Giravhiti: asi nzira, tsanangudzo

Chaizvoizvo zvose mitumbi iri muchadenga mashiripiti simba iri, mune dzimwe nzira kunokwezva panyika (kana panzvimbo paro). Hapana kumhanya, hapana kuvanzirana Comprehensive mashiripiti giravhiti: mapuraneti mugadziriro yedu yokutenderera zuva vanokwezvwa kwete chete kune zuva guru, asi mumwe, vose zvinhu, mamorekuru, uye maatomu zviduku uye vashanduri kukwezvwa. Isaka Nyuton, anozivikanwa kunyange vana vaduku, akatsaurira upenyu hwake kuna kudzidza Fani iyi, kuisa imwe mitemo makuru - mutemo regiravhiti.

Chii giravhiti?

Definition uye fomura kwenguva refu, uye vazhinji zvinozivikanwa. Yeuka, simba regiravhiti - ndiwo mumwe ukoshi, mumwe zvepanyama kuratidzwa wesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi, kureva simba nayo muviri wose nguva dzose kukwezvwa paNyika.

Simba regiravhiti runotaurwa ne Latin tsamba F beach.

Giravhiti: asi nzira

How kuverenga simba regiravhiti, akataurirwa muviri chaiwo? Ndezvipi zvimwe zvinhu vanofanira kuziva kuti? The yemaitiro nokuti pakuverenga simba regiravhiti iri nyore, zviri kudzidziswa mugiredhi 7th pamusoro chesekondari, pakutanga nzira wefizikisi. Kuti hazvisi nyore kudzidza, asiwo kunzwisisa, zvinofanira vaifungidzira kuti simba regiravhiti, nguva dzose achiita pamusoro muviri Proportional wacho uwandu (vakawanda) zvakananga.

Unit giravhiti inonzi mushure nyanzvi huru Newton.

Giravhiti (giravhiti) anogara nezvechimwe ikarurama pakati paNyika chinoumba, nokuda kwayo nezvainoita muviri zvose noruvara nokukurumidza kuwa pasi. Chiitiko rinokwevera zvinhu pasi rinoita hwezuva nezuva muupenyu tinoona kwose kwose uye nguva dzose:

• zvinhu randomly kana zvakananga asunungurwa kubva maoko, iva nechokwadi kuwira pasi (kana chipi pechiso kunodzivisa akasununguka kuwa);
• raparurwa muchadenga Mwedzi hakuiti kubhururuka kubva nyika ive isingazivikanwi kure perpendicularly kumusoro, uye ari zvayaitenderera paguyo ari muchadenga;
• Nzizi dzose dzinoyerera kubva kumakomo uye Haigoni kudzoswa;
• Dzimwe nguva munhu anowira uye kukuvara;
• hukawanika zvose ugare kupfuura rubanzu neguruva;
• mhepo iri kusimbiswa pedyo pose;
• kutakura mabhegi;
• kubva makore uye makore dzichingochururuka mvura, chando mapopoma, chimvuramabwe.

Pamwe shoko rokuti "giravhiti", shoko rokuti "muviri uremu". Kana muviri anogona kuiswa pamusoro sandara chinjikira pamusoro, ayo uremu uye simba regiravhiti iri dziwande kuenzana, saka kakawanda vaviri dzavhiringidzika, izvo handizvo.

Kumhanyisa regiravhiti

Pfungwa yokuti 'kumhanyisa regiravhiti "(nemamwe mazwi, ari rinokweva kugara) chokuita rokuti" regiravhiti ". The yemaitiro rinoratidza kuti kuti ngaaverenge simba regiravhiti, uremu inofanira kane d (n kumhanyisa kukurukura ..).

"G" = 9,8 N / makirogiramu ari kugara. Zvisinei, kuyerwa neyakarurama anoratidza kuti nokuda pasi kutenderera kumhanyisa ukoshi tichisunga. . N zvakasiyana, zvichienderana Latitude: North Pole ndiye = 9.832 N / makirogiramu, apo panguva neequator kuchipisa = 9,78 N / makirogiramu. Saka, panguva dzakasiyana-siyana panyika muviri yakaruma guru wakaenzana, akasiyana anokanda giravhiti (chete payakavakirwa MG yasara kuzochinja). Zvinangwa zvinoshanda, kwakasarudzwa kuteerera zviduku kukanganisa zvikuru ichi, uye kushandisa neavhareji kukosha 9.8 N / makirogiramu.

Proportionality Huru yakadai rinokweva (payakavakirwa inoratidza) rinobvumira kuti kuyera uremu dynamometer chinhu (sezvinoita zvake imba bizmen). Cherechedza kuti mudziyo inoratidza chete zvazviri, sezvo kuziva chaiyo uremu unofanira kuziva kukosha romunharaunda "g".

Anoita simba regiravhiti chero (uye pedyo uye kure) kubva pakati penyika? Newton hypothesized kuti chiito muviri kunyange panguva rebei kubva pasi, asi kukosha kwayo zvinoderedza sezvo Ivan Kuchin mativi ari kure chinhu kusvikira paNyika core.

Giravhiti munyika nenyika dzinotenderera pariri

Pane dzimwe nyika dzomuchadenga giravhiti? Tsanangudzo uye Masvomhu hama kune dzimwe nyika ichiri kushanda. With musiyano chete kukosha "g" mumwe:

• Moon = 1,62 N / makirogiramu (katanhatu zvishoma yenyika);
• Neptune = 13,5 N / makirogiramu (vanenge hafu nguva kupfuura munyika);
• Mars = 3.73 N / makirogiramu (shoma anopfuura maviri nehafu nguva kupfuura nyika);
• Saturn = 10,44 N / makirogiramu;
• Mercury = 3.7 N / makirogiramu;
• Venus = 8.8 N / makirogiramu;
• Uranus = 9.8 N / makirogiramu (anenge akangofanana isu);
• Jupiter = 24 N / makirogiramu (nguva yakakwirira anenge maviri nehafu).