Linear uye non-Linear yokutevedzera yokukurukurirana

Usati wasarudza inokosha womuenzaniso kukurukurirana, zvakakodzera kunzwisisa kuti, chaizvoizvo, ndiyo kukurukurirana. Pane tsanangudzo dzakawanda iyi, rimwe nerimwe munzira kana mumwe ndozvavava izvozvo. In chinonyanya Kazhinji mashoko, kutaurirana inonzi kupanana ruzivo pakati vanhu (uye kwete chete) kushandisa kwakajairika uye anonzwisisika zviratidzo. G.Gerbner kunotsanangurwa sechinhu pasocial muitiro kuti nekuita kuburikidza mashoko, A.P.Panfilova kukurukurirana muinonzi rinokosha kupanana ruzivo, mukufamba iyo nhengo dzayo akatamisa wake mupfungwa njere uye kugutsikana. Tsanangudzo zvakasiyana aronga I.A.Richards kudana muchikurukurirana Fani apo hana nomumwe mabasa ari mupfungwa imwe, kuti tibvunze kuti chiitiko kwakafanana yake.

Kukurukurirana sezvo kudyidzana kunodiwa kunobva imwe schema kana womuenzaniso. Achisimbisa yokutevedzera kukurukurirana, zvakakodzera, kutanga, kududzwa rava bhuku wokuenzanisira «5W» American mutsvakurudzi G.Lassuella. Inoitwa yenhengo shanu:

1) kunobva mashoko (anoti);

2) zviri mashoko (rinoti);

3) nzira mashoko Exchange (mutauro, Codes, migero);

4) User mashoko mugamuchiri (uyo zvitange);

5) The chokupedzisira mugumisiro yokutaurirana (wokupedzisira mugumisiro mashoko awanika).

Kwakadaro kutaurirana zvokushambadzira dzinonzi Linear uye inozivikanwa nomumwe-pointedness, rakananga nezvainoita wacho, unowanikwa pano chete sezvo mashoko chero nzira sei nayo. Kazhinji mienzaniso yakadaro vakashorwa nokuda chokwadi kuti vari kutungamirirwa mune rimwe divi chete, uye asingagamuchiri kufungawo rinokosha chaizvo chinoumba - pakupedzisira chinangwa kwacho zvaida ari kuongorora kugona kwaro. Linear kutaurirana womuenzaniso uyewo pfungwa Dzh.Gerbner, U.Shramm, R.O.Yakobson, K.Shennon nevamwe vatsvakurudzi.

Inomira uye yechipiri boka kutaurirana avaiita. Rinosanganisira non-Linear muenzaniso pakukurukurirana: dyidzana, munda, dyidzana, etc. Russian musayendisiti Mutsindo uye philologist Bakhtin kunoburitsa pfungwa dialogic muenzaniso wokukurukurirana, iyo yakavakirwa zviviri zvinokosha kunzwisisa chirongwa uchapupu ichi.

Chekutanga, Bakhtin akataura kuti munhu anokosha kwazvo uye chinokosha chezvinonhuwira chero zvinotaura raro kukanganiswa, mutemo unoti kurapwa munhu, ndiko kuti, kuvapo muteereri, pasina iro hakungavi mutauri.

Chechipiri, chero mashoko vachinzwisisa pfungwa chete mune imwe chechinyorwa pane imwe nguva uye nzvimbo. Nemamwe mashoko, bumbiro remitemo shoko sechiratidzo roga hazvirevi chinhu uye chete musoro ari murugwaro, munhu kuverenga, pamwe kuverenga itsva pave matswa shoko. Mumwe mutsva verenga kana kuteerera asika pachako wenyaya yako.

Non-Linear dyidzana yokutevedzera kukurukurirana vari kubvunza rokuti "mashoko kutapurirwa" pacharo. Chilean mutsvakurudzi U.Maturana anotenda kuti ichi izwi chete rinoreva akasimuka mukufamba pamwe kutaurirana zvakawanda kana zvishoma yakafanana kunzwisisa chinhu wechitatu, zvikasadaro, hazvisi zvavari aifunga, nechimwe vechikamu kwacho.

Gestalt varapi kana kubata murwere uye kunzwisisa nyaya kwake munda pfungwa. Zviri mumwe yaitwa kuti anovanza mubvunzo murwere akatarisana chiremba, hama dzavo mumwe sezvo nhengo kukurukurirana mukukurukurirana, uyewo akarondedzera kutaura hwakataurwa mumaonero oga zvakaitika nerimwe upenyu. Ichi kumashure ane wemauto, kwazvakarerekera. Zvinobatsira kudzivisa zvikanganiso zviri nekuita kuzadzisa zvinodiwa mugumisiro mune mishonga basa, pasinei akasiyana vechikamu ari kuzviitira chiitiko interpersonal yokukurukurirana.

Model yokukurukurirana nevazhinji vari akakamurwa Linear uye dyidzana. Kusiyana vari kuchengetwa dzinokosha parameters ari kukurukurirana kwacho. Saka, kana zvinopa interpersonal kukurukura mhuri, vavakidzani neshamwari nhau - wose munzanga masangano. Interpersonal kukurukurirana chiso nechiso, uye vakawanda - inotumirwa siyana rwokugadzira migero, sezvamakaropafadzwa panguva kure kure. Pakupedzisira, muna interpersonal kunogona kuitwa zvakananga zvakananga kutaurirana pakati vechikamu uye kuona mhenyu mhinduro pazviri, uye ukama hwakadaro hakusi yakananga, zvisina kunanga kana kunonoka panguva kwemashoko.