Kushandiswa kwoupfumi of Ob River. Description uye Characterization kunoitwa aqueous yorwizi

Zvinoitwa rwizi Ob, kupiwa zvakawanda mabhuku uye mabhuku, kunoratidza kuti anopa norwizi ndiwo confluence of Biya uye Katun, riri muna Altai. Nepo vamwe hydrologists, kubvira mamwe mashoko nharo kuti mvura iyerere inotangira yakasiyana nzvimbo. Kureba - 3,650? Km. Kana tinofunga uyewo Irtysh River (chikuru mutero of Ob), ipapo pamwe chete ndivo wakarebesa rwizi yeRussian Federation, uye rinenge kupfuura norwizi Asia (nzvimbo yechipiri). kureba ravo 5410? km. Muromo Gungwa Kara, muna confluence pamwe Gulf izvo vakaumba refu 800 makiromita, inozivikanwa se "Gulf of Ob."

tsananguro pfupi

Ob ane mbiri Bends kupfuura saizi izvo kuumbwa panguva mharadzano of Altai nharaunda. Rwizi akapfuma vabati vechibharo. Vane meandering rwizi, jecha anotambanudza uye zvakarurama pahupamhi mumipata. Nemhaka dzakawanda dzavakuru zvose rechibharo, uye kuerera, kukosha muviri iyi mvura kuti hurumende rinosvika vaifanira.

Kuti uvandudze kushandiswa Ob River zvoupfumi, mai yakavakwa, nokuda iyo kuerera hurumende iri zvachose wakaputsika.

chikafu

Ob rwizi uchaguta kuburikidza utsotso chando. mvura soro repamusoro uye pakati chikamu norwizi inotanga muna April, nechepasi - muna May. Nokuda -oma mvura pamwero kunowedzera kuerera. Pashure rokuizarura anosvika dzinonetsa chiratidzo uye rwizi runofashukira mahombekombe arwo. Zvisinei, izvi hahugari refu.

Kazhinji anotanga muzhizha yakaderera mvura nguva. In okumusoro kunosvika yemafashame muna July kunoguma muna September - mafashamo. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika rwizi nokuda madzvotsvotsvo yakakwirira mvura pamwero anogona kuchengeta pamberi Ndinoda-up.

jogirafi

Pakutanga norwizi nokuti Ob rwizi dzichichinja rukova runoyerera rwokumusoro, zvino kwaanoda kumaodzanyemba. Nokuda kuti ine zvakasiyana simba, hunhu mambure uye maumbirwo muoti, pane kupesana zvikamu zvitatu: repamusoro, yakaderera uye pakati.

Kuti zvakanaka chidzore kuerera nzira, kadhi zvinodiwa Ob River. Inoyerera kuburikidza Altay, uye ayo gwara kunosvika muNovosibirsk uye Tomsk nharaunda. It inobudisa Khanty-Mansiysk nharaunda, inoyerera nomumaguta akawanda. Zvadaro anotanga Delta pakati norwizi, riri muna Yamal-Nenets zvionera District. Washing dzomumisha pedyo, rukova akawedzera uye runoyerera kupinda Sea Kara.

Zvinoitwa rwizi Ob inoti chaizvoizvo zviri chikamu Katun, kureva ayo kuenderera. rwizi Ndiro huru tsinga yacho Altai Territory. Navigable mune dzimwe nzvimbo.

The Kushandiswa Ob River zvoupfumi

Muna 1961, rimwe dhamu yakavakwa chaiko Novosibirsk yemapurisa. Nemhaka yake, akaumba gungwa (dzakakurumbira rinonzi Sea Ob), iyo yava kushandiswa zvinodiwa vemo. Paivakwa mai zvave ichizadza mumusha uye chikamu Berdsk, taundi pedyo. akasika pagungwa Zvino zororo revashanyi veko; yakavakwa pamusoro dzarwo vakawanda nekwevanorwa pfungwa uye nhandaro nzvimbo.

Muzana XIX remakore yakanga yakaumbwa Ob-Yenisei Canal, iyo vakaronga nokubatanidza Yenisei uye Ob. Zvisinei, panguva iyoyo hazvina kukosha uye akasiya zvachose.

Ob yaro Gulf of Ob Bay akapfuma hove: 50 dzemarudzi kurarama pano. Nokuti chokuti aqueous rukova une mukuru Kuwanda ngozi zvinhu uye shoma okisijeni, vamwe vamiririri mhuka zvomumvura kufa. Uyezve, nokuda inokuvadza kushandiswa rwizi kwevanhu kubereka hove shoma zvikuru. Zvisinei, mvura iyerere ichiri imwe yakanakisisa nenzvimbo hove.

The Kushandiswa Ob rwizi zvoupfumi anosarudza nzvimbo yaro. Nokuda kuti runoparara pamusoro chinokosha chikamu Russian Federation, mvura inoshandiswa dzakawanda.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

On mvura iyerere hakusi kare, muna 2008, pakava dutu. Kubvira ipapo, nguva dzose kuenda mumhepo vortex parwizi nzvimbo.

Mune rimwe remaguta, riri pamahombekombe ari Ob River, zvakanzi yakavakwa muna 1930 ne rakasiyana dura "Mastodon". peculiarity Its uvete nzira kuvakwa: pasi kuvakwa hazvina kushandiswa nezvipikiri. Zvisinei, kuchengeta chivako ichi zvevakomana havana kugona, zviri inopiswa mangwanani 90s.

Kushandiswa rwizi Ob zveupfumi zvakawedzera pashure pakuvaka Metro zambuko. Ichi chaiwo nomungoro zambuko, iyo rinounza pamwechete wandei zvengarava. Its kureba mamita 2000, ndokusaka ari wakarebesa munyika. In yechando, nokuda mamiriro okunze, kureva simba tembiricha nokufamba, Metro zambuko iri zvishoma aiitwa maduku, muzhizha - iri kuwedzera. Kuti izvi zviitike chaiye ichishanda, akashongedzerwa nokutsigira rollers kuti kubvumira famba mamiriro.

The pasi iri jecha norwizi anenge yose munzvimbo. dzimwe nguva chete unogona vanogumburwa rifts uye nezano. Nyaya iyi ndiwo maitiro nokuti mugove pakati Ob Barnaul uye Biysk. Kana mvura inosvika mukuru kumiswa mucherechedzo, uye kodzero pamahombekombe kubatwa mafashamo. Chechipiri nguva, umo kunounza-pamwero kuwedzera padanho mvura inowira muna June, kana kubvunda mazitombo echando uye chando pamakomo. Kwemasikati-up kunotanga November, uye pamusoro kutsime chando rinosvika 130 masendimita ari ukobvu.