Kutungamirirwa naStanislavsky: "Handitendi", - mutsara wakaita kuti ataurwe

Konstantin Sergeevich Stanislavsky: "Handitendi!" Kungotaura kwaMayakovsky chete kuna Lenin nekambani kunogona kufananidzwa nekubatanidzwa uku. Kana tikazvinyora zvishoma, tinowana zvinotevera - zvakakosha chete kunzwa mazwi maviri nezvekusatenda kwechimwe chinhu, zita, patronymic uye zita rezita remusimboti weMoscow Art Theatre anonzi pashure pake anononoka mumusoro mangu . Chekhov.

Kuwanda kwemashoko

Kana munhu asingazivi chinhu pamusoro pemutungamiriri uyu, pamusoro peShoko rake rinozivikanwa nenyika, acharamba achiwedzera mutsetse wekutanga wechipiri. Nokuti "Stanislavsky" uye "Handitendi" - mapatya maviri. Uyu mutsara unokonzera Konstantin Alekseev (iyi ndiro zita rechokwadi) raishandiswa mune zvidzidzo zvekugadzirisa nekudzokorora kwemitambo. Mutsara uyu hauna kumuita mukurumbira, kuzivikanwa kwake kwakaunza tarenda, akamuita iye akakurumbira uye akatorwa pasi pose, kunze kweiyo yehutano.

Memory of the director

Alekseevs anozivikanwa nezita reTsarist Russia. Baba - mukuru wemabhizimusi, muzukuru - mutevedzeri weMoscow, mhuri yakanga yakabatana naTrtyakovs naMamontovs - vanozivikanwa zvikuru. Icho chaive chaicho "chivara cheRussia", umo, sezvinozivikanwa, pakanga pasina vaporofita. Inoramba ichishamisika kuti mumiri wevakuru uye vekushanda vakuru vanogona sei kudzivisa kutambudzwa. Kunyange zvakadaro, akagamuchira zvipo zvehurumende yose, musoro wevadzidzi uye vanyori vevanhu. Zita rake rakapiwa mumigwagwa mumaguta akawanda, mhemberero yekuyeuka inobudiswa, kune zvipo zvezita rake - mubayiro weMoscow International Film Festival "Ndinotenda. Konstantin Stanislavsky ». Kwemakore akawanda mave nemakore ekutumidza zita rake. Iyi ndiyo mitambo yemitambo, iyo iyo mitambo yakanakisisa yenyika inounzwa. Mutsara usingakanganwiki wevanhu vari kubvunza chimwe chinhu: "Handitendi, sezvinonzi Stanislavsky akati," yakava mapapiro. Chikamu chake chokutanga, chakataura zvakasiyana, chinonzwika chisina kunaka uye chinyadzisa. Asi mumutumbi ane zita rinoshungurudza nzeve nekunzwira tsitsi uye kunotsvaga pamusana pekudzidzira kwemukatikati.

Kutanga kweMoscow Art Theater

Muna 1898, ava nemakore makumi matatu, Konstantin Sergeevich pamwe naNemirovich-Danchenko vakatanga nheyo itsva yeMoscow Art Theatre. Pamberi pavo mubvunzo wekuvandudzika kwemaikirwo emasikirwo anobuda. Uye Stanislavsky anotanga kusika Shanduro yake yakakurumbira, uyo ane chinangwa chokuita kuti vateereri va "chokwadi cheupenyu". Izvo zvinoshamisa, pfungwa inokosha yedzidziso iyi, inofanirwa kuti isati iite basa, asi kuti iyanise zvizere nayo. Kuongororwa kwebasa revadzidzisi pazvinyorwa zvaive mutsara Stanislavsky akakanda achiti: "Handitendi." Nhamba yepazinyoreji yekuti yakadaro-inzvimbo yakachengetedzwa. Pane chiitiko chekutamba "Tartuffe", kugadzirwa kwekupedzisira kwaKonstantin Sergeyevich, uye anopa mazano kumubati wechechi yemitambo V. Bendina, uyo anotamba naDorin, kuti avete pachigamba sezvo iye pachake angazoreva nhema muhupenyu hwake. Zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana. Muvanze muna 1938, gore rekufa kwemukuru mukuru. Kunyange Nemirovich-Danchenko, ane hukama hwakakanganiswa zvachose kwemakore akawanda (ushamwari hwavo-ruvengo rwakanyatsorondedzerwa muM M. Bulgakov's Theatrical Novel), yakataura mutsara unozivikanwa: "Osiroteli". Stanislavsky akafa. "Handitendi" kune vateereri havasati vati hapana.

Zvinyorwa Zvakanaka

Asi chikoro chakaramba chiripo, sangano raKonstantin Sergeyevich rakasara, iro rakaumba hwaro hwekodzero yeRussia inyanzvi. Kunyatsoshandiswa kwake kunotsanangurwa mubhuku rinonzi "Upenyu Hwangu MuAkadhi" uye "The Work of Actor Over Self." Zvidzidzo zveMakhatov mhembwa mbiri dzakakurumbira zvakatsanangurwa zvakadzama nemunhu ane tarenda yemutambo we Toporkov uye anomiririra uchapupu hwakajeka hwehuwandu hwebasa romutungamiriri nevatambi.

Mutambo wemuAmerican muimbi haugone kuenzaniswa nekupisa kwechido nekuvimbika nemhizha yeRussian artists, vakafa uye vapenyu, vakadai saPlyatt, Popov, Makovetsky, Efremov. Vanongova nemamwe mabasa makuru. Panyaya dzakawanda, zvose zvekune dzimwe nyika uye zvekumba, hazvisi kuenda zvachose. Munyaya iyi, kunyange usimbe kutaura mutsara uyu: "Sezvo Stanislavsky akati," Handitendi ", nokuti iye achiri kutaura nezve" unyanzvi hwakanaka ", vatambi vakanaka kana vakaipa vanotamba.

Chipo chinoshamisa cheStanislavsky

Sevanhu vane tarenda, Konstantin Sergeevich aiva nekwanisi mune zvose. Mumakore ake maduku akashanda kwemazuva mazhinji pafekitari yababa vake uye akasimuka kusvika pachigaro chemutungamiriri. Zvigadzirwa zvakabudiswa nehuwandu hwekugadzira zvinhu zvakanga zvisingasviki nenyika yekunaka - dzakabudisa fesi yakaisvonaka yegoridhe nesirivha - chikonzero chekugadzirwa kwemakwenzi. Zvose manheru dzakapiwa mukana wekutamba paAlekseevs 'Theatre. Rudo rwekuita, sezviri pachena, uye tarenda Stanislavsky akawana kubva kuna mbuya-muFrance mufananidzo Marie Varley. Gare gare, Konstantin Sergeyevich akadzidza mapurasitiki nemashoko, akaimba zvakanaka. Imwe yemitambo yakanakisisa yemimhanzi yenyika ine zita rake nezita raNemirovich-Danchenko. Imwe nyanzvi yakakurumbira ane chiremba uye anovandudza mashizha emitambo, Stanislavsky aiva mutevedzeri ane zvipo. Nhamba dzemaitiro ake akakurumbira akapinda munyika yebasa rekuvada (somuenzaniso, Old Man). Akange akacherechedza kubva kune yekutanga yezvigadzirwa zvemhizha. Zvisinei, muna 1916 iye anogumisa zvachose basa remabasa. Chimwe chikamu chakaitwa kamwe chete - chakamanikidzwa, pachitarisiko chemaitambo kunze kwenyika. Kune vose, kupera kwakasimba kwekuitwa pachigamba, uye mushure mokudzokorora kwakanaka, kusanganisira kuongorora kukuru, kunoramba kusingazivikanwi. Yaiva basa raRostanev kubva kuDostoevsky's "Village of Stepanchikovo," pamusoro peaakashandira kwegore. Tinofanirwa kufungidzira kuti Konstantin Sergeyevich kokutanga akataura mutsara wakadaro wakanga uchizivikanwa, achizvireva achiti: "Stanislavsky, handitendi." Asi haana kusiya basa remutungamiriri uye wesayenzi kweupenyu hwake hwose. Mushure mokufa, imwe yevanakisisa masayenzi enyika, inozivikanwa System, chikoro chake cheyanzvi chemitambo, vadzidzi vane ruzivo uye mabhuku akangwara akagara. Uye nokusingaperi kwaiva nemutsara, chiratidzo chekusava nechokwadi mune chimwe chinhu kana kusavimba - "Handitendi".