Kukura inogona kutsanangurwa nenzira yakarurama kusuduruka. The parameters upfumi kukura

kukura Economic inogona kutsanangurwa nenzira kuwedzera musika kukosha muno anogadzirwa zvinhu uye mabasa. Uye kugadziridzwa kuti mitengo, kubvisa nyaya depreciation mari. Kakawanda, upfumi akanaka inorangarira kuchinja chaiko chakakomba mumhuri chigadzirwa pa capita.

Chokwadi, zvakadaro nzira Statistical kunyatsoongorora kukura vane zvakanakira nekuipira. Somuenzaniso, apo kuyera kukura Via GDP haadi kufunga nokufamba kuti kuitika mukati nguva kuti pakuverenga chakakomba mumhuri chigadzirwa.

typology

Kana National upfumi kukura kwakakonzerwa kuti rikurumidze kushandisa zviwanikwa, kunonzi zvikuru. Zviri achifudza ichi kuwedzera munyika. Kana GDP ndokukura nokuda rakawedzera kushandisa zvinhu okuwana, kunonzi yakakura. budiriro iyi haigoni kugara refu, sezvo zvinhu zviri kwezvinoshandiswa zvakasimba zvakakwana.

GDP somunhu determinant

Kukura inogona kufananidzwa kuwedzera chakakomba mumhuri chigadzirwa. Zvingava nokuda zvose zvakawanda uye ndichibvunza kukura. A neyakarurama chakarurama iri pa capita. GDP anonzi kupangidza zvachose musika kukosha zvose yokupedzisira zvinhu uye mabasa anobudiswa munyika panguva imwe nguva. Iye chezita uye zvechokwadi. More zvakarurama zvinoratidza chokwadi chechipiri.

kukura Economic inogona kutsanangurwa nenzira nokuchinja GDP chaiyo pa capita, sezvo mufananidzo uyu inorangarira mitengo uye mararamiro evanhu. National masangano Statistical enyika dzakawanda munyika, uyewo mamwe masangano dzakawanda kuita tinyatsonzwisisa chakarurama ichi. The chikuru zvakaipira ari GDP sechinhu determinant kwezvoupfumi kukura ndechokuti zvinoratidza Rwako, kwete mumatanda. Zvinoitawo asingachengeti pamusana kwezvakatipoteredza kusvibiswa nokuda zvekushandisa mberi, kugovera mari mukati munzanga, "kuchena" uye "dema" pamisika, ari kuzviitira waguta hwevanhu.

Zvinhu kuwedzera chakakomba mumhuri chigadzirwa

kukura Economic zvinogona kunzi kuwedzera basa negoho, kusimba basa vanhu, chikamu anobatwa zera vemo uye kuderera mune rovha. The kuwedzera zvakakomba mumhuri chigadzirwa kunoratidza yaisanganisa kwechirwere izvi zvinokonzera National upfumi. Kwezvinhu zviri kuwedzera mutengo kwenhumbi uye mabasa anobudiswa, ceteris paribus. Maererano Robert Solow, mberi kwezvinhu chinokonzera 80% mari chete capita kukura muna US nevanhu pamusoro kwenguva.

Ndoda ane kunokanganisa rine pamusoro inivhesitimendi. Kana kusimba basa, zviri akayera kwenhamba basa maawa. Zvimwe zvinoita chokuita GDP ikure wevanotungamirira kuchinja vanogara mamiriro.

The parameters upfumi kukura

kukura Economic inogona kuonekwa kuwedzera zvinotevera parameters:

• Real zvakakomba epamba chigadzirwa pa capita. On chakarurama ichi, Takataura zvizere rokupedzisira chikamu, saka ini anozodzidza vamwe. It akaenzana uwandu kudyiwa hurumende mari, mari uye mambure kunze kwenyika, yakakamurwa nokuwanda vemo.
• The mari kupa yakasiyana liquidity ari upfumi.
• Mutengi mutengo indekisi. nyika imwe neimwe rinozivisa mumiririri yakatarwa kwenhumbi uye mabasa, saka migumisiro Masvomhu havasi akafanana nguva dzose. Zvisinei, zvinoratidza pachena kuti chikamu kukura kushaya nani mamiriro ezvoupfumi uye mitengo.
• Indekisi mugadziri mitengo. Zvakafanana yapfuura chakarurama, asi zvinoratidza mari bhizimisi.

• Indekisi mitengo zvavaitarisira. paakati ichi inoratidza zvomurayiro vatengi vanenge mangwana. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kutarisirwa mitengo mwero zviri nani zvikuru pane rimwe risina munhu aiva nguva yokugadzirira.
• Employment. Panguva recessions nayo ipfupi, saka nhamba inoratidza zvakajeka padariro upfumi kutenderera, izvo anomhanya upfumi.
• Retail okutengesa. chakarurama uyu yakabatana Indekisi mitengo zvinotarisirwa yevatengi. Zvisinei, zviri nani kuratidza izvo sectors kuita zvakaipa, uye zviri nani.
• kuvaka pamwero. Kukurumidza kuwedzera yokugara uye maindasitiri zvivako zvivako inoratidza nguva kutumbuka mu upfumi.
• Bhuku uwandu mu dzokuchengetera. Zvibereko zvayo ndizvo kuti nguva zvoupfumi slowdown uye kudzikira kusvika.
• Kukosha anogoverana yokutungamirira makambani mumusika.

The zvenharaunda divi

Sezvo kukura kwoupfumi inogona kufananidzwa iya kurudyi uye vakakwira munyonga kuti kugadzirwa zvingangoitika, zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti sei izvi zvingaitika. Uye pano anouya kubatsira remunharaunda upfumi. It inodzidza kuti placement zvinhu zvinokanganisa kugadzirwa vhoriyamu uye okutengesa pamisika.

Regional upfumi - chiri indasitiri, iyo yakaumbwa pachishandiswa mutemo yaiona-miganhu zviumbu renyika uye yose hurumende yose.

Dzidziso uye mhando

Economic kushurudzira ramangwana kuchinja inzwi uye mamiriro mari National - zvichida ndicho chinokosha zvikuru pakudzidza. Handiti, rinopa chaiyo inoshanda zvabuda zvinogona chinozoiswa kugadzirisa kuitika mune zvoupfumi. chikoro chimwe nechimwe kwakasimbiswa yayo yokusvika nokudzidza kukura. Pakati pavo pane zvinotevera:

• Classical kukura dzidziso. Ivo chete kufungawo zviviri. Naizvozvo, kukura mavari nokuda kuchinja basa kana guta. Muzvigadzirwa utsanzi haina kufungwa nezvazvo. Not vaiona uye upfumi akamboona.
• Solow-Swan yambokurukurwa nemasayendisiti ari 50s. The muenzaniso anofunga kupera rinodzokera kubva pakushandisa basa uye guru sezvo zvinhu zviri kugadzirwa.
• Endogenous kukura dzidziso yakanga yakataurwa Romer uye Lucas ari 80s. It anofunga kwemasvomhu tsanangudzo kuvandudzwa zvemichina uye pfungwa guru kwevanhu.

• Rakabatana Dzidziso kukura. munyori wayo Odhedhi Galore. Rinotsanangura empirical regularities kukura nomunhu upfumi chisingazivi funga yapfuura dzidziso.
• Pfungwa yokuti 'kungosunda guru ". Pfungwa iyi yave kunyanya rakakurumbira 40s. Maererano naye, mumwe nyika inoda kusunda kutama kubva padanho kukura kune mumwe.

Zvakagadzirwa uye nemasangano

Zvinenge zvose ano dzidziso kufungawo izvi zviviri. Vazhinji vavo uyewo akaisa nechepakati pakukura kwose kwevanhu. Sezvatinoziva, kukura kwoupfumi zvinogona kufananidzwa rworudyi kuchinja kubva uwandu hwezvinhu zvose zvabatanidzwa. yokuchengetera munyonga. Chimwe chinhu kuchinja izvi zvokugadzira zvinhu mberi, mumwe - sangano webasa, ndiko masangano.