Kwemasimba vakaderera unyanzvi uye mumhanzi. Vakaderera Art - zviri ...

WeNazi izwi nokuda chains-garde nounyanzvi - "vakaderera unyanzvi". Adolf Hitler nezvomunda Bolshevik unyanzvi, Jewish, Anti-munzanga, uye saka ngozi chaizvo Aryans.

Kurwisa degenerates

Cultural Policy kuti hurumende yaHitler rakarambidzwa uye vakaparadza zvose mabasa ounyanzvi ano, uye vaimbi pachavo vakatambudzwa uye vaidzvinyirirwa. Mukurwisa chinopedza uri vachishingaira vaiitawo gurukota anoparadzirwa uye dzidzo kuGermany, Yozef Gebbels.

Kwemasimba wakaipa uri 1937, yakaitirwa Berlin, kwaiva kuratidza sei zvinosemesa uye kukodzera vaiva zvinobikwa kukura Germany. Zvino unogona kudana izvi mabasa chains-garde, asi panguva yacho chains-garde, kuti ari kuenda mberi, vakaona pachavo sezvo vaNazi.

Vakaderera Art. Paintings akarambidzwa

Vakaderera Art hunomirirwa mifananidzo inoratidza mifananidzo yevanhu akavhiringika, musoro, kana kwete asipo. Iyi yakanga iri huru yokuona wokusarudza zvinoratidza ndisingadiwi. Kuzvidzwa munyori zvinomutsa depreciation pakati mifananidzo yevanhu uye runako, kusada kufuridzira mabasa ake, kudana zvakapembererwa, kurera mudzimu vanhu.

Murume akakwana unyanzvi uye upenyu

kumiririrwa yeNazi munhu akakwana zvakafanana maonero vazivi vakawanda, achirondedzera simba, utano uye dzakanaka vanhu. Kunyange Hellas yekare akarumbidza runako muviri womunhu, rakakwana mumuviri nepakunamata.

Hwakakwana muviri sezvo porusvingo ounyanzvi akaongorora Lessing uye Hoggart, Leonardo uye Dürer. bepa ravo anorondedzera kunyange yakanaka kukura muviri womunhu, zvinotiswededza shure kubvumirana kare, izvo anosimudzirwa nevaNazi. Nokuda Mutsinhirano ichi, wakachena rudzi uye pasi wakakura zvikuru kutsoropodza vakaderera art. Chirevo rakanga kuti mifananidzo vari pasi mhosva, kuzvidza munhu anoratidza kudzikisirana ari munhu, izvozvo mhosva ndizvo ichi, kwete yose chains-garde unyanzvi uye utsanzi.

Panguva iyoyo, clover anopa kutiza kwebudiriro shure wechokwadi midzi vanhu, akafanotaura pokuwa tsika dzokuMadokero. Uye zvechokwadi, vemifananidzo zhinji panguva vaiva nechido dzinza okugadzira zvinhu, chido pechishamani uye madzinza chinyakare utsinye. Kana toreva zvingaita sezvinoshamisa kuti, asi kuteterera chinyakare vemifananidzo, akaridza kwese, flattened mhosva pakasikwa vakaderera art.

achiparadza zvakaipa

Hitler asati akashora zhinji iwe munozvidza chiremera kwevanhu, akakodzera mufananidzo, asi kutambudzwa ichi uye kuparadzwa kusvikira hazvina. Chero zvakanga, wakaipa iwe akapona, tichiri pamwe mubereko, kunyange nguva dzose nenzwisiso Kutarira kuratidzira ake. Mabasa mhosva nevaNazi, vanoonekwa ounyanzvi ounyanzvi. Zviya, pasingadiwi chigadzirwa munhu akaparadza dzakawanda kuunganidzwa chinopedza Ndimi zvakashandisa nevaNazi, akatengeswa muUnited States, uye chimwe chikamu chakanga inopiswa nomoto.

Magamba dzakasiyana

nguva dzose kukura tsika kwakachengetwa chifananidzo yakajeka munhu kukosha kwete chete vemifananidzo, asi vanyori, vazivi, vezvematongerwo enyika, ideologists. Kuchinja nguva naye uye kushandura mufananidzo akakodzera murume.

Italy Renaissance condottiere akasiya mufananidzo, mutsvene, vatengesi. Germany mufananidzo muparidzi, mugari. England - muchimiro kwomumwe wechokwadi. Spain - mu yemamongi nzira kana muchimiro anokudzwa jendurumani. Russia ine mufananidzo muvaki, ane murwi pfungwa. Munyika dzakasiyana, dzakasiyana nguva mifananidzo yake, akanaka uye wakajeka, risingakanganwiki nokuda kwayo Akasununguka.

VaNazi vaiedza kuvaka zvose panhurikidzwa zvaidikanwa yose muitiro, kusanganisira unyanzvi. Economic zvakwakanakira uwirirane enyika maonero, ichi zvaida chivimbo uye wakaipa iwe kuti haana kupa pasi. iwe kwakadaro hakuna vaida zvikuru, somugumisiro nekambani makirisito gobvu vakakakatira Pseudoclassical uri muchimiro zvakajeka mavara. Saka, wakaipa iwe - zvose hakukodzeri zvavaisiita maonero kwevaNazi.

Kwemasimba vakaderera unyanzvi uye mumhanzi

Rakaitirwa Munich, ari kuratidza, akarongeka nechinangwa kuratidza zvose kuipa yose unyanzvi, yakakonzera nebope guru pakati kosi kwegore zvakanzi akashanyira vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni matatu ne. Panguva iyoyowo, nokuti kusiyana kukuru, muna Palace of Arts, vakabata mumwe pashoo "The mukuru German unyanzvi." The pashoo rinoratidza zvinopfuura 900 Exhibits, akasarudzwa pachake naAdolf Hitler. On the pamatende kuratidza mauto kufamba petsanga muGermany, mifananidzo mumaruwa uye madhorobha upenyu, akashama vakadzi kwese Nordic runako uye zvakawanda zvinhu vaNazi vangafarira pfungwa imwe vanoremekedzwa German mugari. In chete makore mashoma pakutambudzwa Hitler angaita kusingaenzaniswi kufarira chains-garde nounyanzvi.

Kuwedzera Painters mifananidzo raibva chinopedza uri chivezwa, mumhanzi, cinema. Zvose, maererano vaNazi, aisashanda, kukodzera, pasi, rave semhosva vakaderera art.

Muna 1938, munyika Düsseldorf, vaNazi akazarura kwemasimba vakaderera music! Her basa raiva kukurudzira ruvengo zvisingakoshi zvitaera zvenziyo uye vanyori vavo. Kwave kukurukurwa caricatures, mapepa, playbills, uyo akashora kunaka mumhanzi uye ayo creators. Pane vakatomboda vakapakata dumba chaiyo apo unogona kuona woga kuti mumhanzi uyu chinopedza, vachiteerera naye. By chakaremara mabasa vakatakura mabasa kubudikidza Stravinsky uye Hindemith, Mendelssohn uye Washington. Pasi kurambidzwa aiva "The Threepenny Opera", sezvo munyori akanga ari muJudha. Vaiona kutadza uye Jazz mumhanzi, sezvo vaiva vatema, uye zvakanga zvakaipa Nazi utongi rudzi.

Kubvuma sanduko zvakafanorongwa mitemo

The pashoo yacho yakatsaurirwa kuna "mimhanzi Imperial Congress" rakaitirwa Düsseldorf kuti kamwe zvakare kutamba pamusoro Asi sezvo munyaya kupenda. VaNazi ainetseka pernicious kwaiitika United States mimhanzi zvizvarwa zvokuGermany. Asi anosarudza vaida Third Reich degenerates akaita nokungwaririra pamusoro dzavatorwa negwaro. A muenzaniso unoshamisa raiva Hungarian munyori antifascist Bartok. Pasinei nemashoko ake kuti hurumende yaHitler, hazvina chete unorambidzwa, asiwo akaramba kuita mabasa ake ose pamusoro nyika, sezvo Hungarians panguva iyoyo vaiva vatsigiri Germany.

Kusiyana vakaderera muri kuratidzwa, kwemasimba vakaderera mumhanzi akanga hachizobudiriri, uye vhiki nhatu uye akavharwa zvachose. Uye mabasa makuru "degenerates" vari ounyanzvi mumazuva edu.