vamwe, zviri chokuita Bashkir "tumende", iro rinoshandurudzwa rinoreva "pazasi". Pane shanduro kuti zita Tyumen akagashira kubva wechiTatar yekare Chimgen-Tours, zvinoreva "guta riri panzira." Kwenguva yakareba zvakanga vaidavira kuti kunobva mashoko maviri Turkic "chisarai", zvinoreva wokwavo, uye "myana" - pfuma, pamwe - pfuma yangu.

Nzvimbo uye mamiriro okunze Tyumen

Tyumen rakaumbwa muna Asian chikamu Russia panzvimbo yakakwirira payakangopfuura, pakati maviri West Siberian nzizi - Tura (a mutero of Irtysh) uye Tyumenka, takakombwa nemipaini uye masango Birch. Nhasi, mutaundi kunharaunda 83,13 mativi mamita. ? km.

The guta riri chakaoma okunze vematunhu, nokuda kwokushayiwa makomo kuchamhembe uye nezasi. Pano muchando zvakaoma refu uye chirimo hupfupi. The kakawanda kupindira kuti Arctic mhepo makore kana mhepo inopisa inobva Kazakh steppes uye mumarenje Central Asia, kudziya nyoro mhepo kubva kuAtlantic, akaidza kupasanura kuna Ural makomo, kuti mamiriro okunze ari Tyumen kusagadzikana munyika gore.

History Tyumen hwaro

The guta rakaumbwa muna 1586 maererano Cossacks, akatuma nezviremera kudzivirira Urals nyika Anoumba chikamu Russian mamiriro kubva vachirwisa mauto ose kuSiberia Khanate, izvo akasimuka somuuyo kuparadzwa Golden Horde. Muna 1563, pashure kuuya nesimba, Khan Kuchum nechisimba Tatars pamusoro Russian munharaunda zvawanzwa. Mumwe Cossack mauto pasi murayiro Ataman Ermak muna 1852 akaita chinokosha kuvadza Tatars, anokunda guta guru Siberian Khanate - Kashlyk. Varwi vana Khan Kuchum akamanikidzwa shure. Zvose nokuti vakakunda mundima kuSiberia vatongi vakamhanya kubva Moscow.

Muna 1586, pedyo mumatongo Tatar guta Chimgen-Tours, nhare idzva waradzikwa. Saka akaberekwa kuSiberia, muguta Tyumen yokutanga Russian. Vagari pakutanga zvakanga diki. Vakagara pano vapfuri, Cossacks, ivo boyars 'vana. Pedyo dzakavakirirwa masvingo pakupedzisira yakabuda Posad.

Vagari akakura Tyumen zvichienderana zvokunze ezvinhu, kuwedzera ngozi hondo. The guta aiva anonyanya kuzvidzivirira ukoshi. Tyumen akava boka revarwi rinorinda kudzivirira Russian mamiriro kubva inowanzorimwa nyika madzinza anongofamba akasika vachirwisa dzavo kusvikira pakati XVII remakore.

The chikuru munhoroondo nguva pave Tyumen

Pakupera ari XVI remakore, pashure wamambo nechirevo pamusoro pokumuka kutengeserana kuSiberia uye kuunza kwake Bukhara kuburikidza Tyumen nemafashamo chengoro. Izvi vasingagoni asi kukanganisa vanhu. Tyumen akatanga nokukurumidza kukura tichiregeredza vatengesi vakanga vakagara pano. Nokufamba kwenguva rava chinokosha dzikafunga nevezvokutengeserana kuMabvazuva uye Central Asia.

Maererano hwakawanda huripo zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa, "mabhuku sevarindi", iro vanhu Tyumen mukuvamba XVII remakore racho vanhu 500. Hafu yavo vari kushumira vanhu. Muguta kune varimi vazhinji vaida kudzivirirwa seri kwemasvingo rakavakirirwa ugari

The guta rakakura. Akazviratidza nemisha, akavaka dzemamongi uye dzimba. Wooden Tyumen kakawanda rwakaona sokupenya remwoto. Asi kamwe zvakare azopora, otstraivaya zvakare. Achikura nzvimbo uye nawo nhamba vagari. Tyumen, vagari ava kunopera XVII - mangwanani XVIII emakore akanga vanhu vanopfuura zviuru zvitatu, ikava chikuru muzinda wezvokutengeserana kweSiberia.

Stone kuvaka kwakatanga XVIII remakore. The zambuko yakavakwa mhiri korwizi Tyumenka, vakavaka temberi itsva. Takatanga kuvaka chidhinha zvivakwa.

Muzana XIX remakore Tyumen akava chikuru maindasitiri, handicraft uye okurima muzinda Western kweSiberia. Pakanga yakagadzirwa uye yakatanga wokutanga Siberian steamer. Tyumen chiteshi pakuzivikanwa so "suo kuSiberia" nemhaka guru wepagore turnover.

Tyumen muna XX remakore

In XX remakore Tyumen rakava chikuru maindasitiri muzinda Western kweSiberia kukudziri- shipbuilding, dehwe, huni, mapuranga, hove uye makapeti-kurukiswa indasitiri. Guta rine mabhanga mazhinji. Tyumen vatengesi achishingaira mhindu zvose pamusoro Russia uye kunze. gore rose June muna Tyumen pakarongwa hombe wezvokutengeserana wakanaka, anozivikanwa yose kuSiberia.

Mukutanga XX remakore vanhu Tyumen zvasvika vanhu zviuru 30. Vakawanda vakararama pano vatengesi uye navatengesi. pepanhau City akabudisa, yemitambo, mumwe sekasi. Vachiita yemamongi, machechi 18. Masangano edzidzo dzakatangwa.

Munguva Soviet, Tyumen akava amachinda muzinda. With kuwanikwa guru deposits zvicherwa - mafuta negasi - guta akawana mamiriro guru muzinda, kubva apo kudzorwa rimwe guru mafuta uye gasi zvivako munyika.

Population Tyumen nhasi

vagari Vangani kugara Tyumen nhasi? Nokuda varambe guru chiitiko makuru kugadzira uye maindasitiri sectors, ari nokutumwa akaitwa itsva, kwezvivako kukura, zvemagariro mabasa, guta anokwezva kune voruzhinji.

Maererano Sociological tsvakurudzo, muna 2015 Tyumen vakava aitungamirira nyaya mararamiro kuRussia, kurova Kazan, Krasnodar, uye kunyange Moscow. All izvi zvinoita kuti pave nechokwadi chokuti vanhu ari kukura zvishoma nezvishoma Tyumen. Pakazopera 2015, maererano nenyanzvi, pakanga kurarama 714 zviuru. Man.