Leningrad nharaunda, vagari: hwevanhu, basa uye wevanotungamirira zviratidzi

Wevanotungamirira zviratidzi - chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvinodiwa kuti dzinoongorora zvakanaka kumatunhu. Naizvozvo, masayendisiti anoongorora magariro evanhu chaizvo kuona nhamba uye uwandu hwevanhu emuchina kwete chete munyika yose, asiwo vamwe munharaunda yayo. Funga zvakataurwa vanhu Leningrad nharaunda, kuti anochinja uye ndedzipi pfungwa matambudziko wevanotungamirira munzvimbo.

Jogirafi kuti Leningrad nharaunda

Nharaunda iri mu nechokuchamhembe Russian Federation. Nzvimbo yacho nharaunda iri anenge 84 zviuru mativi makiromita. Maererano chakarurama ino, pokutanga 39th munyika. Nharaunda iri pamusoro East European Plain, hapana makomo, asi mvura yakawanda miviri yakasiyana. Nharaunda anotora 9 nzizi, pane 13 madziva zvakarurama guru, vanorwara chikamu nyika machakwi uye havaratidzi unoenderana hwevanhu. Location pedyo nemhenderekedzo ndiyo mhaka Atlantic-Continental okunze, pamwe nepakati muchando uye muchitonhorera yechirimo munharaunda gore zvose rikawira yakawanda kunonaya. ekunze kwakadaro havaratidzi inoita kuti kurima. Izvi zvakaita kuti chokwadi kuti munhoroondo yayo mundima havaratidzi ine vanhu. Nharaunda ine misha makuru shoma. Guta Leningrad nharaunda, ane vakawanda vakapfuura mufananidzo 50 zviuru, zvinogona kuverengwa kusvika kushanu chete: pane 7 chete.

Nhoroondo Leningrad Region ugari

Wokutanga kupaka mugove vanhu munharaunda ano Leningrad Region ndeyemunguva Mesolithic. Muchiuru chemakore chokutanga BC mumunda, iyo nhasi anozivikanwa seMagwaro Leningrad nharaunda, vagari anotanga kurarama ndakagara upenyu. Vanhu aidaro mombe maberekero, kuvhima, kuunganidzwa, vaiva vamiririri Finno-Ugric madzinza. Muzana 6th remakore AD pamusoro munharaunda kuuya Slavs, uyo vakagara pamwe nzizi Luga, Oredezh uye pedo madhamu. Asi sokuvapo kugarwa yakanga ichiparara chaizvo. With kukura Novgorod State uwandu ramangwana vagari Leningrad nharaunda inokura. Pane akavaka masvingo pamusoro vachirwisa vemadzinza kuchamhembe. Pakupera remakore rechi15, idzi dzakanga yakatora kuna Moscow umambo, asi zvino anotanga humwe hurongwa Colonisation. Part nemashizha zvichikonzerwa nezvinoitwa nemauto kuSweden, uye Slavs akawedzera guru yokutama Scandinavians. Muzana remakore rechi18, pashure kudzoka kunyika Russian, Peter anotanga kuvaka guta idzva pano, zvichiita kuti Kuwedzera vasvika itsva vanhu vose pamusoro munharaunda Russian Empire uye kuenda zhinji yeSweden zvizvarwa zvavo. Gare gare, muna Leningrad nharaunda dzinenge dzaiva hapana zviitiko zvinokosha kukanganisa yokutama chavagari, kunze pokutapwa reFinnish nevanhu muna 1929 pamwe accession wenyika Karelian nyika. Pashure peHondo Yenyika II, idzi zviri kushingaira kuitwa dzakabudirira, misha itsva, nhamba vagari kunowedzera.

Administrative-miganhu weboka Leningrad Region

Pamberi chimurenga, pamusoro munharaunda ano Leningrad nharaunda dzichengeterwe shanu enyika: St. Petersburg, muPskov, Cherepovets, Murmansk uye Novgorod. Papera miganhu nokupesana hurongwa kaviri kuchinja siyana. Munguva Soviet pakanga dzinounzwa maruwa 17 uye maguta 19 remunharaunda kuzviisa pasi. Kubvira 2006, zvakanga vakasuma mutsva, mbiri-weDanho hurongwa administrative mapoka Russian Federation. Mune imwe Leningrad nharaunda Borough makanzuru uye 17 vakanga dzoga 61 guta 138 uye akagara. Panguva iyoyowo St. Petersburg dunhu iri pasi yeUnited hwaHerodhi uye, kunyange zvayo makemikari chokuita nzvimbo chiri administrative pfungwa kunze izvozvo. Saka, inofanira kufungwa nezvawo vagari nzvimbo uye nevanhu St. Petersburg.

Leningrad nharaunda munhoroondo yacho, vaifanira kuenda kuburikidza vakawanda kuchinja administrative kupesana. Paiva anokwana zviyero itsva, vamwe anyangarika, nguva nenguva yakaitika renaming. Leningrad nharaunda, vanhu vakajaira chokwadi kuti neapo kuchinja kero dzavo.

Total vokuparidzira

Nhoroondo zvaanorumbidza mukuwanda vagere Russia kunotangira panguva Mongol nechisimba. Zvisinei, imwe yoga mashoko panyaya siyana, kusanganisira Leningrad nharaunda, akaonekwa chete nguva veSoviet. Nokuti kuti nharaunda kanoverengeka pamusoro makore simba eSoviet zvakachinja nemiganhu yayo, nhamba oga yakarurama pamusoro nhamba vagari ikoko. Nhasi, zvachose Vagari ari Leningrad Region vanhu 1,778,890 (maererano nenhamba kuti 2016).

Dynamics uye uwandu hwevanhu arambe achirema

Kubvira muna 1926, ari hwakanyatsorwisa nguva nhamba iri yevagari rinomutsa iri USSR. Mumakore nhamba vagari zvakachinja kakawanda. Pakutanga, zvakanga mamiriyoni 2,8, 28 gore, nhamba iyi amuka (anoonga accession pakati yakarwiwa panzvimbo inonzi Karelia uye Leningrad) kusvika mamiriyoni 6. Uye muna 1959 vakawira zvikuru kusvika mamiriyoni 1,2 nezvichaitika muchiuto nezvinhu uye kubviswa pakati Leningrad nharaunda. Munguva Soviet, Leningrad nharaunda, uko vagari rakakura zvishoma nezvishoma, akaratidza kukura zvakanaka nhamba - anenge vagari 1000 pagore. Mune imwe nguva kugadzirisa, uyewo munyika, munhu akaipa kuitika yaiitwa munzvimbo. Yakanga chete muna 2010, nhamba zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga kukura. Yevagari arambe achirema muna Leningrad mudunhu panguva vanhu 21.2 paminiti mativi kiromita. Izvi 45 nzvimbo muRussia kubvira 85 zvinobvira. The soro arambe achirema iri kuchengetwa muna St. Petersburg yemo nharaunda, nechokumabvazuva nyaya kuvaduku vakawanda.

dzinza sezvamunoita

On hwaro "rudzi" of Leningrad nharaunda anoongororwa chete kubva 1959. Panguva ino, nharaunda yakanga yatova zvachose Russified, nguva siyana dzinza vaenda. Paavhareji, panguva Soviet nguva pakati vagari yacho vanenge 90% of Russian vemo. Munguva 2000s, nhamba iyi ungaderedza zvishoma - kusvika 86%, zvichida nokuda vakasvika kushanda vanhu Central Asia. Wechipiri soro nhamba dziri Ukrainian - 1,8%, pazuva rechitatu - Belarusians (kumativi 1%), ipapo akaenda mapoka maduku Pave: wechiTatar, Armenian, Uzbeks Azerbaijanis Finns, etc ...

Polo-zera womuenzaniso

Leningrad nharaunda, rune vanhu vane waivako iri pedyo zvakafanana unhu dzimwe nharaunda, maererano nezera uye pabonde parameters vagari rinoreva mhando nokukwegura. Nhamba yevanhu pasi kushanda zera anenge 16%, uye vagari zera achishanda - vanenge 23%. Nokuti kuti kuberekwa mwero haasati kufukidza musiyano uyu, tinogona kutaura kuti tarisiro yokuti rejuvenation chavagari achiri simba chaizvo. Sex akaparadzirwa munyika Leningrad munharaunda uyewo kazhinji rinobatana pamwe nemiitiro munyika. Kuwanda kwevakadzi akapfuudza nhamba yevanhu Paavhareji ne 1,2. Vazhinji vakuru vakaroorana (55%), uye nechirikadzi ndiyo 5 nguva yakakura kupfuura varume vakafirwa. Kurima uyewo mukuru pakati pavakadzi kupfuura pakati pavanhu.

Demographics

Wembereko - anokosha wevanotungamirira chakarurama, izvo zvinoratidza mwero kubudirira mudunhu. Social Protection of Leningrad dunhu - nyaya musi. The akakodzera Committee anoti kuti kubvira 2011 kuberekwa mwero mundima yavo iri kuwedzera, kunyange mwero shoma inenge 2 paminiti 1,000 vagari. Asi, maererano Zvaifungidzirwa kuti evanhu, kuberekwa mwero kuchaita kutsauka zvishoma mumakore anouya.

Wechipiri kukosha mufananidzo - mwero wokufa kwevanhu. Kwemakore anoverengeka muzana remakore rechi21 zviri Leningrad mudunhu akacherekedza rutapudzo munyama. Asi muna 2014 zvakare vakatanga kuwedzera nhamba yevanofa, uye zvinotarisirwa kuti ichi muitiro acharamba inotevera 5 years. Saka, pane ari Leningrad nharaunda iri dzinongoitika kuderera vemo, vanenge 5 vanhu zvose zviuru vagari. Kutama kukura mumakore achangodarika yawedzera, evanhu cherechedza kuti kunouya yakawanda vakadzi zera rokubereka, rinopa tariro kuti mamiriro ezvinhu zvichanaka nokukurumidza nembereko. Zvinotisimbisa pakukura vanotama - Ukraine, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova. Nyanzvi dzezvemagariro evanhu kufungidzira zvishomanana kuderera Vashanyi yakafanira matambudziko pabasa pamusika.

Life anotarisirwa - wechitatu chinokosha chokuratidza kuti zvakanaka mudunhu. Sezvo zvinhu kumira naye vaiona nyaya Russian Federation? Average upenyu hunotarisirwa muna Leningrad Region makore 70,2: vakadzi kurarama makore anenge 75, varume - makore 64.

Data zvose izvi zvinoratidza kuti Leningrad nharaunda, apo vagari iri kukwegura zvishoma nezvishoma zvinopinda zvinonakisa Russian muitiro. Region achiri havagoni kuenda kune zvibereko wechiduku mhando, uye pane zvikonzero zvakawanda socio-zvoupfumi.

kuparadzirwa VOKUPARIDZIRA

Nhasi, vanhu vari Leningrad nharaunda anogara mumaguta. Maererano nemashoko ose Statistics, guta rine vanhu vanhu 1.142.400, uye kumaruwa - 636,5 zviuru vanhu. Chikamu chakakura vemo rinopedza pedyo St. Petersburg, apo unogona kuwana nani kubhadhara basa. Misha Human munharaunda, nezvinodiwa Russian, muri kazhinji mupfupi. Mune Leningrad nharaunda mumaguta ose 31, rine vanhu vanopfuura zviuru 10 vanhu, uye kwete apo vagari vanopfuura zviuru 100 kunge vakanyorwa.

basa

Maererano evanhu kuchengetedzwa mabasa, muna 2016 basa iri Leningrad Region rakaitirwa yechinangwa nenhamba-Russian zvose, asi pane misiyano. Urovha iri 4.6 muzana, riri zvishoma kuvatumwa munyika. Pane kwevaongorori nhamba iyi munguva pfupi achamuka 5.1% nokuda matambudziko munyika zvoupfumi.

Employment mamiriro iri sezvinotevera: 21% yevanhu anoshanda mukugadzira, kutengeserana ane 11% of nharaunda, 9% rokuvaka uye zvokufambisa, 8% - dzidzo, uye 7% zveutano uye kurima. Kazhinji, sechivako basa rinoenderana avhareji nokuda indices Russian, asi nzvimbo yacho underdeveloped mutsa maindasitiri, izvo zvinogona kuwedzera nhamba mabasa.